常用材料的热物性参数.docx

1、常用材料的热物性参数表1 各种金属的热物性值金 属温 度 C比 热cal/(g C)导热系数cal/(cms C)密度 (g/cm3)液相线、固相线温度( C)纯 铁25200400769800100015000.1070.1240.1450.3580.2300.1480.1800.1920.1520.1200.0740.0710.0700.032 =7.88(20 C) =7.3(1500 C) =7.0(1600 C)镇静钢(C0.08%)020040080012000.1120.1240.1420.2300.1580.1420.1280.1070.0680.071 =7.86(15 C)

2、软 钢(C0.23%)020040080012000.1120.1240.1420.2280.1580.1240.1160.1020.0620.071 =7.86(15 C)碳素结构钢(S35C)252004008000.1110.1250.1340.2850.1030.0950.0790.078中碳钢(C0.4%)020040080012000.1120.1220.1400.1480.1560.1240.1150.1000.0590.071 =7.85(15 C)共析钢(C0.8%)020040080012000.1080.1280.1440.1460.1600.1190.1080.0910

3、.0580.072 =7.85(15 C)工具钢(C1.2%)02004008000.1080.1300.1420.1560.1030.1020.0890.057 =7.83(15 C)12000.1560.068续表1 各种金属的热物性值金 属温 度 C 比 热cal/(g C)导热系数cal/(cms C)密度 (g/cm3)液相线、固相线温度( C)Si2%钢020040080012000.1200.1260.1440.3260.1600.0600.0720.0740.0600.070 =7.73(15 C)Ts=1488TL=1497Cr1%钢2020040080012000.1140

4、.1240.1420.2060.1460.1060.0920.0620.072 =7.84(15 C)TS=1420TL=1520不锈钢(AISI 420)2020040080012000.1140.1190.1460.2140.1360.0530.0550.0580.0640.069 =7.7(15 C)13.1Cr,0.5NiTS=1399TL=1454不锈钢(AISI 304)020040080012000.1180.1280.1360.1540.1600.0350.0430.0500.0630.0761820Cr,812NiTS=1399TL=1454过共晶灰口铸铁2020040080

5、0900（0.128）（0.134）（0.140）（0.168）（0.173）0.1540.1240.0940.0710.053 =7.0(15 C)比热相对于普通铸铁共晶灰口铸铁2020040080012000.1860.1410.1040.0700.036球墨铸铁2020040080010000.1190.1010.0870.0720.0510.041 =7.1(15 C)金 属温 度 C比 热cal/(g C)导热系数cal/(cms C)密度 (g/cm3)液相线、固相线温度( C)白口铸铁2020040080012000.0450.0510.0530.0470.048 =7.57.8

6、(15 C)纯铜20200600100012000.0920.0930.1060.1150.9560.9310.8740.803 =8.92TS=TL=1083Cu90%Al10%2020060010000.1050.1110.1240.1360.1220.1560.2330.310TS=1030TL=1042Cu70%Zn30%202006009000.0940.1000.1130.1230.2670.3490.3590.367TS=915TL=955 Cu60%Zn40%202006009000.0920.0970.1080.1160.3020.3460.3610.334TS=900TL=

7、905Cu70%Ni30%2020060010000.0930.1010.1120.1230.0690.0880.1300.172TS=1170TL=1240Cu60%Ni40%202006000.1010.1050.1150.0560.0740.113TS=1227TL=1280100012000.1250.1300.1520.172纯铝202005006600.2150.2350.2680.2860.5650.5700.5290.508 s=2.70(15 C)TS=TM=660.2Al-Cu4.5%202005000.2100.2290.2610.4490.4490.461TS=502T

8、L=638金 属温 度 C 比 热cal/(g C)导热系数cal/(cms C)密度 (g/cm3)液相线、固相线温度( C)AlMg8%202004005000.2180.2380.2600.2710.1990.2860.3820.431TS=540TL=625纯镁202004006500.2460.2630.2880.3250.3730.3620.3530.346 s=1.74TL=TS=651Mg94.7Zn4.6 Zr0.7(相当于MC6)202004005490.2420.2640.3030.3410.2610.2960.3190.324TS=549TL=641Mg90.2Al9Z

9、n0.6Mn0.2(相当于MC2)202004004680.2350.2610.2910.3000.0510.0560.0620.063TS=468TL=616Inconel X(73Ni,15Cr,7Fe,2.5Ti,1Nb)2020060010000.1030.1150.1330.1970.0280.0350.0520.069 s=6.09TS=1395TL=1427耐盐酸镍基合金C600100012000.1260.1530.1670.0460.0700.074TS=1270TL=1305表2 铸型的热物性计算公式No视在物性值计算公式备注1浇注合金：铸铁硅砂干型，呋喃铸型2浇注合金：铸

10、铝硅砂干砂，呋喃铸型3浇注合金：铸钢硅砂干型4浇注合金：铸钢硅砂呋喃铸型5硅砂6橄榄石砂7锆砂8铬砂9硅砂，干型，呋喃铸型600 C以下0.385 0.4940.0058DP0.03790.03W0.0710硅砂，干型 c由No9的公式求得 浇注合金：铸钢硅砂，呋喃铸型浇注合金：铸钢11硅砂，膨润土7%，水分4%=1.5212硅砂=1.7313橄榄石砂，膨润土5.9%，水分3.3 %=1.8314铬砂膨润土3.9%,水分 2.1%=2.7815锆砂，膨润土3.8%,水分2.1=2.78表3 流动临界固相率 合 金 临界固相率 文 献 备 考Al-Si2.4% Si6.2%Al-Si3%0.66

11、0.78084考虑了浓化后决定固相率Al-Cu5.5%Al-Mg13.8%85根据浓度实测值和杠杆定律算出固相率Al-Cu4.5%0.850.8786用谢依尔公式算出固相率AC2BAl-Si9%-Cu4%0.5(金属型)0.3(砂型)8789用谢依尔公式算出固相率Fe-C0.65%铜0.6980球墨铸铁0.7588没有说明数据的明确依据Al-4.5%Cu0.84(自由凝固)根据实测，Vc=0.032 C/sCu-8%SnCu-8%Sn-0.5%SiCu-8%Sn-2%Fe0.8 0.75 (自由凝固)0.8根据固相率与流过细管道的液体量测出,冷速Vc=0.03 C/sCu-8%Sn 0.430

12、.44(金属型，型温373 C)根据固相率与流过细管道的液体量测出铸 钢 0.65未说明依据铸钢，不锈钢 0.70未说明依据表4 部分砂型热物性数据表型 砂 组 成 (cal/s.cm. C)10-2 C(cal/g C) (g/cm3) 说 明石英砂石 英 砂 0.0550.1390.1260.3101.6581.700515 C900 C，粒度50/100“干 砂”0.0780.1911.500未表明者为常温，下同“湿 砂”0.2710.5031.650石 英 砂0.1120.3630.1910.2811.776 黄 砂0.0670.0821.5801.700 石 英 砂0.0960.33

13、60.120.4560.0720.360.0620.3620.1410.1810.1680.2880.1680.2880.1680.2881.940.1840.1810.2811.7301.6341.4581.6021.6781.46001300 C01300 C01300 C干燥砂，16.5 C含水4.9%，18.9 C01100，T 锆 锆0.1910.2510.1200.2102.83001100，砂 砂0.2230.3910.1300.2022.800T 0900 C铬铁矿砂 铬铁矿砂0.1250.2930.1510.2302.6000900 C水玻璃砂石英砂+5%水玻璃0.6142.

14、583铁浇注法，界面平均1143 C铬铁矿砂+水玻璃0.1390.165铬镁矿砂+水玻璃0.2030.2430.139钢浇注法钢浇注法石英砂+树脂钢浇注法石英砂+5%酚醛树脂0.1420.20228450 C石英砂+3%7%呋喃树脂0.1610.1370.2020.181.4801.63025550 C25550 C石英砂+2%呋喃树脂0.1220.231.480铝浇注法，666 C石英砂+1.5%呋喃树脂 0.1870.1920.2420.250.260.261.440.4401.550铁浇注法，1155 C钢浇注法，1155 C钢浇注法，1155 C石英砂+1.5%树脂0.26200.18

15、0.230.260.180.261.6301.440钢浇注法，1155 C钢浇注法铬铁矿砂+1%树脂 0.1610.212.900钢浇注法铬砂+树脂铬砂+1%呋喃树脂 0.230.2620.130.172.880钢浇注法常温1490 C树脂砂石英砂+6% 水 玻 璃0.230.230.2520.2521.4501.5701.3901.6101.610铝浇注法，界面平均660 C铝浇注法，界面平均660 C铁浇注法，界面平均1155 C铁浇注法，界面平均1155 C钢浇注法，界面平均1490 C 表5 典型金属材料的常温密度材 质密度(g/cm3)材 质密度(g/cm3)材 质密度(g/cm3)

16、钢碳素钢不锈钢高速钢7.807.908.208.80灰口铸铁(中碳，铁素体基体)可锻铸铁7.257.27铝合金铝硅合金硬铝ADC102.602.802.71铸铁灰口铸铁(高碳，铁素体基体)球墨铸铁8.807.10铜合金7-3 黄铜6-4 黄铜高强度黄铜8.508.408.30锌合金ZDC26.60镁合金1.80表6典型液体金属的物性值物 性 值低合金铸钢(1600 )普通铸铁(1400 C)纯 铝(700 C)纯 铜(1100 C) 纯 镁(700 C)液相线温度( C)14001530112311306601083851密度(g/cm3)6.807.006.506.902.351.901.5

17、8比热0.150.220.260.120.29导热系数40 (纯铁)-10017080凝固潜热(J.g-1)251268209268394204230凝固收缩率(%)34-0.80.56.54.24.2表面张力()17009209001300560粘度(mPa.s)6581.1241.2热辐射系数0.30.45(全辐射系数)0.30.45(全辐射系数)0.12(相对0.65 m 的波长)0.1(相对0.66 m的波长)-表示所给物性值的温度条件。表7 其它物质的热物性值物质名温度( C)比 热导热系数密度 (g/cm3)粘度 (Pa.s),其它cal.g-1. C-1cal.cm-1s-1 C

18、-1干燥空气氮氢水汽缸油石 膏石 棉混凝土玻璃纤维砂 岩杉树条硅 砖锆 砖镁 砖渣渣 20 20 20 20 20 20 100 20 20 20 23 500 500 100010001500100015000.240.253.391.00.450.150.20.1950.210.160.170.0720.230.140.30.2630.416.210-57.610-54.210-41.410-33.610-41.4510-34.510-4(23)10-39.610-54.110-32.610-4310-3610-3(1.48.8)10-31.710-31.210-3 =1.0, =0.89

19、, =0.8 =0.81.5 =0.58 =1.92.3 =0.2 =2.2 =0.42 =1.7 =3.7 =2.53CaO35%-SiO245%-Al2O320%CaO50%-SiO235%-Al2O315%表8 铸型内的传热系数No. 比热流量q传热系数h=q/(T1-T2) 备 注时间(s)cal/(cm2.s)cal/(cm2.s. C)1 0 5 10 20 3036.146.046.029.027.00.0140.0340.0310.0190.017C0.035%钢T1=TC(铸片)T2=TM(结晶器)铸造速度=1.08m/min弯曲型扁板连铸机2 15 20 30 40 50

20、60 700.0350.0310.0240.0190.0140.0140.018C0.120.16%钢连铸T1=TC(铸片)T2=TW(冷却水)铸造速度=0.8m/min3 0 5 10 15 20 3022.833.731.624.718.615.3 0.016 0.022 0.021 0.016 0.012 0.010同上铸造速度=2.03m/min 4 0.021 0.085 0.011 0.091铸铁卧式连铸机 石墨铸型 203 mm同上， 305mm5 0.040.06 0.0060.01铝连续铸造6 240 300 600 1300 1800 0.0075 0.0067 0.005

21、0 0.0035 0.0026Fe-V2.85%铜铸型(仅单面)真空中7 0 60 120 240 360 600 0.023 0.020 0.018 0.016 0.014 0.012碳素钢表面氧化铸铁铸型8 1.92.2Al 合金，压铸90.03铝硅合金液体金属流动时(金属型)10 0.010.02Al合金，金属型，低压铸造11 0.30.4 0.040.07Al, 金属型铸造(涂料50200 m)12 0.110.17 0.0040.007铜连续铸造13 0.20.40.06铜合金(金属型) 14 0.08 0.056 0.024 0.014 0.014铸钢/砂型(难以产生空隙时)15

22、300 420 600 1200 1800 0.022 0.014 0.011 0.0084 0.0055同上(容易产生空隙时)表9 合金的密度、潜热合金 s(20 C)(kg/m3) s(Ts)(kg/m3)L(kJ/kg)1%Cr钢7840-2771.5%Mn钢7850-2772%Si钢7730-333奥氏体不锈钢77007000294铁素体不锈钢8000-3040.08%C钢780070300.23%C钢786070300.80%C钢785069901.20%C钢78306900白口铸铁7650(7000)灰口铸铁7100(6650)Al-4.5%Cu2980(2630)-Al Si 7Mg2680(2360)-Cu-30Zn8390(7520)-Mg-3Al-1Zn-5Mn1850(1690)370Ni-15Cr-7Fe-2.5Ti-Hb-0.9Al-0.7Mn-0.4Si-0.0406087(5400)表10单位换算表 量SI制CGS制工程制，MKH制密 度kg/m3g/cm3kg/m31100010-3111000力Ndynkgf19.806651059.806651051/9.806651压 力