运营管理 考试题库krajewskiom9tif06文档格式.docx

1、Keywords: capacity, maximum output rate2. Capacity decisions should be made separate from strategic decisions. False Introduction Moderate capacity decision, strategic decisions3. Capacity can be expressed by output or input measures. Planning Long-Term Capacity capacity, input measures, output meas

2、ures4. Input measures of capacity are inherently more accurate than output measures of capacity. input measures, output measures, capacity5. Utilization is the degree to which equipment, space, or labor is currently being used. utilization, equipment used, space used, labor used6. One reason economi

3、es of scale drive down cost is the spreading of fixed costs. economies of scale, fixed cost7. Economies of scale drive down cost even though the cost of purchased materials can be expected to increase. economies of scale, purchased materials cost 8. Diseconomies of scale is a concept that states tha

4、t the average unit cost of a service or good can be reduced by increasing its output rate. diseconomies of scale, average unit cost, output rate 9. A capacity cushion is the amount of inventory that a firm maintains to handle sudden increases in demand or temporary loss of production capacity. Capac

5、ity Timing and Sizing Strategies capacity cushion10. A larger capacity cushion may be required due to variation in demand, changing product mix, or supply uncertainty. capacity cushion, variation in demand, changing product mix, supply uncertainty 11. A smaller capacity cushion may be required if a

6、process is highly capital intensive. capacity cushion, capital intensity 12. A larger capacity cushion can help firms uncover process inefficiencies, so they can find ways to correct them. capacity cushion, process inefficiencies 13. Capacity cushions may be lowered if companies smooth the output ra

7、te by raising prices when inventory is low and decreasing prices when it is high. capacity cushion, output rate, changes in pricing, inventory levels 14. An expansionist capacity strategy involves large, infrequent jumps in capacity, where a wait-and-see strategy involves smaller, more frequent jump

8、s. expansionist strategy, wait-and-see strategy, size and timing of capacity increases 15. A wait-and-see capacity strategy minimizes the chances of lost sales due to insufficient capacity. expansionist strategy, lost sales, insufficient capacity 16. A firm may preempt the expansion of competitive f

9、irms by using an expansionist capacity strategy and announcing a large capacity expansion. expansionist strategy, capacity expansion 17. An expansionist capacity strategy minimizes the risks of overexpansion due to overly optimistic demand forecasts. wait-and-see strategy, overexpansion, demand fore

10、casts 18. A processs capacity requirement states the future process capacity needed to meet projected customer demands, and includes an allowance for the desired capacity cushion. A Systematic Approach to Long-Term Capacity Decisions capacity requirement, customer demand, capacity cushion19. A plann

11、ing horizon is defined as the period beyond which the company does not have customer orders. A Systematic Approach to Long-term Capacity Decisions time horizon20. Output measures are used for estimating capacity requirements when product variety and process divergence are high. input measures, capac

12、ity requirements, product variety, process divergence 21. When a firm makes a long-term capacity decision, selecting the base case alternative means doing nothing and losing orders from any demand that exceeds current capacity, or incurring costs due to excess capacity. base case alternative, capaci

13、ty decisions, capacity 22. Waiting line models are often used for capacity planning. Tools for Capacity Planning waiting line models, capacity planningMULTIPLE CHOICE23. Long-term capacity plans deal with:a. investments in new facilities.b. workforce size.c. inventories.d. overtime budgets. a long-t

14、erm capacity, new facilities24. Long-term capacity decisions that confront managers include all of the following except:a. capital equipment.b. additional land.c. buildings.d. workforce size. d Capacity Planning Over Longer Time Horizons long-term capacity25. Regarding the measurement of capacity, w

15、hen a firm provides a relatively small number of standardized products and services:a. capacity cannot be determined reliably.b. input measures are typically used.c. output measures are typically used.d. utilization becomes equal to capacity. c output measure, capacity26. Input measures include such

16、 metrics as:a. the number of customers served per hour.b. the number of trucks produced per day.c. the number of machine hours available.d. the number of bills processed in a week. input measure, capacity27. The degree to which equipment, space, or labor is being used is commonly referred to as:a. c

17、apacity.b. output.c. utilization.d. cushion. utilization, capacity28. A manufacturing plant is capable of producing 10 tons of product per day when run three shifts with no breakdowns and plenty of raw materials. Over the past week, the plant has produced an average of 7.3 tons per day because the t

18、hird shift has devoted much of their time to preventive maintenance. What is the utilization of the plant?a. 10 tons/dayb. 7.3 tons/dayc. 137%d. 73%29. A manufacturing plant is capable of producing 10 tons of product per day when run three shifts with no breakdowns and plenty of raw materials. Over

19、the past week, the plant has produced an average of 7.3 tons per day since the third shift has devoted much of their time to preventive maintenance. What is the capacity of the plant?c. 73%d. 137%30. A lumber mill is capable of producing 10,000 board feet of lumber per day when run ten hours per day

20、 with minimal breaks. Over the past year, forestry legislation has reduced the availability of raw materials, so the mill has produced an average of 4,575 board feet per day. What is the capacity of the plant?a. 4,575 board feet/dayb. 10,000 board feet/dayc. 45.75%d. 219% b31. A lumber mill is capab

21、le of producing 10,000 board feet of lumber per day when run ten hours per day with minimal breaks. Over the past year, forestry legislation has reduced the availability of raw materials, so the mill has produced an average of 4,575 board feet per day. What is the utilization of the plant?c. 219%d.

22、45.75%32. The transition from economies of scale to diseconomies of scale:a. is more likely to occur in a service operation.b. is more likely to occur in a manufacturing operation.c. is more likely to occur when utilization is low.d. contains the point at which average unit costs are at their lowest. economies of scale, diseconomies of scale33. Large, infrequent jumps in capacity are characteristic of companies that:a. have an expansionist strategy.b. have a wait-and-see strategy.c. have low utilization.d. have high utilization. Capacity T