TED演讲【我们所说的贫穷不一定是真实的】20160227【内含中英文对照演讲稿】.pdf.pdf

1、For the last 50 years,a lot of smart,well-resourced people-some of you,no doubt-have been trying to figure out how to reduce poverty in the United States.People have created and invested millions of dollars into non-profit organizations with the mission of helping people who are poor.在过去的五十年里，许多聪明且足

2、智多谋者，无疑也包括部分在座的各位，都在尝试如何减少 美国的贫困人口。人们创造并投资上百万美金 投入到那些 以帮助穷人为宗旨的非盈利机构。Theyve created think tanks that study issues like education,job creation and asset-building,and then advocated for policies to support our most marginalized communities.Theyve written books and columns and given passionate speeches

3、,decrying the wealth gap that is leaving more and more people entrenched at the bottom end of the income scale.And that effort has helped.But its not enough.Our poverty rates havent changed that much in the last 50 years,since the War on Poverty was launched.Im here to tell you that we have overlook

4、ed the most powerful and practical resource.Here it is:people who are poor.他们组建了智囊团，以研究例如教育、创造就业和资产形成等问题，以及倡导扶持最边缘群体的政策。他们写了各类的书籍和专栏，做了各种激动人心的演讲，来谴责贫富差距 正在使越来越多的人 陷入收入等级的最底层。这些努力有所成效，但远远不够。自向贫困宣战起（美国总统林登约翰逊于 1964 年提出），五十年来 我们的贫困率并无太多改变。在这里我想告诉你们 我们忽视了那份最强大 和最有实效的资源。那就是：贫困人群本身。Up in the left-hand cor

5、ner is Jobana,Sintia and Bertha.They met when they all had small children,through a parenting class at a family resource center in San Francisco.As they grew together as parents and friends,they talked a lot about how hard it was to make money when your kids are little.Child care is expensive,more t

6、han theyd earn in a job.Their husbands worked,but they wanted to contribute financially,too.图中上左手边的是 乔巴娜、辛西娅和柏莎.在孩子还小的时候，她们在旧金山一个 家庭互助中心的育儿班 里相互认识了。她们一同成长 作为孩子的母亲和彼此的朋友，聊得最多的就是孩子还小的时候 赚钱的艰辛。孩子的保育很昂贵，远远超过了她们工作赚的钱，她们的丈夫们都有工作，但她们也想为家中的财务状况 做点贡献。So they hatched a plan.They started a cleaning business.Th

7、ey plastered neighborhoods with flyers and handed business cards out to their families and friends,and soon,they had clients calling.Two of them would clean the office or house and one of them would watch the kids.Theyd rotate whod cleaned and whod watch the kids.(Laughs)Its awesome,right?于是她们萌生了一个计

8、划。她们展开了一项清洁业务。她们在邻里各处贴传单，给亲戚朋友们发名片，很快，就有顾客给她们来电。她们中两人去给办公室 或房子做清洁，另一个人照看孩子。她们轮流做清洁和看护的工作。（笑声）这很棒，对吧？And they split the money three ways.It was not a full-time gig,no one could watch the little ones all day.But it made a difference for their families.Extra money to pay for bills when a husbands work

9、hours were cut.Money to buy the kids clothes as they were growing.A little extra money in their pockets to make them feel some independence.然后她们平分所赚的钱。这不是一个全天的工作，没人会一整天都在看孩子。但这给她们的家庭 带来了巨大的变化。当丈夫的工作时间被削减时，她有了额外的钱去支付账单。也有钱可以为正在正大的 宝贝们买新衣服。她们口袋里的这点外快 也让她们感到更加独立。02:33 Up in the top-right corner is Ther

10、esa and her daughter,Brianna.Brianna is one of those kids with this sparkly,infectious,outgoing personality.For example,when Rosie,a little girl who spoke only Spanish,moved in next door,Brianna,who spoke only English,borrowed her mothers tablet and found a translation app so the two of them could c

11、ommunicate.右上角是特丽萨和 她的女儿布里安娜.布里安娜是那样一个 外向的孩子，活泼而富有感染力。例如，当罗西，一个只会讲西班牙语的小女孩儿 搬来隔壁的时候，只懂英语的布里安娜，借来妈妈的平板电脑，装上了一款翻译软件，这样她们俩就能够交流了。I know,right?Rosies family credits Brianna with helping Rosie to learn English.很有意思，对吧？罗西的家人赞扬 布里安娜帮助罗西学习英语。A few years ago,Brianna started to struggle academically.She was g

12、rowing frustrated and kind of withdrawn and acting out in class.And her mother was heartbroken over what was happening.Then they found out that she was going to have to repeat second grade and Brianna was devastated.Her mother felt hopeless and overwhelmed and alone because she knew that her daughte

13、r was not getting the support she needed,and she did not know how to help her.One afternoon,Theresa was catching up with a group of friends,and one of them said,Theresa,how are you?And she burst into tears.After she shared her story,one of her friends said,I went through the exact same thing with my

14、 son about a year ago.And in that moment,Theresa realized that so much of her struggle was not having anybody to talk with about it.So she created a support group for parents like her.The first meeting was her and two other people.But word spread,and soon 20 people,30 people were showing up for thes

15、e monthly meetings that she put together.She went from feeling helpless to realizing how capable she was of supporting her daughter,with the support of other people who were going through the same struggle.And Brianna is doing fantastic-shes doing great academically and socially.几年前，布里安娜在学习上遇到了问题。她感

16、觉很挫败、变得沉默寡言 还在课堂上开小差。她的母亲对此十分伤心。当她们发现她不得不重修二年级课程时，布里安娜崩溃了。她的母亲倍感绝望，她不知所措，孤立无援。因为她知道女儿没有得到应有的帮助，并且她不知道要如何帮助她。有一天下午，特丽萨跟自己的朋友们聚会，其中一个朋友说“特丽萨，你好吗？”然后她的眼泪夺眶而出。在她讲完自己的故事后，一个朋友告诉她：“一年前，我和我的儿子也有过同样的经历。”在那一瞬间，特丽萨认识到她之所以痛楚 是因为没有人能够与之倾诉。于是她为跟她一样的父母们 创立了一个互助会。第一次会面时 只有她跟另外两个人。但随着口耳相传，很快就有 20 人，30 人 来到了她组织的每月一次

17、 的会面中来。她从无助的边缘 到慢慢意识到自己 能够帮助女儿，都来源于那些与她一样 面对着此类问题的父母们的支持。现在布里安娜变得极其出色，她在学业和社交上都做的很棒。That in the middle is my man Baakir,standing in front of BlackStar Books and Caffe,which he runs out of part of his house.As you walk in the door,Baakir greets you with a Welcome black home.中间这个是我的朋友贝吉尔,他正站在黑星咖啡书屋的门口

18、，那是他用自己房子的一部分开设的。当你走进门的时候，贝吉尔会招呼说：“欢迎光临黑人之家。”Once inside,you can order some Algiers jerk chicken,perhaps a vegan walnut burger,or jive turkey sammich.And thats sammich-not sandwich.You must finish your meal with a buttermilk drop,which is several steps above a donut hole and made from a very secret

19、family recipe.For real,its very secret,he wont tell you about it.当你进去后，可以点一些阿尔及尔烤鸡，也可以点一个素食核桃汉堡，或者是火鸡超赞三明治。不是普通三明治 而是超好吃三明治。餐点的最后一道一定是乳酪酥，几颗酪乳酥垒在甜甜圈洞上，它制作工艺为祖传秘方。讲真的，这秘方非常神秘，他不会告诉你的。But BlackStar is much more than a caf.For the kids in the neighborhood,its a place to go after school to get help with

20、 homework.For the grown-ups,its where they go to find out whats going on in the neighborhood and catch up with friends.Its a performance venue.Its a home for poets,musicians and artists.Baakir and his partner Nicole,with their baby girl strapped to her back,are there in the mix of it all,serving up

21、a cup of coffee,teaching a child how to play Mancala,or painting a sign for an upcoming community event.但黑星不仅仅是咖啡厅。对于附近的孩子们来说，放学后他们可以在这里 做家庭作业。对于成年人来说，在这里他们可以 了解到邻里的新鲜事，以及和朋友们聚会。这是个表演场所，是诗人、音乐家以及艺术者的家 贝吉尔和他的妻子妮科尔，她的背上还背着他们的小女儿，就在那里料理着一切，例如泡咖啡，教孩子下非洲棋（一种非洲古老的游戏），或者为一个即将到来的社区活动 刷漆装饰。I have worked with

22、 and learned from people just like them for more than 20 years.I have organized against the prison system,which impacts poor folks,especially black,indigenous and Latino folks,at an alarming rate.I have worked with young people who manifest hope and promise,despite being at the effect of racist disc

23、ipline practices in their schools,and police violence in their communities.I have learned from families who are unleashing their ingenuity and tenacity to collectively create their own solutions.And theyre not just focused on money.Theyre addressing education,housing,health,community-the things that

24、 we all care about.Everywhere I go,I see people who are broke but not broken.I see people who are struggling to realize their good ideas,so that they can create a better life for themselves,their families,their communities.Jobana,Sintia,Bertha,Theresa and Baakir are the rule,not the shiny exception.

25、I am the exception.我与这些人一起工作 并学习他们的优点 超过 20 年之久。我组织了反对监狱系统的活动，这对贫困人群有很大的影响，尤其是在黑人，土著和拉丁裔 影响惊人。我曾与一群满怀希望与憧憬 的年轻人一起共事，尽管他们在学校 受到种族主义者的歧视，或在社区里受到警察的暴力对待。一些家庭让我受益良多，他们正在施展着创造力和毅力 以此来共同创造他们出路，并且他们不仅仅专注于赚钱，他们致力于教育、家庭、健康、社区，等这些我们都共同关注的领域。我所到之处，看到人们虽然贫困却不潦倒。我也看到了那些努力奋斗 来实现自己美好理想，所以他们能给自己、给家庭、给社区 创造出更好地生活。乔巴

26、娜、辛西娅、柏莎、特丽萨和贝吉尔 都只是其中一员，而非闪耀的个例。我才是个例外。I was raised by a quietly fierce single mother in Rochester,New York.I was bussed to a school in the suburbs,from a neighborhood that many of my classmates and their parents considered dangerous.At eight,I was a latchkey kid.Id get myself home after school eve

27、ry day and do homework and chores,and wait for my mother to come home.After school,Id go to the corner store and buy a can of Chef Boyardee ravioli,which Id heat up on the stove as my afternoon snack.If I had a little extra money,Id buy a Hostess Fruit Pie.我自幼在纽约的罗切斯特 由严厉的单亲妈妈抚养成人。我每天都从社区里乘公共汽车 去往位于

28、郊区的学校，而我的很多同学和他们的父母 都觉得这样上学很危险。八岁的时候，我成了挂钥匙儿童。每天放学我都自己回家，然后做作业、做家务，然后等着妈妈回家。放学后，我会到家附近的商店去 买一罐 Chef Boyardee 意大利水饺，放在烤炉里热一下，就成了我的午后点心。如果我得到一些零钱，我会买一个“女主人水果派”Cherry.Not as good as a buttermilk drop.樱桃做的。不如酪乳酥好吃。We were poor when I was a kid.But now,I own a home in a quickly gentrifying neighborhood i

29、n Oakland,California.Ive built a career.My husband is a business owner.I have a retirement account.My daughter is not even allowed to turn on the stove unless theres a grown-up at home and she doesnt have to,because she does not have to have the same kind of self-reliance that I had to at her age.My

30、 kids raviolis are organic and full of things like spinach and ricotta,because I have the luxury of choice when it comes to what my children eat.小的时候，我们家很穷。但现在，我的家在 加州奥克兰大 一个快速中产阶级化的社区中。我有了自己的事业，而我的丈夫是个企业主。我有一个退休账户。我的女儿甚至禁止开烤箱 除非家中有大人在 而她其实不需要那么做，因为她不需要有像我小时候那样 有独立自主能力。我的孩子们吃天然有机的意大利水饺，全是菠菜和意大利干酪之类的

31、馅儿。因为我有能力选择奢侈一些的食物 给我的孩子们吃 I am the exception,not because Im more talented than Baakir or my mother worked any harder than Jobana,Sintia or Bertha,or cared any more than Theresa.Marginalized communities are full of smart,talented people,hustling and working and innovating,just like our most revered

32、and most rewarded CEOs.They are full of people tapping into their resilience to get up every day,get the kids off to school and go to jobs that dont pay enough,or get educations that are putting them in debt.They are full of people applying their savvy intelligence to stretch a minimum wage paycheck

33、,or balance a job and a side hustle to make ends meet.They are full of people doing for themselves and for others,whether its picking up medication for an elderly neighbor,or letting a sibling borrow some money to pay the phone bill,or just watching out for the neighborhood kids from the front stoop.我是那个例外，不是因为我比贝吉尔更有才能，也不是因为我的母亲比乔巴娜，辛西娅和柏莎更努力工作，更不是因为她比特丽萨更关心我。边缘社区充斥着聪明 而有天赋的人们，他们奔忙着，工作着以及创新着。就像那些