暑假教案初中英语9年级第09份.docx

1、暑假教案初中英语9年级第09份教师姓名学生姓名年 级九上课时间学 科英语课题名称形容词 副词 用法和作用教学目标理解、掌握形容词的意义、作用和位置；副词的意义、作用和位置；两者的关系。教学重难点掌握形容词的作用和位置；副词的作用和位置；两者的关系。形容词 副词 用法和作用1、考点分析 形容词和副词是中考中重要的知识点，分布于各种题型中，无论选择、词转、完型和首字母都能涉及到，是英语九大词类中最重要的知识点，综合分值占较大比例，是教学和考试必须重点对待的内容。2、专题详解形容词 副词的用法（一）形容词：1、形容词的定义 形容词是用来描写或修饰名词（或代词）的一类词。形容词在句中主要用作定语、表语

2、和宾语补足语。2、形容词在句子中的作用 1）作定语。 I have a beautiful rose. He has enough time to do his homework. There is something strange in the room. 2）作表语。在系动词和半系动词feel（感到），look（看起来），sound（听起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），become（变成）get（变成），turn（变成），fall（变成）, seem(似乎，好象）后，用形容词作表语。He is young.I feel very tired.That sounds in

3、teresting.He falls ill. 3）作宾语补足语。 You should keep your room tidy every day. I paint the wall white.3、形容词的位置 1）形容词作定语时一般放在它所修饰的词的前面;I have a good book.He is a strange man. 2）形容词修饰不定代词(由some, any, every, no+ thing, one, body构成)时要放在不定代词之后;He has something important to tell you.There is nothing interest

4、ing in the book. 3）else修饰疑问代词what, who, whom, whose和不定代词something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody nobody等;What else can you do?Is there anyone else? 4）形容词短语作定语时必须放在它所修饰的词的后面。 这些形容词短语多是由 “形容词+介词短语/不定式短语”构成。 It is a problem difficult to solve.这是一个难解决的问题。 He is a boy good at sports.他是个擅长体育运动的孩子。

5、5）由and/or连接的并列形容词成对使用时后置。 All countries, big and small, should be equal. 任何国家,无论大小,一律平等. 6）表示计量（长、宽、高、深）及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。 The building is 30 meters tall. The road is 10 feet wide. The little boy is nine years old. 4、部分形容词只作定语或只作表语。（英语中大部分形容词既可作定语也可作表语，但部分形容词只作定语或只作表语。 1）. 只能作表语的形容词 alone独自的, afrai

6、d害怕的, asleep睡着的, awake醒着的, alive活者的, ill生病的, well健康的，glad高兴的，unable不能的、不会的,frightened害怕； 2）. 只能作定语的形容词little小的,only唯一的,wooden木质的, woolen羊毛质的,elder年长的和复合形容词English-speaking说英语的,kind-hearted善良的, man-made人造的, take-away可以带走的。5、貌似副词的形容词下列单词词尾有ly, 但它们是形容词不是副词: lonely, friendly, lively, lovely6、有些动词的过去分词能当

7、形容词使用，如：worried, surprised, excited, interested, broken, lost.7、有些形容词和定冠词the连用，叫做名词化的形容词，常用来：1）泛指一类人，表示复数概念，作主语时要求谓语动词用复数形式。这类词有：rich/poor; young/old; healthy/ill; living/dead; black/white(表示人种)等。The old are taken good care of in our country. The white are beautiful. 2）指抽象事物，作主语时要求谓语动词用单数形式。The beau

8、tiful never dies. 美是不朽的。8、一些常用形容词的辨析。alone独自的,指形体上孤单一人，lonely 孤独的，指精神上感到寂寞。ill 生病的，只能作表语，sick生病的，既可作表语，也可作定语glad高兴的，只能作表语， happy高兴的,既可作表语，也可作定语； well （形容词）健康的，只能作表语；（副词）好(地），作状语 good好（的）（形容词），作表语和定语。 8、形容词的排列顺序： 当名词由两个以上的形容词修饰时，这些形容词的排列通常遵循以下规则：1）限定词，包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等。2）表示观点的描绘性形容词，eg. fi

9、ne , beautiful, interesting3）表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词，eg. tall, high, round4）表示年龄、新、旧的形容词，eg. young, old, new5) 表示颜色的形容词, red, black, 6）表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词（名词）Japanese, American7）表示材料的形容词，如stone, silk等 为了记忆此规则，特编一句话：限观形龄色国材。（县官行令谢国才）This town has a fine old stone bridge.这座城镇有一座很不错的古老的石桥。（二）副词1、副词的定义：表示行为特征或性状特征

10、的词叫副词。副词用于修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或全句，说明时间、地点、程度、或方式等概念。2、副词的构成 1）一些副词本身就是副词；now, here 2）一些副词由形容词词尾+ly构成。 careful- carefully ; quickquickly, slowslowly, loudloudly, suddensuddenly happyhappily, angryangrily, luckyluckily,heavyheavily,noisynoisily terrible- terribly， possiblepossibly, simple-simply, gentle-gent

11、ly true-truly，wholewholly, due-duly(及时) polite- politely, widewidely, unfortunateunfortunately 3）与名词或形容词同形的副词： today, tomorrow, late, fast, early, hard, far, alone, little, lately, loud3、副词的分类1）时间副词now, today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, ago ,just now, the day before yesterday, the day after tomorr

12、ow, early, late, then, soon , immediately, still, already, just, yet2）地点副词 here, there, home, abroad, above, upstairs , outside downstairs, everywhere, behind, back3）方式副词 hard, well, fast, badly, brightly, certainly, clearly, deeply, early, easily, especially, happily, loudly, luckily, nearly, noisi

13、ly, politely, quickly, really, safely, slowly, strongly, suddenly, widely4）频度副词 always , usually, often, sometimes, ever, never, once, twice, three times a day/week, every day/week/ month/year, again and again, at times, now and then, not any more, not any longer5）程度副词 quite, rather, very, much, ver

14、y much, a lot , a little, a bit, enough, hardly, almost 6）疑问副词（一般用于特殊疑问句）how, where, when, why 7）连接副词（引导主语、宾语或表语从句）how, where, when, why，whether 8）关系副词（引导定语从句） how, where, when, why4、副词的作用1）修饰动词，作状语。eg. He walked quietly into his bedroom.2）修饰形容词，作状语。 Li lie is wearing a very beautiful coat.3）修饰副词，作状

15、语。 You walk too slowly.4）作表语。How long will she be away?5）作定语。The people here are very kind to me.5、副词的位置 1）多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面，如果是及物动词，一般就放在宾语后面。She is jumping happily.The boy is doing his homework carefully.2）时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末，如既有时间副词又有地点副词，则先地点后时间。He played football on the playground yesterday a

16、fternoon.3）频度副词通常都放在be 动词、情态动词、第一个助动词之后，行为动词之前。He always goes to school by bik e.She is often late for school.4）程度副词修饰动词时，与频度副词相似，修饰形容词或副词时，放在它所修饰的词的前面。但enough, very much除外。I dont quite agree with you.She is very beautiful.The hole is big enough.（放在所修饰的词之后）I like apples very much.（放在句末）5）疑问副词放在特殊疑问句

17、的句首，连接副词、关系副词通常放在从句的句首。( else作副词时, 修饰疑问副词when, where等放在其后)Why are you often late for school?Can you tell me why you are often late for school?6）有少数副词在句中的位置非常灵活，常放在与它们关系密切的词前。如：even和only。如: He can only answer the question. 他只会回答这个问题。 Only he can answer the question. 只有他会回答这个问题。6、一些常用形容词或副词的用法辨析 1）ver

18、y与 much表示“很”，“非常”very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级，much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级，修饰动词要用much或very much. 2）so与such表示“如此”，“这么”，“那么”（1）so是副词，修饰形容词或副词如： so beautiful such是形容词，修饰名词，但名词前可有形容词定语。如：such a beautiful girl（2）so修饰的形容词后可以有一个a/an+单数可数名词。如：so beautiful a girl（3）如果名词前有many, much, few, little则用so . 如：so many books. 3）also, too

19、, either, as well 也（不）also, too, as well用于肯定句；either用语否定句。also, 常放于be 动词、情态动词、第一助动词之后，行为动词之前。too, as well 常放于句末，但too前常用逗号隔开;either放在否定句句末。 He is having an English lesson.She is also having an English lesson.She is having an English lesson, too.She is having an English lesson as well.He isnt having a

20、n English lesson. She isnt either. 4) ago, before, after, laterago只用于一般过去时，放在“段时间”之后，表示从现在算起的时间之前。He finished his work three days ago before后接“点时间”,可用于任何时态。We hope to get home before 4 oclock.before（不接时间），常用于现在完成时。I have never seen such a moving film beforebefore放在“段时间”之后,常用于宾语从句中，与过去完成时连用。He said h

21、e finished his work three days before later“之后” 放在“段时间”之后，用于“段时间”+ later : three hours laterafter放在“段时间”之前，after+“段时间”两个词组都常用于一般过去时。（in+“时间段” ，after+“点时间”常用于将来时。) 5) much too 与 too muchmuch too修饰形容词和副词。too much修饰不可数名词It is much too cold today.There is too much ice on the road. 6）Just 与just nowjust 刚

22、刚，常用于现在完成时。just now刚才，常用于一般过去时。I have just finished my homework.I saw him on my way home just now. 7）sometime,sometimes,some time ,some timessome time表示将来或过去的某个时候；some time指一段时间sometimes指“有时候”； some times几次，几倍He goes to Haikou for a holiday sometimes.He will go to Haikou sometime next month.He will

23、stay there for some time. 8）already, yet, still already表示某事已经发生；still表示某事仍在进行；两者主要用于肯定句，yet用于疑问句表示“已经”,用于否定句表示“还没有”、“尚未”.Have you finished your homework yet?I have already finished my homework.He hasnt finished his homework yet.练习题：一、选词填空1. My father is a _ teacher. He teaches English very_.(well, g

24、ood )2. _ luck, I did _in the exam. (bad , badly)3. The sun is _ . it is shining_. (brightly, bright,)4.Mr Wang goes to school as_. He _ goes to school by bike. (usual, usually)5.The problem is so_ that they can work it out _( easily, easy)6. Lucy is very _ in class. She does everything_(careful, ca

25、refully)7. The teacher always talks in a _ voice in class. He usually speaks_ to the class.(loudly, loud)8. The cloth feels _and sells_. (good, well)9.The food tastes _( good, well)10.How _(nice, well) the flower smells!11.Can you believe that in _ a rich country there are _many poor people.(so, suc

26、h)12.The noise is _ noisy.(too much, much too)二、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Tom is _(terrible) ill.2.Jane looks so_(happy) today, because she has got an A in her maths test3. The flowers look _(real) beautiful.4. The song sounds_(beautiful)5.The little girl has a _ voice. She speak _(loud)6.Kate has a _family. Sh

27、e lives _with her parents and brother(happy)7.You cant speak_ (free) in class.8. I cant see _(clear) without my glasses9.How _(wonderful) he played football10.Li Hong doesnt study as _(care) as Tom.11.Look outside! It is raining _(heavy)12. On Saturday children play in the park _ (happy).13. I work

28、hard because I _(real) like this job.14. Li Lie fell off the bike, but _( luck) he wasnt _(bad) hurt15.You must speak to the old men _ (polite)3、课堂练习练习与巩固：1. Dont worry, sir. Im sure I can run _ to catch up with them.A. slowly enough B. enough slowly C. fast enough D. enough fast2. The text is very

29、easy for you. There are _ new words in it.A. a few B. a little C. few D. little3. Its such an _ film that all the students are _ in it.A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting C. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested; interested4. Mingming got up very _,so he came to school

30、 half an hour _.A. late; lately B. lately; late C. lately; lately D. late; late5. I am _ worried about y parents healthy conditions.A. some time B. sometime C. sometimes D. some times6. We dont have _ every day.A. a lot of school works B. many school work C. any school works D. much school work7. Tom is going camping with _ boys.A. other two little B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two8.The little girl looks _ at the s