MATLAB解析GPS数据程序.docx

1、MATLAB解析GPS数据程序% 注：本程序可直接在MATLAB 2017a 中运行 %该脚本文件用于学习GPS数据的读取，需要做其他用途请自行修改代码 %本脚本文件的前面几行代码是要设置的一些参数 %默认使用COM3（需视情况修改） %波特率设为GPS模块默认的38400 %下面为程序源码 clear num_execute = 100; % 执行次数 num_SingleRead = 150; %单次从串口读取的字节数(最好设置足够大（最低大概设为80），保证单次读取的数据包含一条完整的GPS数据) Timedelay = 0.2; % 用于延时读取串口数据 BaudRate = 3840

2、0; % 读取数据的波特率 Terminator = CR; num_MaxTry = 5; %打开串口的最多尝试次数 BytesAvailableFcnCount = 1000; % 设置参数 % delete(instrfindall); % 串口打开失败时使用此句 % delete(s);clear s % 串口打开失败时使用此句 serial3 = serial(COM3); % 串口设置 serial3.BytesAvailableFcnMode = byte; % serial3.InputBufferSize = 38400; % 输出波特率 serial3.BaudRate =

3、 BaudRate; % 读入波特率 % serial3.OutputBufferSize = 1024; serial3.BytesAvailableFcnCount = BytesAvailableFcnCount; serial3.ReadAsyncMode = continuous; serial3.Terminator = Terminator; % 打开串口 count_opentimes = 1; while contains(serial3.status,closed) 0 & count_opentimes num_MaxTry fopen(serial3); %打开串口 c

4、ount_opentimes = count_opentimes+1; end if contains(serial3.status,open) 0) GPS_DataStrs = fread(serial3,num_SingleRead,char); %一次读出10个字符 GPS_DataStrs = reshape(GPS_DataStrs,1,); GPS_DataStrs = split_str2strs(GPS_DataStrs); GPS_Data_tmp = get_GPS_specificData(GPS_DataStrs); GPS_Data = Updata_GPU_Dat

5、a(GPS_Data,GPS_Data_tmp); show_GPS_Data(GPS_Data); pause(Timedelay); % 延时 num_execute = num_execute-1; end % fprintf(s,abcd); %给串口的发送数据 % fscanf(s); %从串口的接收缓存读数据 % 关闭串口并删除相关数据 关闭串口fclose(serial3); %delete(serial3); clear serial3 % %将字符串根据rn划分成多个子字符串,同时去掉首尾无用的残余字符串 function out_strs = split_str2strs(

6、StrData) if contains(class(StrData),char) uint8(StrData); end record = get_pos_enterflag(StrData); if StrData(1) = uint8($) %开头为$的情况 flag_start = 1; else if size(record,2) 0 flag_start = record(1)+2; else out_strs = cell(0,0); return end end if StrData(end) = 13 flag_end = length(StrData)-1; else if

7、 size(record,2) 0 flag_end = record(end)-1; end end if flag_start = flag_end out_strs = cell(0,0); return end StrData = StrData(flag_start:flag_end); % 截取有效数据，方便下面划分子字符串 record = get_pos_enterflag(StrData); num_strs = size(record,2)+1; out_strs = cell(num_strs,1); if num_strs 1 out_strs1,1 = char(St

8、rData(1:record(1)-1); if num_strs = 2 out_strsnum_strs,1 = char(StrData(record(1)+2:end); else for i = 2 : num_strs-1 out_strsi,1 = char(StrData(record(i-1)+2:record(i)-1); end out_strsnum_strs,1 = char(StrData(record(i)+2:end); end else out_strs1,1 = char(StrData); end % 得到字符串中rn在字符串中的位置(实际为r的位置) f

9、unction record = get_pos_enterflag(data) record = ; % 记录回车符号位置 for ii = 1 : length(data)-1 if data(ii) = 13 if data(ii+1) = 10 record = record,ii; ii = ii+1; end end end end end % 得到具体GPS结构体数据 function GPS_Data_tmp = get_GPS_specificData(StrsData) GPS_Data_tmp = ; num_str = size(StrsData,1); for i =

10、 1 : num_str str_tab = StrsDatai,1; if contains(str_tab,GGA) 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNGGA(str_tab); elseif contains(str_tab,GSA) 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSA(str_tab); elseif contains(str_tab,GSV) 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSV(str_tab); elseif contains(str_tab,RMC) 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNRMC(str_tab); elseif contains(str_

11、tab,VTG) 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNVTG(str_tab); elseif contains(str_tab,GLL) 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNGLL(str_tab); end end end % GPS字符串解析 function GPS_Data_tmp = GNGGA(str_tab) index = strfind(str_tab,); count = 1; Time = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Latitude = str_tab(index(count)+1

12、:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Longitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.GPSState = str_tab

13、(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.SatelliteNum = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.HDOP = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.altitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; % other = s

14、tr_tab(index(count)+1:end); % 进一步处理 GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = Time(1:2); GPS_Data_tmp.Time.min = Time(3:4); GPS_Data_tmp.Time.sec = Time(5:6); GPS_Data_tmp.Time.millisec = Time(8:10); GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.degree = Latitude(1:2); % 纬度 GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.min = Latitude(3:4); tmp = str2double(Latitu

15、de(6:9); tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.millisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.degree = Longitude(1:3); % 经度 GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.min = Longitude(4:5); tmp = str2double(Longitude(7:10); tmp = t

16、mp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.millisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); % UTC时间转换为北京时间 hour = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour; if str2num(hour)+8 = 24 GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = num2str(str2num(hour)+8-24); else GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour =

17、 num2str(str2num(hour)+8); end end function GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSA(str_tab) index = strfind(str_tab,); count = 1; GPS_Data_tmp.LocationMode = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.CurState = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.PRN = str_t

18、ab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.PDOP = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.HDOP = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.VDOP = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; % other = str_tab(ind

19、ex(count)+1:end); end function GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSV(str_tab) % 此语句为与卫星有关的信息（包括卫星方位，卫星编号） % 暂时用不着，不处理 GPS_Data_tmp = ; end function GPS_Data_tmp = GNRMC(str_tab) index = strfind(str_tab,); count = 1; Time = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LocationState = str_tab(i

20、ndex(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Latitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Longitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir = str_tab

21、(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.speed = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.TrueDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Date = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticAngle = str

22、_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; % other = str_tab(index(count)+1:end); % 进一步处理 GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = Time(1:2); GPS_Data_tmp.Time.min = Time(3:4); GPS_Data_tmp.Time.sec = Time(5:6); GPS_Data_tm

23、p.Time.millisec = Time(8:10); GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.degree = Latitude(1:2); % 纬度 GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.min = Latitude(3:4); tmp = str2double(Latitude(6:9); tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.millisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*

24、10000); GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.degree = Longitude(1:3); % 经度 GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.min = Longitude(4:5); tmp = str2double(Longitude(7:10); tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.millisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); GPS_Da

25、ta_tmp.DATE.day = Date(1:2); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.month = Date(3:4); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.year = Date(5:6); % UTC时间转换为北京时间 hour = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour; if str2num(hour)+8 = 24 GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = num2str(str2num(hour)+8-24); else GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = num2str(str2num(hour)+8); end end function G

26、PS_Data_tmp = GNVTG(str_tab) index = strfind(str_tab,); count = 1; GPS_Data_tmp.TrueDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceTrueDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.RelativeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1

27、);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceRelativeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.step = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.stepflag = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.velocity = str_tab(ind

28、ex(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; % other = str_tab(index(count)+1:end); end function GPS_Data_tmp = GNGLL(str_tab) index = strfind(str_tab,); count = 1; Latitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);

29、count=count+1; Longitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Date = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LocationState = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);

30、count=count+1; % other = str_tab(index(count)+1:end); % 进一步处理 GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.degree = Latitude(1:2); % 纬度 GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.min = Latitude(3:4); tmp = str2double(Latitude(6:9); tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.millisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000);