学年高三英语一模试题及答案.docx

1、学年高三英语一模试题及答案2020-2021学年高三英语一模试题及答案第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Origins of Famous BrandsOur lives are full of brand names and trademarked products that we use every day. Although many brand names are simple acronyms(首字母缩略词) or versions of their founders

2、 names, some of the companies we trust every day actually have fascinating and surprising back stories.StarbucksIt seems fitting that the most famous coffee brand in the world would take its name from one of the worlds greatest works of literature. The inspiration for the name of the coffeehouse cam

3、e from Herman MelvillesMoby Dick. The founders original idea was to name the company after the Captain Ahabs ship, but they eventually decided that Pequot wasnt a great name for coffee, so they chose Ahabs first mate, Starbucks, as the name instead.GoogleGoogle was originally called Backrub, for it

4、searched for links in every corner of the Web. In 1997, when the founders of the company were searching for a new name showing a huge amount of data for their rapidly improving search technology, a friend suggested the word “googol”. When a friend tried to register the new domain (域) name, he misspe

5、lled “googol” as “google”.NikeOriginally founded as a distributor for Japanese running shoes, the company was originally named BRS, or Blue Ribbon Sports. In 1971, BRS introduced its own soccer shoe, a model called Nike, which is alsothe name for the Greek goddess of victory. In 1978, the company of

6、ficially renamed itself as Nike, Inc.The right name is essential to a companys success, and a great origin story is just as important as a great product. An attractive origin story is one more thing that keeps customers guessing, wondering, and buying its products.1. What is the name of the Captain

7、Ahabs ship?A. Moby Dick. B. Starbucks.C. Pequot. D. Herman Melville.2. Why did the founders of the Google want to change its name?A. They mistook their name.B. They wanted new customers.C. The companys original name was too long.D. The companys search technology was improving rapidly.3. Where does t

8、he importance of the origin story of one company lie in?A. It can change the companys image.B. It can add myth to the company.C. It explains the development of the company to customers.D. It makes customers imagine and purchase its goods.BA PhD student inMichigandefended her paper while wearing a sk

9、irt madeof rejection letters she received while studying. 29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out 17 of her rejection letters from scholarships, academic journals, and conferences then folded each one into a fan. She connected them in rows, and by the end she designed the item into a skirt and wore it

10、.She said that the idea behind her unique clothing item came out of a desire to normalize rejection and take pride in overcoming it. The whole process of revisiting those old letters and making that skirt sort of reminded me that you have to apply to a lot of things to succeed, she said. A natural p

11、art of the process is to get rejected along the way.Caitlins adviser, Julie Libarkin, a professor of earth and environmental science atMichiganStateUniversity, also encourages the acceptance of failure in her students. Libarkin believes its important for students to get into habit of applying for th

12、ings, and to get used to the feeling of rejection, so she encourages them to chase after any opportunity that comes their way. If a student doesnt get the grant or the spot in the academic journal, thats okay. Theyll still have learned something in the process.As for Caitlin? Her rejections over the

13、 years have led to great things: Since her doctorate, shes won a scholarship to do further research on urban agriculture inGermany.Currently, shes a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. As for what the future holds? Im prepared to receive a few more rejection letters along

14、 the way, she joked heartily, Maybe Ill make a longer skirt.4. What can we learn about Caitlin Kirbys rejection letters?A. She received 17 rejections in total.B. 29 of her rejections were from journals.C. The rejections were connected into a fan.D. She made some rejection letters into a skirt.5. Wha

15、t is Julie Libarkins attitude towards Caitlins action?A. Favorable. B. Ambiguous.C. Skeptical. D. Opposed.6. Which of the following words can best describe Catlin?A. Creative and considerate. B. Caring and determined.C. Optimistic and humorous. D. Generous and intelligent.7. Which of the following m

16、ay Caitlin agree with?A. Hard work pays off.B. Education is the entrance to success.C. Self-respect earns more respect.D. One needs to normalize failures.CWhen I was 13, I lost my sight. Since then, I had learned to get about with a walking stick, but had to stay at home because my parents thought I

17、 would get lost or robbed, even get hit by a car.I, however, believed I could regain my way if I lost it. A neighbor told me that a public library was offering a free course designed for the blind. Thats an important opportunity for me to kill two birds with one stone: I could practice my getting ab

18、out skills on my way to learning practical technology. My parentssettled forit.But how would I plan my course? I knew that the blind singer Ray Charles, get around without a walking stick by counting steps. But I couldnt seem to do that the way he had. I developed the power of my imagination, catchi

19、ng the layout（布局）of places I visited and taking note of landmarks in my mind. Every time I visited a place, the mental map Id drawn would turn up and helped me with the direction. But that doesnt mean I didnt lose my way in the process of acquiring this skill. Id have to swallow（吞下）my pride to ask k

20、ind strangersfor help.On those days I lost my way, Id go to bed feeling down. But my desires to beat blindness and further my education were usually enough to get me out of bed the next day and try again. Today, Im a published reporter and audio producer.Yes, Ive lost my way at times and found it ag

21、ain. And when people ask me,Arent you afraid to be out on your own?” the answer to me is clear：Id rather risk and find happiness than stick to safety and be painful.Now, impressed by my progress, my father told my mother, Our boy can see!.8. What does the underlined phrases “settled for in the secon

22、d paragraph mean?A. Talked about. B. Stuckto.C. Agreed to. D. Cared about.9. How did the author go around on his own after losing his sight?A.He created pictures of places in his mind.B. He drew a map on the paper to help him.C. He was always asking strangers for directions.D.He threw away the walki

23、ng stick and counted steps.10. Which of the following can best describe the author?A. Determined and adventurous. B. Patient and intelligent.C. Warm-hearted and positive. D. Adventurous and outgoing.11. How did the authors parents feel about his progress?A.Concerned. B. Surprised.C. Confident. D. Pr

24、oud.DWhen Jennifer Doudna was in sixth grade, she came home one day to find that her dad had lefta book titled The Double Helix on her bed. She put it aside, thinking it was one of those detective tales she loved.On a rainy Saturday, she picked up the book. As she sped through the pages, she became

25、fascinated by the drama, which encouraged her to explore natures wonders. Even though her high school teacher told her that girls didnt become scientists, she decided she would.She worked with a biologist, Charpentier, to turn a curiosity of nature into an inventionan easy-to-use tool that can edit

26、DNA. Known as Crispr, the tool will transform the human race. James Watson, the author of The Double Helix, later told her it was the most important biological advance: since he and Francis Crick discovered the structure of DNA.For this achievement, Doudna and Charpentier were awarded the Nobel Priz

27、e in Chemistry in 2020. Until now, only five women, beginning with Marie Curie in 1911, had won or shared the Nobel for Chemistry out of 184 award winners. When this years prize was announced, Dr. Charpentier said it would provide a message specifically to young girls who would like to follow the pa

28、th of science and to show them that women can also be awarded prizes.A few decades from now, if it becomes possible and sate to edit DNA, should we allow parents to improve the IQ and physical strength of their kids? Should we let them decide eye color1 ? Skin color1 ? Height? After helping to disco

29、ver Crispr, Dr. Doudna has become a leader in considering these moral issues. Thats the main message we should take from this Nobel: New technologies can be a huge benefit to the human race, but in order to make sure they are used wisely, its important for people to understand them.12. Jennifer Doud

30、na decided to become a scientist because,_A. her father pushed her B. a book inspired herC. her teacher encouraged her D. James Watson motivated her13. Dr. Doudna was awarded the Nobel Prize because,_.A. she wrote the book “The Double Helix B. she discovered the structure of DNAC. she is a hardworki

31、ng woman scientist D. she helped invent a tool for editing DNA14. According to passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. The two womens success will inspire more girls to be devoted to science.B. Since 1911, there have been 184 people who won the Nobel for chemistry.C. If girls follow the path

32、of science, they will surely achieve their goals.D. Crispr will make a big difference to the human race.15. Which words can best describe Jennifer Doudna?A. Determined and responsible. B. Ambitious and humorous.C. Cruel and indifferent. D. Fearless and stubborn.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项How to Pass an Important TestWhether its a first grade science test or college entrance exam, all tests