中考初中宾语从句讲义含答案.docx

1、中考初中宾语从句讲义含答案中考初中宾语从句讲义（含答案）初中宾语从句：第一讲导入：（在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语） I kown the man. （而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语） I know that the man is a policeman The man is a policeman.1.基本概念 宾语：动作的承受者 从句：主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。 宾语从句：是主从复合句的一种。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语2.考试题型： 宾语

2、从句是中考的重点语法项目 ，其主要的考试形式出现在“选择填空和短文改错”中。3.引导词： (1)由从属连词that引导的宾语从句: e.g. I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 注：that 在句中无词义，在从句中不能充当句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。 (2)由疑问代词 who,whom,whose,which,what和疑问副词 where, when, why,how引导的宾语从句: e.g.1)Do you know whose book it is ?（谁的，作定语） 2)Could you tell me why the train i

3、s late? （为什么，作状语） 3)He asked who could answer the question.（谁，作主语） 注： 这些连词既有词义又充当句子成份。 (3)由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句:if/whether 引导宾语从句 表示“是否”之义，在句中不充当句子成份。e.g. I want to know if/whether she is right . They didnt know whether Tom could come back or not . I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He

4、asked me whether (if) I could help him.If 与whether 的区别（1）与or not 连用只能用whether Eg: I dont know _ he will come or not.（2）介词后只能用whether Eg: I dont care of _ he is handsome.（3）与to do 不定式连用只能用whether Eg: He wondered _ to stay here the next week.（4）当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导 Eg: _ he will come is not decided

5、. 三、宾语从句的语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。 I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to the zoo? Please tell me when well have the meeting.四、宾语从句种的时态变化I hear (that) Jim was ( be ) a worker two years ago. Jim is ( be ) an English teacher now . Jim wi

6、ll cook ( cook ) dinner tomorrow . Jim is singing ( sing )a popular song now. Jim has been ( be ) to the Great Wall twice . Jim was playing ( play ) basketball when his father came back. Jim had learned ( learn )1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester. He said what time it was. He told me tha

7、t he was preparing for the sports meet. He said that he would go back to the U.S.A. soon. He asked if you had written to Peter.He told me (that)summer is after Spring .I was told (that)the sun is much bigger than the moon.My parents told me (that)no news is good news.1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子

8、的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）一、三类词引导的宾语从句： 从属连词that 疑问词：8个“W”,1个“H” 从属连词whether/if二、宾语从句的语序三、宾语从句的时态1. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you A. if; Whether B. whether; W

9、hether C. if; That D. if; If2. I dont know _ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether hell come3. Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B.

10、what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended5. I want to know _. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after6. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live7. Do you know what time _? A. the train le

11、ave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves8. I dont know _. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are9. The small children dont know _. A. what is their stockings i

12、n B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings10. I cant understand _. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas meansII. 按要求转换句型。1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us?（改写句子） C

13、ould you tell us _ Mr. Brown _ living in China?2. Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（变为复合句） He asked me _ the girl _ some help3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子） _ Jim _Tom is a student.4. When does the train leave? I want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句） I want to know _ th

14、e train _.5. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用notuntil改写) They _ go home _ they had finished their homework6. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句) Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday.宾语从句专项训练参考答案：I. 15DDDCD 610ADDBDII. 1. ifwhether; enj

15、oys 2. ifwhether; needed 3. 二、英语书面表达专项训练2假如你是李华，你们学校准备组织学生本周五去北京世园会参观。你打算邀请外教 Peter参加。请用英语写一封电子邮件，告诉他集合的时间和地点，在那里可以做什么，以及参观时需要准备什么。提示词语： school gate, nature, culture, food and drink提示问题： When and where are you going to meet?What are you going to do there?What do you advise Peter to prepare for the v

16、isit?Dear Pete,How is it going?I am writing to invite you to visit Beijing International Horticulture Exposition in Yanqing._Im looking forward to your early reply.Yours, Li Hua【答案】Dear Peter，How is it going?I am writing to invite you to visit Beijing International Horticulture Exposition. We will m

17、eet at the school gate at 7:00 a.m. this Friday. Then we will go to Beijing International Horticulture Exposition together. We can do a lot of things there. We can not only enjoy the special and beautiful plants but also learn different cultures in various indoor or outdoor shows. We plan to stay th

18、ere for a whole day. Youd better wear a pair of comfortable sports shoes and take some food and drinks with you.Im looking forward to your early reply.Yours, Li Hua【解析】【详解】1. 题干解读：这是一篇给材料作文，属于应用文写作。本文已经给出了主要写作要点，动笔前要先认真阅读要点，写作中，应注意描述的全面性，尽量将提示的内容利用上；提示的问题就是写作的基本方向，然后围绕要点适当发挥即可。2. 例文点评：文章采取邮件格式，时态以一般

19、将来时态为主。语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，语言准确，语意连贯，表达清楚，具有逻辑性。3. 高分亮点：短语：school gate；invite sb. to do；a lot of；plan to do。句型：not onlybut also；Youd better ；Im looking forward to。3马上要初中毕业了，大家都是依依不舍的。班主任决定在下周举办一场“My Life At School” 主题 班会 , 邀请全班同学参加。请你根据以下提示，写一篇发言稿。美好的回忆1.与同学融洽相处； 2.得到老师的帮助；3.获得交换生机会； 4.参加志愿者活动。不开心的事情1.好朋

20、友李华转学； 2.不擅长语文写作。未来展望1. 升上理想的学校；2. 能结识更多朋友；3. 请你补充(至少两点)My Life At SchoolHow time flies! Its unbelievable that Im going to graduate from my beloved school. 【答案】My Life At SchoolHow time flies! Its unbelievable that Im going to graduate from my beloved school. There are many things to remember. In th

21、e junior school, I got along well with my classmates. The teachers are very friendly and they are ready to help me. The most unforgettable thing is that I got a chance of becoming an exchange students and spent two months in Australia. I learned a lot from the experience. I also remember I served as

22、 volunteer to help others. Certainly, there were also unhappy things. My good friend Li Hua went to another school. I was very sad. Luckily, we kept in touch with each other through emails. Besides, I was not good at Chinese writing. I hope I can go to a dream school and make more new friends. I als

23、o wish I can do better in all subjects when I am in high school and can go to a good college.【解析】【详解】这篇作文要求我们以My Life At School为题，写一篇发言稿。题目中利用表格的形式，展示了文章的具体内容，学生们可以此为提纲进行写作。审题可知，这篇短文应主要使用一般现在时和一般过去时，注意根据表达需要使用正确时态，并注意谓语动词的正确形式。内容应主要包括三部分：首先是初中三年里的美好回忆；然后是不开心的事情；最后展望自己未来的高中生活。表格中有非常具体的提示，但不能逐词翻译表格中的短

24、语，应把他们变成自己的话，并用英语表达出来。写作时应注意：文章中应包括表格中的所有信息，不能遗漏要点；第三部分的内容中还需要自己发挥想象力进行补充，注意应合情合理，与上文很好地衔接。另外注意句式结构要符合英语的表达习惯，用完整的句子表达。句式结构可以简单句为基础，穿插并列句、复合句以及其他复杂句式的使用，提升作文档次。同时语句之间使用适当的连接成分，使文意连贯、自然。【点睛】这是一篇优秀的作文，短文作者根据题目要求，回忆了自己的初中生活，并展望了未来。短文有以下几个特点：首先文章内容完整，结构清晰。短文分三段，第一段基本是题目中给出的开头，作者使用一句话引出下文；第二段是主体，介绍了过去美好的

25、回忆以及不开心的事情；最后一段对未来进行了展望。各部分内容安排合理，有层次、有条理。其次短文中使用了正确的时态和人称，语法规范，用词准确，注意了动词正确形式的变化。句式结构完整，符合英语的表达习惯。语言准确、得体，表达自然、流畅。短文中使用了丰富的句型和短语，如The teachers are very friendly and they are ready to help me. The most unforgettable thing is that I got a chance of becoming an exchange students and spent two months i

26、n Australia.Luckily, we kept in touch with each other through emails. Besides, I was not good at Chinese writing.I also wish I can do better in all subjects when I am in high school and can go to a good college.等。4书面表达共享单车为我们的生活带来了极大的便利。假设你是红星中学九年级学生李华，你的美国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国最新出现的一种共享单车“mobike”很感兴趣，并请你做个简要介绍。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：1. 这种单车的使用方法（如：APP查看车辆、扫码开锁等）；2. 这种单车的优势；3. 你对这种单车的看法。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：智能手机smartphone；扫码scan the QR code；交通工具a means of transportation。Dear Jim,Im siting to tell you more about the new form of sharing bike-mobike mentioned in your latest letter. _