中考英语专题五介词二.docx

1、中考英语专题五介词二中考专题五：介词(二)五. with / in / by 表示 “用”1. with 表示 “用” 一般指有形的工具 / 手段 / 人体器官. He cut the apple into halves _ a knife . 注: with 表伴随, “带有,含有” He came in _ a big smile on his face .2. in表示用某种语言,方式,途径. 或书写/绘画所用的材料. 也可表交通方式.Can you say it _ English ?He wrote a letter _ blue ink .3. by表示乘坐交通工具, 表示方式,方

2、法I study for a test _ working with a group .He makes a living _ selling newspapers .注意: 同义词组1). by phone = on the phone 2). by car = in a car 3). in pen = with a pen = with pens 六. across / through / over / by 经过1. across 指横穿,穿过. 表示动作从某一物体表面上经过.2. through 指穿过,透过,表示从某一物体空间内通过.3. over 表示从某人或某物的上空经过或越过

3、,不与表面接触.4. by 表示从某人/某物的旁边经过. Can you swim _ the river ? the elephant is so big that it cant go _ the gate . I dont think anyone can jump _ the fence. I walked _ the bank of China yesterday .七. in front of / in the front of 1. in the front of 表示在.内部的前面2. in front of 表示在外面的前面 There is a desk in _ fron

4、t of our classroom . There is a big tree in _ front of our classroom.八其它介词的用法：1. at的其它用法.1). 表示 “从事或正在做某事”,其后加的名词往往不加冠词. She is at work now = She is working now .2). at表示 “价格或速度” The train ran at 120 kilometres an hour .2. in的其它用法:1) in表示 “在方面” 词组:do well in = be good at be weak in 2) in 表示 “穿着”后接表颜

5、色的词或衣服. 词组: be in +衣服 = be wearing +衣服3) in作副词, “在家” = at home 3. like 的用法:1). 像/和一样. 常与系动词连用. 词组: look like sound like 2). 与what 连用, “是什么样子, 怎样”. What is he like ? He is kind .4. off的用法:1). 从下来, 脱离某物体. 词组: fall off 2). “休假”通常放在时间名词之后. 词组: have +时间+ off He hasnt had a night off for two hours .5. exc

6、ept / besides 1). except 除了.之外, 都. . 不包括在范围之内. 注: nothing but 除了之外,什么也没有.2). besides除了之外,还有 . 包括在范围之内. We all went swimming _ Lucy . There is _ a letter in the box . We study Japanese and French_ English .6. with / without 1). with具有,含有 -反义词: without 没有词组: with the help of = with ones help =because

7、of = thanks to without ones help 2). without 的用法: A). without + sb./ sth. 没有某人或某物 B). without + doing sth . He left here without_(say ) “Goodbye”to us. C). without sth 常与if 引导的否定的条件句. If there is no water , we cant live .= We cant live _ _ .7. on the tree /in the tree on the tree 表示 “树上本身长的东西” 在树上.

8、而in the tree 表示 “外界的物体进入树中” 人或物在树上. There are some apples _ the tree . There is a boy _ the tree.8. since / for 注: since / for 用于现在完成时.1). since : a). since +时间点 b). 现在完成时+ since +一般过去时 c). since +一段时间+ ago.2). for: for +一段时间= since +一段时间+ ago9. be made +介词的区别: be made of 由制成 (看得见原材料) be made from由制

9、成 (看不见原材料)be made in +地点 由哪儿生产 be made by sb. 由某人制造10. 表示 “数量的介词”about , round, around, over 1). about , round, around表示 “大约” 2). over 表示 “超过”= more than.11. inside / outside inside 在里面 反义词:outside在.外面12. in the wall /on the wall in the wall 表示“门窗在墙上” on the wall 表示“某东西张贴或挂在墙上”九. 不用介词的情况:1). 当时间状语为:

10、 tonight, today, yesterday, tomorrow 等时,不用介词. What are you going to do tonight ?2). 含有this, that, these, those, last, next, every, each等时间状语. He went to Wuhan last week .3). 以all 开头的时间状语前面不用介词. He has worked all day .4). 以some ,any, one等构成的时间状语前不用介词. He met a bad man one cold morning .= He met a bad

11、 man on a cold morning .41.【2011浙江杭州】She had to sell the house even though it was her own wishes. A. above B. on C. against D. for42.【2011浙江金华】We couldnt finish our work so early your help.A. without B. with C. for D. By43.【2011重庆】I go to school bus every morning.A. in B. on C. at D. by44.【2011山东济宁】

12、-Could you please provide us some information about the students health ?-Of course, its my pleasure.A. to B. of C. from D. with45.【2011四川乐山】What do you often do classes to relax?Listen to music or walk around the school.A. over B. through C. between 46.【2011浙江台州】Shanghai Disneyland has started to b

13、e built and it will be open five years.A. in B. for C. from D. before47.【2011山东潍坊】The moonlight goes the window and makes the room bright.A. across B. through C. over D. in48.【2011山东聊城】Well have dinner at Qianxilong Restaurant, which is famous its food.A. of B. to C. for D. as49.【2011四川内江】A big eart

14、hquake hit Japan the afternoon of March 11th, 2011.A. in B. on C. at50.【2011邵阳】My old friend White is going to visit me.We havent seen each other five years.A. since B after C. for51.【2011广安市】Oh, so many people in the park?Nobody likes to stay at home Sunday morning. A. in B. on C. at 52.【2011山东临沂】I

15、f you sit in a chair a long time, your back may begin to hurt.A. at B. in C. on D. for 53.【2011南京】The wedding of Prince William was held in Westminster Cathedral April 29, 2011.A. at B. in C. on D. by54.【2011浙江舟山】My parents usually take a walk dinner to keep healthy.A. at B. of C. during D. after55.

16、【2011山东德州】We can get fresh water from rain, from rivers, or from the ground.A. across B. under C. over D. off56.【2011江苏宿迁】I was born the morning February 25th, 1997.A. in; of B. on; in C. in; in D. on; of57.【2011江苏淮安】 people lost their homes in Japans earthquake.A. Two thousands B. Thousand C. Thous

17、ands of D. Thousand of58.【2011江苏淮安】The 30th Olympic Games will be held in London 2012.A. at B. on C. in D. for59.【2011山西】Shall we go the museum? All right! I hear there are many first-class photographs .A. on show B. on board C. on sale 60.【2011 山东烟台】Can a plane fly the Atlantic Ocean? Yes, but it n

18、eeds to go_ the clouds for hours.A. across, through B. through, across C. across, across D. through, through61.【2011山东德州】We can get fresh water from rain, from rivers, or from the ground.A. across B. under C. over D. off62.【2011扬州】Is the film interesting?I thought it would be. But , its very boring.

19、A. in all B. in fact C. in addition D. in future63.【2011安徽】I hear our teacher will be back three weeks time.A. at B. in C. for D. after64.【2011安徽】What a nice day! We should go sightseeing watching TV in the hotel.A. because of B. instead of C. together with. D. out of65.【2011铜仁】 What does your Engli

20、sh teacher look like? Shes tall and thin long hair.A. have B. has C. there is D. with66.【2011湖北黄冈】Your coat looks very nice. Whats it made ?Cotton, and it is made Wuhan.A. from; in B. of; in C. from; on D. of; on67.【2011贵州安顺】Lets get the key the question? OK. Lets start. A. for B. with C. on D. To68

21、.【2011 湖南衡阳】Why are you standing there, Maggie?I cant see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting me.A. behind B. in front of C. beside69.【2011山东】Liu Xiang was born in Shanghai in 1983.A. in B. at C. on D. to70.【2011湖北黄石】I wrote my brother last Saturday, but I havent heard him up to now.A.

22、 from; to B. to; of C. to; to D. to; from41. 答案：C【解析】介词的用法。above 意思是“在上方（和物体表面不接触）”，on意思是“在上方，（和物体表面接触）” against 意为“反对，违背”，for意为“赞成”。由句意“她不得不卖掉房子即使违背她自己的意愿”可知，用against。故选C。42. 答案：A 【解析】考查介词的用法。由句意可推断我们这么早完成工作和你的帮助有关系。换言之，(如果)没有你的帮助，我们就不能这么早完成工作。故选A。43. 答案：D【解析】考查介词用法。by+交通工具意为：乘；in和on后跟交通工具表乘车方式时，中间

23、须加冠词或形容词物主代词。故选D。44. 答案：D【解析】：介词的用法。provide sb. with sth.意为“向某人提供某物”，为固定短语。故选D。45. 答案：C【解析】考查连词的用法。根据句意“两节课之间你们做什么来休息？”between是两者之间的意思，符合句意。 46. 答案：A【解析】介词的语法。 in 后加时间段表示“在后”，一般用于将来时；for后加时间段一般与现在完成时连用，表示“主句的动作持续多长时间”；from和before后加时间点。故选A。47. 答案：B【解析】考查介词用法。across意为“(从物体表面)穿过”； throng意为“(从物体内部)穿过”；o

24、ver表示在正上方；in表示在内部。句意为“月光穿过窗户使房间明亮起来。”故选B。48. 答案：C 【解析】固定词组。be famous for 以而出名；be famous as 表示作为.而出名；be famous to 后一般跟人，表“对.是熟悉的”，“为.所熟知的”；句意：我们将要去千禧龙饭店就餐，它以美食出名。故选C。49. 答案：B 【解析】介词用法。in用于年、月、季节、早中晚。具体日期用on。具体时刻用at。故选B。50. 答案：C 【解析】介词的用法。since+一段时间+ago；after+时间点；for+一段时间。本句中five years.为一段时间。故选择C。51.

25、答案：B【解析】介词考查。in表示在某年、某月、某星期；on表示在某天或某天的早上、中午、晚上；at表示在某时某刻。根据句意：在周日早晨用介词on。52. 答案：D 【解析】介词的用法。介词for 用来引导一段时间，本身无具体意义，有时可译为“计，达”等。53. 答案：C【解析】考查介词的用法。在具体某一天前用介词on。故选C。54. 答案：D【解析】介词的用法。本句句意：我父母亲通常在饭后散步来保持健康；after dinner意为“饭后”，符合句意。55. 答案：B【解析】介词的用法。句意：我们能够从雨水、河流或地下得到清新的水。介词across“穿过”；under“在.的下面”；over

26、“在.的上面”；off“离开”，只有B符合题意。56. 答案：D【解析】本题考查介词的用法。年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on.故选D。57. 答案：C 【解析】考查hundred等词用法。hundred, thousand 如果有具体数字修饰，用单数形式，表示具体数目。表示约数时，用hundreds of , thousands of 的形式，表示“成百上千的”，“成千上万的”。语境为“在日本地震中上千人失去了家园。”。故选C.58. 答案：C 【解析】介词辨析。在某一年用介词in. at 强调具体时间，on 用在具体某一天，for 后接时间段。故选C。59. 答案：A【解析】介词短语的用

27、法。On show意为“展览，展示”，on board 意为“在国外”，on sale 意为“出售”。根据句意可知选A。60. 答案：A 【解析】考查介语辨析用法。across，表示从物体的表面“穿过，越过”； through表示从某物的内部“穿过”，句中“飞越大西洋”要使用fly across; 从云层中“穿过”，要使用through。61. 答案：B【解析】介词的用法。句意：我们能够从雨水、河流或地下得到清新的水。介词across“穿过”；under“在.的下面”；over“在.的上面”；off“离开”，只有B符合题意。62. 答案：B【解析】近义词辨析。In all意思是“总共”； in

28、 fact意思是“事实上”；in addition意思是“附加”； in future意思是“将来”。结合文意：事实上，我认为令人讨厌。答案：B 63.答案：B【解析】考查介词用法。at 一般加时间点；in +一段时间表示将来时；for加一段时间，通常用于完成时；after通常用于引导过去时的从句。由will提示，应该选B。64. 答案：B 【解析】选B。考查词组区别。because of “因为”； instead of“代替”； together with “一起”；out of“外出；脱离”，结合句意选B。65. 答案：D【解析】介词的用法。with意思是“带着；有的”，表示特征，故选D

29、。66. 答案：B【解析】词组辨析。be made of 意为“由制成”，能看出原材料的； be made from意为“由制成”，看不出原材料；be made in 意为“在哪儿制作”，后接地点。根据答语可知，大衣是由棉花做成的(可以看出原材料)，故选B。67. 答案：D【解析】固定搭配的考查。根据句意“问题的答案”应该是the key to the question.68. 答案：A 【解析】考查介词辨析。因为看不清楚黑板，所以两个高个子男孩一定是坐在我前面。因此答案为B。69. 答案：A【解析】考查点：本题考查介词的用法。解题思路：在来年，在某月，在某年某月，在四季，在第几周等都要用in，但在某年某月某日则用on。故本题选A。70. 答案：D 【解析】固定的用法。Write to意为“给某人写信”，hear from意为“收到某人的来信”