专八改错历届真题及答案.docx

1、专八改错历届真题及答案PART IV PROOFREADING&ERRORCORRECTION 15 MINThe passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and wri

2、te the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash / and put t

3、he word in the blank provided at the end of the line.EXAMPLEWhen art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) anIt never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) neverthem on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition it must often build it. (3) exhibit2013年Psycholinguistics is the name giv

4、en to the study of the psychologicalprocesses involved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) listening, reading, speaking, writing, and the memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that i

5、t usually (2) happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) Indeed, when you listen to someone speaking, looking at this page, (4) You normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptional circumstances we might become aware of the complexity. (5) involved: if we are sear

6、ching for a word but cannot remember it;if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced (6) their language; if we observe a child acquire language; if (7) we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; orif we are visually impaired or hearing- impaired or if we meetanyone

7、else who is. As we shall see, all these examples (8) of what might be called “language in exceptional circumstance”reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking, (9) listening, writing and reading. But given that language processeswere normally so automatic, we also need to carry out c

8、areful (10) experiments to get at what is happening.2013参考答案：1. production改producing2. 去掉the3. of 后加the most of time 意为时常 most of the time 绝大多数时间4. looking5. we 前加that 强调句6. influenced改affected, influence 强调人或物对某人的影响，affect强调因为某种作用对某人或某物产生的影响，本句中指中风这一动作行为对语言的影响7. acquire 改acquiring observe sb. Doing

9、 sth.8. anyone 改someone9. evolved 改 involved10. were 改 are2012年The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argument has been going since at least the first (1) _century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writersfavored certain kind

10、 of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th (5) _century, when the study o

11、f cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _literal as possible. This view c

12、ulminated the statement of the (9) _extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, thenature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Toooften, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified withea

13、ch other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _ 2012参考答案：1 going since加入on 题解：go on的意思是“继续”，符合句子表达的含义“争论一直在继续”。2 certain改为a certain 题解：此处要表达的意思是“很多作家喜欢一种自由的翻译方法”，第一次出现这种方法应该加上不定冠词。3 rather改为not 题解：根据原句的句子结构，rather应改为not。4 is 改为was 题解：此句应该为过去时。5 in 改为 at 题解：at the turn o

14、f 19th century“十九世纪之初”，是固定搭配。6 the 删去第二个the 题解：这里并没有特指某种语言，所以不用定冠词。7 viewtranslation加入that 题解：在view和translation之间加上that，可将“translation was impossible”看成view的同位语。8 was删去was 题解：条件状语从句常可以省略主语和系动词。9 culminatedthe加入in 题解：culminate in是“以.告终”的意思，符合上下文含义。10. and 改为but 题解：根据原句意思“现在背景变化了，但是基本问题依然存在”，两句话之间应该是转

15、折关系。2011年From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knewthat when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about seventeen （1）_and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the conscious （2）_that I was outraging my true nature and that soon or later I should h

16、ave to （3）_settle down and write books. I was the middle child of three, but there was a gap of five years on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For （4）_ this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developeddisagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular througho

17、ut my （5）_schooldays. I had the lonely childs habit of making up stories andholding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from （6）_ the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the （7）_ feeling of being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words and a p

18、ower of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that （8）_ this created a sort of private world which I could get my own back （9）_ for my failure in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious （10）_ i.e. seriously intended writing which I produced all through my childhood and boyhood would not amo

19、unt to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.2011参考答案：1. 在grow后加up, 考固定短语2. 改conscience为consciousness 考词语区别，conscience翻译为“良心，道德心”, consciousness翻译为“意识”3. 改soon为sooner，sooner or later是固定短语4. 在child前加middle, 考上下文理解。 作者是三个孩子句中的那位5. 改

20、disagreeing 为disagreeable ，disagreeing只能作动名词， 不能作形容词。disagreeable mannerisms令人讨厌的习惯6. 改imaginative为imaginary, 考词语区别 imaginative翻译为“有想象力的”，imaginary翻译为“想象的，虚构的”7. 改literal 为literary , 考词义区别， literal翻译为“字面的”，literary 翻译为“文学方面的”8. 去掉face后的in，face接宾语时是及物动词。考动词的基本用法。9. 在world后加in或者改which为where, 考定语从句10.

21、改Therefore为However或者Nevertheless, 考语境。2010年So far as we can tell, all human languages are equallycomplete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is,every language appears to be well equipped as any other （1）_to say the things their speakers want to say. （2）_There may or may not be appropr

22、iate to talk about primitive （3）_peoples or cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not all groups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics orpsychology or the cultivation of rice or the engraving of Benares brass. Whereas this is not thefault of their language. （4）_The Eskimos ca

23、n speak about snow with further more （5）_precision and subtlety than we can inEnglish, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of thosesometimes miscalled primitive) is inherently more precise and subtlethan English. This example does not come to light a defect （6）_in English, a show of une

24、xpected primitiveness. The position is simply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similarenvironments.The English （7）_language will be just as rich in terms for similar kinds of snow, （8）_presumably, if the environments in which English was habituallyused made such distinction as

25、important. （9）_Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo languagecould be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture or cricket if these topics formed the part of the （10）_Eskimos life. 2010参考答案：1. be后插入 as; asas引导的比较级2. their改为its; its代替every language3. There改为It; It此处作为形

26、式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式4. Whereas改为But ； 语境需要表示转折的连词，whereas表示对比5. further 改为much further不能修饰比较级6. come改为bring; (sth.)come to light , bring sth. to light (bring to light the defect of English =bring the defect of English to light 揭示英语的缺陷)7. similar改为different; 根据语境应该用different8. will改为would; 虚拟语气9. as impo

27、rtant去掉as; 10. the part去掉the或者改the为a be/become/form (a) part of 是固定短语2009年 The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passesfrom one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)_between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse, learntin early childhood, is

28、 not usually passed on again when thelittle listener(2)_has grown up, and has children of their own, or even grandchildren. (3)_The period between learning a nursery rhyme and transmittingit may be something from twenty to seventy years. Withthe playground (4)_lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excited

29、ly passedon within the very hour(5)_it is learnt; and in the general, it passesbetween children of the (6)_same age,or nearly so, since it is uncommon for the difference in agebetween playmates to be more than five years. If, therefore, a playgroundrhyme can be shown to have been currently for a hundred years, or (7)_even just for fifty, it follows that ithas been retransmitted over and over; very possibly it has passed along a chain of two or three (8)_hundred young hearers and tellers, and the wonder is that it remains live (9)_after so much h