新高考英语宾语从句.docx

1、新高考英语宾语从句高考英语宾语从句一、关联词关联词又称“连词”或“引导词”，是宾语从句的重要组成部分。连词：1.连接代词（that，who，whom，what，which）2.连接副词（when，where，why，how）3.从属连词（if，whether）由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句，用if或whether引导.在试卷中一般依据从句中“缺什么补什么”的原则，结合上下文选用恰当的连词。如：1.Idontknowwhowillbeourheadteachernextsemester.缺指人的主语用who，如缺指物的主语则用what。2.Idoubtwhatmyepalwillwritesoo

2、n.缺指物的宾语用what，如缺指人的宾语则用whom。3.Ithinkthatmydeskmatewillgetthroughallthemajorsubjects.句子不缺成分，用that;如果that后跟有代词，可省略that。4.Sheletmeknowwhenthemeetingwouldbeheld.缺时间状语，用when；缺地点状语，用where；缺原因状语，用why；缺方式状语，用how。5.Idontknowwhich/whattopicIshouldchoose.缺定语，用what或which。6.Theteacheraskedwhether/ifIwasgettingre

3、adyforthecomingtest.表示“是否（有，能，已经）”等含义，用whether或if。7.Idbeinterestedtoknowwhetherhewillseethemovie“Dawn”ornot.强调是否对比时，用连词whether。例1Acomputercanonlydo_youhaveinstructedittodo.A.howB.afterC.whatD.when例2Marywroteanarticleon_theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that例3Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosel

4、lfor_hethoughtwasnotenough.A.whereB.howC.whatD.which例4Thewayhediditwasdifferent_wewereusedto.A.inwhichB.inwhatC.fromwhatD.fromwhich例5Hespokeproudlyofhispartinthegame,withoutmentioning_histeammateshaddone.A.whatB.whichC.whyD.while二、语序以从属连词（if，whether）、连接代词（what，which，who，whose）和连接副词（when，where，how，wh

5、y）等引导的宾语从句用陈述句语序。例6Noonecanbesure_inamillionye例7Thebosswentuptoask_.A.whatthematterwasB.whatsthematterC.whatwasthematterD.whatthematteris三、时态宾语从句的时态要和主句相呼应:1.如果主句谓语动词是现在时或将来时，从句谓语动词时态可不受约束；2.如果主句谓语动词是过去时，从句谓语动词的时态须与之呼应；Eg.Ithoughthehadgonetotowntoday.3.当从句叙述的是客观真理时，其谓语动词仍用现在时态。如：Eg.Galileoinsistedth

6、attheearthmovesroundthesun.例8Themanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnfourfifthsofthetickets_.A.wasbooked例9Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe_officesoon.A.leavesB.wouldleaveC.hadleftD.hadbeenaway例10Doyouworkinthelabeveryafternoon四、宾语从句的减缩式宾语从句有时可减缩为“疑问词+不定式”的形式。例11Iveworkedwithchildrenbefo

7、re,soIknowwhat_inmynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects例12ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows_.A.itwhattodowithB.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwithit例13Themotherdidntknow_toblameforthebrokenglassesasithappenedwhileshewasout.A.whoB.whenC.howD.what五、宾语从句的特

8、殊式1.复合连接代词在宾语从句中的使用。如：Sarahhopestobecomeafriendofwhoeversharesherinterest.（whoever=anyonewho/anypersonwho）ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddowhateverIcantosavethem.（whatever=anythingthat）Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants.whatever在此处是泛指，不可被what替代。而“Icantrememberatthemomen

9、twhohassaidthewords.”中的who表特定的某人，不可以改成whoever。2.it作形式宾语，从句作真正宾语。（1）动词+it+important/necessary/natural/etc.+thatclause。thatclause中谓语动词前可加should，亦可省略。如：Ithinkitimportantthatyou（should）attendtheconference.（2）动词+it+as+名词/形容词+clause。如：Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhislecture.（3）动词

10、+it+介词+thatclause。常见的有：oweittosb.+thatclause（把归功于某人），leaveittosb.+thatclause（把留给某人去做），takeitforgranted+thatclause（想当然），keepitinmind+thatclause（记住）。如：Ijusttookitforgrantedthathedalwaysbearound.（4）动词+it+clause。如：Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.英语中少数介词很活跃，能带从句作其宾语。如：Igotoseeafilmexceptwhenitra

11、ins.3.含宾语从句的反意疑问句。当陈述部分带有that引导的宾语从句时，疑问部分的主语和谓语一般应与陈述部分主句的主语和谓语保持对应关系。如：Briantoldyouthattherewasntanyoneintheroomatthattime,didnthe当陈述部分主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think/believe/suppose/guess/imagine/expect/suspect/feel等时，疑问部分的主语和谓语往往与陈述部分从句中的主语和谓语保持对应关系，此时实质上是将对主句的否定转移到对从句的否定上。如：Idontsupposeanyonewillvoluntee

12、r,willthey4.两个及以上表示陈述的宾语从句并列时，第一个连词that可以省略，但第二个及以后的不可省。如：Hetoldme（that）theycouldnotdecidewhattodoandthattheyaskedmyadvice.5.主语+be+形容词+clause。如：ImafraidthatIcantpromiseyouanything.例14Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept_helphecanget.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whenever例15_hashelpedtosavethedrowninggir

13、lisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever例16Idappreciate_ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.itC.thisD.you例17IdontthinkyoucouldhavebeenusedtothequickpaceoflifewhilestudyingintheUSA_you_.Ithoughtofreturningtoourcountryatonetime.A.had;YesB.do;YesC.have;NoD.were;No例18Withhisworkcom

14、pleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased_hewasamanofaction.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether宾语从句练习题类型一：引导词的运用（1）Idontknow_ornotAwhetherheisathomeBifheisathomeCthatheisathomeDwhetherisheathome（2）Thisdependson_theweatherisfineAwhichBwhetherCifDthat（3）Theteacheraskedthenewstudent_classhewasi

15、nAwhichBwhereCifDthat（4）Idontknow_MrGreenwillcometoseeusHellhelpuswithourEnglishAwhyBwhenChowDwhere（5）Becareful！DontbreakthebottlesDoyouhear_IsaidDavidYes，MumAwhatBthatCwhyDif（6）Doyouknow_MrBlacksaddressisHemayliveatNO18orNo19ofBridgeStreetImnotsureof_Awhere，whichBwhere，whatCwhat，whichDwhat，where（7）

16、ThereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwoIreallydontknow_AwhatshouldIchooseBwhichIshouldchooseCwhichshouldIchooseDwhatIshouldchoose类型二：宾语从句的语序（1）Didyoufindout_AshewaslookingforwhosechildBwhosechildwasshelookingforCwhosechildsheislookingforDwhosechildshewaslookingfor（2）Areyouinterestedin_AhowdidhedoitBhe

17、didithowChowhediditDhehowdidit（3）Idontknow_CanyoutellmeAhowthetwoplayersareoldBhowoldarethetwoplayersCthetwoplayersarehowoldDhowoldthetwoplayersare（4）WhatdidthescientistsayHesaidhewonderedif_intospacebyspaceshiponedayAhehadtoflyBhecouldflyCcanheflyDcouldhefly（5）Excuseme，sirCouldyoutellme_AWheretheba

18、nknearestBwhereisthenearestbankCwherethenearestbankisDthenearestbankiswhere（6）SheaskedTom_withhiscarAwhatthematterwasBwhatthematterisCwhatwasthematterDwhatisthematter类型三：时态（1）Its7：30Icantbelieveyou_cookingdinneryet，SallyAhaventstartedBdidntCdontstartDhadntstarted（2）TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecem

19、ber25_ChristmasDayAisBwasChasbeenDwillbe（3）Theteachersaidthattheearth_roundthesunAgoesBgoCwentDwillgo（4）Wedliketotellyouthatyou_theexamAhavepassedBhadpassedCpassDwillpass（5）“Couldyoutellme_”“YesThey_tothelibrary”Awherearethetwins，havebeenBwherewerethetwins，havebeenCwherethetwinsare，havegoneD，whereth

20、etwinswere，havegone（6）Ourfathersaidthathe_anewcomputernextweekAwillbuyBhaveboughtCwouldbuyDbuys（7）Ihearthathe_toBeijingyesterdayAgoesBwillgoCwentDhavegone类型四：其他反意疑问句，it做形式宾语（1）Idontthinkheisright，_AisntheBisheCdoIDdontI（2）Hebelievessheisright，_AdoesntheBdoesheCissheDisntshe（3）Ithoughtthathedislikedp

21、layingfootball，_AdidntheBdidheCdidIDdidntI（4）Ifind_importantthatwepracticeEnglisheverydayAitBthisCthatDwhat（5）Youcantimagine_whentheyreceivedthenicegiftAhowtheywereexcitedBhowexcitedtheywereChowexcitedweretheyDtheywerehowexcited高考题1WhatdidyouparentsthinkaboutyourdecisionTheyalwaysletmedo_IthinkIshou

22、ld（06全国）AwhenBthatChowDwhat2Pleaseremindme_hesaidhewasgoingImaybeintimetoseehimoffAwhereBwhenChowDwhat（06全国）3Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame（05全国卷）AwhyBwhatCwhoDthat4SomeoneisringingthedoorbellGoandsee_（2000上海）AwhoisheBwhoheisCwhoisitDwhoitis5WehaventheardfromJaneforalongtimeWhatdoy

23、ouconsider_toher（NMET1990）AwashappeningBtohappenChashappenedDhappening答案类型一：ABABACB类型二DCDBCC类型三AAAACCC类型四BAAAB高考题DBADC例题解析：例1解析：待选项在从句中充当todo的宾语，故选C。例2解析：由于从句中句意清楚，结构完整，故可排除B、C项；D项用于宾语从句时只起引导词的作用，无词义，同时不充当任何成分，而题干上下文表示因果关系，故选A。例3解析：根据句子结构，for后面的从句缺少主语，故答案为C。例4解析：答案为C。本题为词组bedifferentfrom后跟what引导的宾语从

24、句，不要误看作定语从句而选D。例5解析：由句式结构可知mention后为宾语从句；do作实意动词时为及物动词，故空格处需要既能作do的宾语，又能引导宾语从句的连词，答案为A。例6解析：B项是特殊疑问句语序，有悖于宾语从句的陈述语序；C、D项句法、句意均不妥；A项是陈述句语序，故正确。例7解析：A项易被判断成陈述句语序，颇具迷惑性。实际上，从句中的what作主语，was为系动词，thematter是表语。B、D项时态错误，C项正确。例8解析：本题主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句中的事件先于主句的事件发生，且是被动，故选B。例9解析：根据关键词soon可知动作尚未发生，又因主句谓语动词made为过去时

25、，故选B。例10解析：答案为D。wish后接宾语从句，其谓语动词要用虚拟形式。例11解析：宾语从句减缩式“疑问词+不定式”是解题关键。选项C是不定式的进行时，强调动作“正在进行”，不符合题意，故选B。例12解析：“疑问词+不定式”作及物动词know的宾语，选项中it代替了theland，故正确答案为C。例13解析：B、C、D项的疑问词用错，故选A。例14解析：本题考查的引导词引导宾语从句，同时作get的宾语。B、D两项在句中是作状语的；由于没有给出明确的指代物，故A项也不合适；答案为C。例15解析：whoever=anyone（anybody/anyperson/he）who，答案为D。例16解析：答案为B。某些动词和动词短语（如appreciate，like，hate，seeto等）后面不能直接带从句，往往需先插入it再带that，if或when引导的从句。例17解析：本句带有推测的意味，疑问部分的谓语不能用情态动词。couldhavebeen表示对过去的推测，故疑问部分的谓语应用were与之对应，应选D。例18解析：因从句hewasamanofaction为主系表结构，且表达肯定意义，不缺少句子成分，故选B项。