上海牛津英语8A8B笔记.docx

1、上海牛津英语8A8B笔记8A、8B英语笔记整理8AUnit1 Aletterfromapenfriendrelatewith=aboutambition志向（averystrongwish）enclosebad-worse-worstill-worse-worstbadly-worseworstowner(n.)拥有者 own(a./v.)1.Whatwouldyouliketodo?Wouldlike/lovetodo=wanttodo想要做e.g.Wouldyoulike/lovetoYes,Idliketo/loveto,but(理由)2.tellsb.sth.about告诉某人关于的一

2、些事e.g.IdliketotellyousomethingaboutmytripinHong Kong.3.oneandahalfmeterstall.1.5米(or)onemeterandahalf1.5米fourandahalfkilos(or)fourkilosandahalf用“数词+单位+形容词”来表示身高，体重，长度，宽度，年龄等e.g.Thissuitcaseis80cmlong,55cmwide,5cmhigh.长宽高4.限定词（this,that）数词（two）性质（beautiful,ugly）尺寸大小（bid）长短（long,short）形状（round,triangl

3、e）新旧或年龄（old,young）颜色（red,blue）国籍(产地)（Chinese）材料（wooden,leather）状语（shining,glowing）5.oneshobbyisdoingsth.习惯性，经常onesambition（wish/hope/duty/responsibility/job）+be+todosth.除了hobby，其余全用“todosth.”e.g.(1)Hisjobatthemomentistolookafterthehomelesspeople.(2)Theirdutyistokeepthewholebuildingclean.(3)Todayshom

4、eworkistocopythenewword.6.own.(v.)拥有，占有=have，但own更强调物品的归属为某人自己。e.g.(1)Mr.Smithownsacar.(2)Mr.Smithhashisowncar.(3)Mr.Smithhasacarofhisown.7.bekeenon=likeverymuch=beinterestedin=befondof(特别)喜欢，渴望，热衷于.bekeenon+名词or动名词(doing)e.g.Heiskeenonplayingfootball.bekeenon动名词make+it+adj.+forsb./sth+todosth.使得做某事

5、变得8.(1.)enjoy+doing/n.enjoyoneself=enjoyonestime=haveagoodtime(2.)playchessplayfootballplaycardsplaythepianotheviolintheguitarplay+ballgames/chess/cardsplay+the+musicalinstrument音乐器材前加“the”9.physics物理physical(a.)物理的，身体的aphysicsteacher/lab/homeworkaphysicalchange/physicaleducation(PE)10.maybe/maybe1)

6、Heismaybeathomeperhaps如果原句有动词，maybe2)Hemaybeathome如果原句无动词，maybe(情态动词)11.1)enclose(v.)附寄2)aphotoofmyself强调照片有我不等于aphotoofmine等于aphotoofme12.反义疑问句陈述句（肯），动词（否定）主语的代词？陈述句（否），动词（肯定）主语的代词？例：1).Iamlate,arentI?2).Thereislittlewaterinthebottle,isthere?3).Therearefewstudentsinthehall,arethere?4).Youcouldhardl

7、ybelievethat,couldyou?5).Herarely/seldomgoestothecinema,doeshe?6).Letsgoswimming,shallwe?7).Letusgoswimming,willyou?8).Dontbelatenexttime,willyou?祈使句的反义疑问句除“Letsshallwe?”之外，其余用willyou。little/few/hardly/rarely/seldom否定词（反义部分用肯定）13.hope的用法比较特殊，可以说hopetodo，但不能说hopesb.todo，这是可以用hope+(that)从句的结构来表示。Hope后

8、不可以加todo只有wishsb.todotrain(v.)training(n.)培训，训练dowellin=begoodatworkout猜出，squash壁球highheight身高heavyweight（n.）weigh（v.）8AUnit2WhizzKid1.expect(v.)expectsth./sb.e.g.(1.)Farmersexpectagoodharvest.(2.)Illexpectyouforsupperat6p.m.sharpexpecttodosth./expectsb.todosth.e.g.(1.)Heexpectstofinishtheprojectina

9、week(2.)Doyouexpectmetostayforanotherweek?expectthat（从句）2.businessC公司*startanewbusinessU生意*HewenttoBeijingonbusiness(gotoonbusiness出差)Howisyourbusiness?Quitgood.*Althoughheismyfriend,businessisbusiness(公事公办)businessmanbusinessmenbusinesswomanbusinesswomen3.similar(a.)类似的besimilarto和差不多4.different(a.

10、)不同的bedifferentfrom与不同differently(ad.)不同的differenceCU不同之处e.g.(1.)Teenagersalwaysthinkthattheirparentsdifferentopinionsfromthem.(2.)Canyoutellmethedifferencebetweenthetwowords?(3.)Infact,thesetwobooksarequitesimilar.Youcanchooseeitherofthem.(eitheror)5.successful(a.)成功的successfully(ad.)成功地success(n.)

11、成功agreatsuccesssucceed(v.)成功succeedin+n.(doing)Heisasuccessfulwriter.Hehassuccessfulpublishedmorethan20novels.Lastmonthhesucceededinholdinghisfirstpaintingshow.Nowondersomanypeopleadmirehisgreatsuccess.6.mustbe把握程度强（肯定是）e.g.Afteradayshardwork,youmustbetired.否定式cantbe（不可能是）e.g.Hecantbeathomenow.Becau

12、seheisonabusinesstrip.7.oneofthe(1.) Thisisoneofthemostexpensivedressesinourshop.(2.) Yesterdaywasoneifthecoldestdaysoftheyear.(3.) Oneofthelongestriversintheworldliesinthiscountry.oneof+最高级+名词复词top表示顶级的，不用最高级8. puton(wear)(1.)Itsraininghardoutside,youdbetterputonyourcoat.(2.)Janeiswearinganewdress.

13、wear已经穿上puton指动作9.一般现在时Meaning1)经常性的习惯动作：Wendyalwaystalksaboutbusinessoverbreakfast.2)自然界中的客观事实或真理：Thesunrisesintheesat.3)表示人的心理活动或表示客观属性的动词：believe/love/hate/belongto/contain*Thebookcontainssixchapters.Seructure:主语I,you,we,they一律动词原形.(否)dont+动原.单三he,she,it动词后加s或es.(否)doesnt+动原.TimeAdverbials:always

14、,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,rarely,never10.luckily(adv.)lucky(adj.)幸运的【反】unluckily不幸的unlucky(adj.)uck(n.)运气1)Youareluckenoughtogetthefirstprize.2)Fourisusuallyregardedasa(an)unluckynumber.3)Luckily,shewasathomewhenIcalledonher.4)Tomwasupset,becausehehadbadluckallweek.11.sell(v.)(sold,sold)卖sale(

15、n)卖sales(n./a.)销售的asalesmanager1)Thesoldoutalltheticketsby5p.m.2)Imsorrysir.Thisvaseisnotforsale.(beforsale可以买卖的)3)Igotthiscoatonsale,itsverycheap.(beonsale打折)12.manager(n.)/manage(v.)管理mangetodosth.=succeedindoing=beabletodo1)Itsrainingheavily.Hetiredtogetthereontime.2)Itsrainingheavily.Hemanagedto

16、getthereontime.做到了13.beresponsiblefor对负责responsible(a.)负责responsibility(n.)责任*Teacherwouldliketogivetheworktothoseresponsiblestudents.14.discuss(v.)-talkoven(about)sth.讨论discussion(n.)Letsdiscusstodayswork.=Letshaveadiscussionabouttodayswork.discussaboutsth.可以说haveadiscussionaboutsth.15.overbreakfas

17、t=during/atbreakfast16.gotoschoolinourfamilycar.bycarbuybusbytrain只跟交通工具17.makephonecallsto18.onthewayto/ononeswayto在去的路上。home,here,there不+to19.butsomeoftheworkisboringboring(a.)-(sth.)bored(a.)-(sb.)20.achievegradein21.Ineverfailanexam.fair(v.)失败fairtodosth.=benotabletodo未能成failure(n.)失败Failureisth

18、emotherofsuccess.Hefailedtopasstheexam,didnthe?Hewasunhappytoday,wasnthe?fair=notpass1)Hefailedtheexam.Hedidntpasstheexam.2)Hefailedtopasstheexam.Hewasntabletopasstheexam.22.Thedrivercollectsmefromschool.collectsb.=picksb.up接送某人23.returnto(1.)Afterthemeeting,hereturnedtothefactory.(2.)Youdbetterretu

19、rnthebookstothelibrarybeforeFriday.returnto-come/gobackto返回givebackto归还24.attendaclub/attendschool/attendameeting/alecturejointhearmy/thedancinggroup/thepartytakepartinafootballmatch/awritingcontestattend强调出席，人到场了join加入某长期的组织或团体，成为其中一员takepartin参加某个具体的活动或比赛25.assist(v.)-helpassistant(n.)-helper26.co

20、ntinue(v.)(1.)continuedoingsth=goondoing=keepdoing(2.)workon介词on在这里表示“某方向”27.seldom(adv.)-notoften,rarely几乎很少，几乎不(1.)Hesseldomlateforschool,ishe?(2.)ItseldomsnowsinShanghai,doesntit?28.need做情态动词，只能用于否定或疑问句，后只跟动词原形*Youneedntcleanmyoffice*NeedIcleanyouoffice?need用于肯定句，要用行为动词need：后跟名词或动词todo形式1)Heneeds

21、alotofmoneytobuildthehouse.Hedoesntneedalotofmoneytobuildthehouse.Doseheneedalotofmoneytobuildthehouse.Whatdoesheneedtobuildthehouse?2)Theyneededtothinkitover./(Theydidntneedtothinkitover)Didtheyneedtothinkitover?Whatdidtheyneedtodo?Tomdoesntneedtogotherebyhimself.Sheneedstoraisesomemoneytodothispro

22、ject.Theoldladyneedsgoodmedicalcame.29.spend,cost,pay,take,buy区别sb.spendmoney/timeonsth.(in)doingsth.sth.costsb.moneysb.paymoney+forsth.Ittake(s)sb.time+todotooksb.buy+sth.+for+money.1)Shespent2hoursfinishingthiswork.Ittookshe2hourstofinishthiswork.2)Hespend50yuanonthebook.Thebookcosthe50yuan.Hepay5

23、0yuanforthebook.Hebuythebookfor50yuan.8AUnit3Dealingwithtrouble1.dealv.(dealt,dealt)Dealwithsth./sb.处理*Howdoyoudealwiththetrouble/oldbooks?*Whatdoyoudowiththeoldbooks?2.happenv.发生，碰巧*Afunnythinghappenedyesterday.1)Sth.happentosb.某人发生了某事Didyouhearwhathappenedtopeteryesterday?2)happentodosth.碰巧，不巧做了某事

24、Ihappenedtoseehimyesterday.*happen（偶然发生）takeplace（经安排后发生）Whendidtheexplosionhappen?Whenwilltheweddingtakeplace?*Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthelastthreeyears.（引导现在完成时）3.keepquiet*Theyarehavinganimportantmeeting.Letsgoupstairsquietlysonobodywillnoticeus.4.waitv.waitfor*Whoareyouwaitingfor?*Theyarewai

25、tingfortheirteacher.waiter/waitress5.suddenlyadv.suddenadj.*Weareallsurprisedathissuddendeath.6.arguev.争吵，争论(argued,argued,arguing)*Listen,theyarearguingloudly.Arguewithsb.Argueaboutsth.*PeterarguedwithMaryaboutthebestplaceforaholiday.Argumentn.争论，论据，论点*Theyhadalongargumentabouttheissue.*argument,di

26、sagreement,arrangement,management,achievement,movement,excitement7.twowomentourists/twomendoctorstwogirlstudents/twoboystudentstwofemaleelephants/twomalelionstwoappletrees只有以man、woman构成的复合名词在变成复数时，前后两个名词都要变为复数。8.holdv.(held,held)holdout伸出，端出/holdameeting开会/holdup举起/holdon（电话）别挂断/holdonesbreath屏住呼吸9.

27、crowdn,人群crowdedadj.1)Isawacrowdofpeoplerunningaroundthebuilding2)Therewerecrowdsofpeopleatthetheatre.3)Weshouldtakecareofourbelongingsincrowdedplaces.4)NajingRoadWalkWayisoneofthemostcrowdedstreetinShanghai.5)Thehalliscrowdedwithaudience.10.starev./n.盯，凝视(stared,stared,staring)stareatsb.盯着某人看1)Itsr

28、udetostareatotherpeople.2)Theteacherstareatsomestudentsiftheyareabsent-minded.11.goon发生，继续1)Whatsgoingon?=Whatshappening?2)Ifhegoesonlikethis,hewilllosehisjob.3)Althoughitwaslateatnight,hewasstillgoingonwatchingTV.4)Theywentonwiththeirdiscussionuntil9p.m.*goonwith+n.12.movethroughthecrowdacrosstheri

29、verthroughthecityacrosstheroadthroughtheforestacrossthepipethroughthetunnelthrough指从某个物体的内部空间通过，贯穿。Across指从某个物体的表面穿过13.stealv.(stole,stolen,stealing)*Shewantedtostealmoneyfromhisfathersdrawer.*rob(robbed)robsth.ofsb.robbery/robber14.noticev.注意Inoticedthathestolethepurseatthewoman.Inoticedhimwaitingh

30、imoutside.(noticesb.doing)Inoticedhimentertheroom.(noticesb.do)noticen.通知，布告thenoticeonthewallnoticeboard15.Wewereinthebookstore,buyingpostcards.*Manyparentsstoodoutsidetheschoolgate,waitingfortheirchildren.*Theboysatthere,crying.*Helayonthebed,thinkingabouttheproblem.现在分词作为伴随动词，补充当时状态16.followv.*YougofirstandIwillfollowyoulater.followadj.=next接着*Thechildwassickintheevening,butonthefollowingdayheseemedtobewellagain.17.hurryv.赶快(hurried,hurried,hurrying)*Donthurry,wearen