2021-2022学年江苏省苏州市高三(上)期初调研英语试卷(附答案详解).docx

1、2021-2022学年江苏省苏州市高三（上）期初调研英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AFor centuries,tea has been used for far more than overcoming thirst.Around the world people drink it to relax and restore energy. Green,oolong and black tea come from the same plant Camellia sinensis（茶树）.Green tea,however,is processed in a differ

2、ent way,which results in higher levels of some of the compounds that scientists believe have positive effects on our mental health. A 2017 review of more than 100 studies found that green tea can impact the brain in three ways：reduce anxiety；focus attention；and improve brain function,especially memo

3、ry.However,it was cautioned that the effects arent large,and current evidence is mainly provided by small-scale studies. There are also suggestions that tea could improve the symptoms of depression,dementia（痴呆）and Down syndrome （唐氏综合征）. A 2018 study conducted in South Korea found that frequent green

4、 tea drinkers were 21% less likely to develop depression than those who were non-drinkers.However,as an observational study,it couldnt establish cause and effect,only association. Tea also has some benefits for our physical health its linked to a longer life,could reduce some risk factors for cardio

5、vascular（心血管的） disease such as heart attack and stroke,and may also have a weight-losing effect. We need better data to truly assess the benefits of tea on our mental and physical well-being, said Gunter Kuhnle at the University of Reading,however,with the exception of green tea pills,which have bee

6、n linked to liver damage,and burning tea,which has been linked to esophageal（食道的）cancer,theres no real downside to a cup of tea.I think most people enjoy rituals（仪式感）.Its a comforting thing.If theres anything wrong,here its a cup of tea thats needed.1. How is green tea different from oolong and blac

7、k tea？ _ A. It cures depression and dementia.B. It is never part of a complex ritual.C. It has higher levels of certain compounds.D. It is taken from Camellia sinensis.2. What does Gunter Kuhnle want to express？ _ A. Green tea rituals give people comfort.B. Green tea pills may cause esophageal cance

8、r.C. Green tea brings people more harm than good.D. Green tea proves beneficial with no exception.3. Which can be a suitable title for the text？ _ A. Which tea prevents cancerB. Why drinking tea might helpC. When tea causes liver damageD. How teas are processedBAt first,I didnt recognize the symptom

9、s that we all had in common.Friends mentioned that they were having trouble concentrating.It wasnt burnout we still had energy.It wasnt depression we didnt feel hopeless.We just felt somewhat joyless and aimless. It turns out theres a name for that：languishing. Languishing is a sense of inactivity a

10、nd emptiness.It feels as if youre muddling（应付）through your days,looking at your life through a foggy windshield （挡风玻璃）. In psychology,we think about mental health on a spectrum（范围）from depression to flourishing （精力旺盛）.Flourishing is the peak of well-being.Depression is the valley of ill-being.Langui

11、shing is the neglected middle child of mental health.Its the emptiness between depression and flourishing the absence of well-being.Youre not functioning at full capacity.Languishing dulls your motivation,disrupts your ability to focus,and greatly increases the possibility that youll cut back on wor

12、k. Part of the danger is that when youre languishing,you might not notice the dulling of delight or the decreasing of drive.You dont catch yourself slipping slowly into aloneness；youre indifferent to your indifference.When you cant see your own suffering,you dont seek help or even do much to help yo

13、urself. So what can we do about it？People who became more focused on their work managed to avoid languishing.Interrupted attention is an enemy of engagement and excellence.To go beyond languishing,give yourself some uninterrupted time.It clears out constant distractions（分心）and gives us the freedom t

14、o focus.And try starting with small wins by focusing on a challenge that matters to you - an interesting project,a worthwhile goal,or a meaningful conversation. We still have a lot to learn about what causes languishing and how to cure it,but naming it might be a first step.It could help to defog ou

15、r vision,giving us a clearer window into what had been an unclear experience.It could remind us that we werent alone：languishing is common and shared. By acknowledging that so many of us are languishing,we can start giving voice to quiet despair and lighting a path out of the emptiness.4. Which defi

16、nition best suits the word languishing？ _ A. Feeling exhausted and without hope.B. Becoming weaker or failing to improve.C. Making someone want to achieve something.D. Going beyond the usual limits of something.5. Which of the following can be described as languishing？ _ A. Seeking help when you are

17、 suffering.B. Realizing that you are not alone in despair.C. Giving yourself some uninterrupted time.D. Being indifferent to your lack of enthusiasm.6. What could psychologists do to help solve the problems of languishing？ _ A. Give people more freedom.B. See it as depression.C. Name it clearly.D. R

18、emove it from a spectrum.7. Why is it significant to know languishing is common and shared？ _ A. We can let the silent despair speak up and find a way out.B. We can continue to learn more about languishing.C. We can see it as basically the same as depression.D. We can study it as the complete opposi

19、te of flourishing.CA bat and a ball cost1.10 in total.The bat costs 1.00 more than the ball.How much does the ball cost？ If you answered 10 cents,youre not alone - most people give the same answer（the correct answer is 5 cents）.Its an example of how we often rely on intuitive（直觉的）responses - answers

20、 we feel are true.People give answers that pop into their mind, says Steven Sloman.We dont spend much time reflecting and checking whether the answer is right or wrong. The bat and ball question helps explain why we often believe in fake（假的）news.It is part of human nature to believe,says Sloman.But

21、the trick with fake news is to know to verify - in other words,to stop and question what you know.In one experiment,Sloman and a colleague invented a discovery called helium rain.They told a group of volunteers about it,but admitted they could not fully explain what it was.They then asked the volunt

22、eers to rate their own understanding of helium rain.Most volunteers rated themselves 1 out of 7，meaning they did not understand the concept. The researchers then told another group of volunteers about the discovery.This time,they said that scientists could fully explain how it works.When asked to ra

23、te their understanding,the volunteers gave an average answer of 2.The scientists confidence gave the volunteers an increased sense of their own understanding,Sloman says. According to Sloman,studies show that knowledge spreads like a contagion（传染病）.This idea can be seen in many fields,including poli

24、tics. If everyone around you is saying they understand why a politician is dishonest, Sloman says, then youre going to start thinking that you understand,too. Another explanation for the spread of fake news is motivated reasoning, writes Adam Wyatz,an American management professor,we are naturally m

25、ore likely to believe things that confirm our existing opinions. So,in a world where misleading information is common,training people to care about fact-checking is important,especially in online communities. We should check things and not just take them at face value, Sloman says. Verify before you

26、 believe.8. Why does the author use the example of the bat and ball question？ _ A. To warn that people often ignore skills that they learned.B. To show that there are various answers to a question.C. To illustrate that people tend to rush to a conclusion.D. To arouse peoples interest in playing gues

27、sing games.9. In paragraph 3，what does the underlined word verify mean？ _ A. To make sure something is true.B. To think about something for a long time.C. To express an opinion about something.D. To follow your intuitive response.10. When do more volunteers claim to understand helium rain？ _ A. When

28、 some of the volunteers explained it to them.B. When Sloman and his colleagues showed them how it works.C. When they have more confidence in themselves.D. When they believed that scientists understood it.11. Which of the following is an example of motivated reasoning？ _ A. You trust a damaging story

29、 about someone who you always judge negatively.B. You post a message online that gives your personal opinion about a news story.C. You search online for more information about a doubtful story on social media.D. You think a university professor dishonest when everybody around you say so.DAtticus was

30、 sitting in the swing,and Mr.Tate was in a chair next to him.The light from the living-room windows was strong on them. Well,Heck, Atticus was saying, Of course it was clear-cut self defense,but itll come before county court. Mr.Finch,do you think Jem killed Bob Ewell？Do you think that？ You heard wh

31、at Scout said,theres no doubt about it.She said Jem got up and yanked him off her he probably got hold of Ewells knife somehow in the darkwell find out tomorrow. Mr.Finch,hold on. said Mr.Tate. Jem never stabbed Bob Ewell. Atticus was silent for a moment.He looked at Mr.Tate as if he appreciated wha

32、t he said.But Atticus shook his head. Heck,thank you from the bottom of my heart,but I dont want my boy starting out with something like this over his head.Best way to clear the air is to have it all out in the open. Mr.Finch, Mr.Tate said,Bob Ewell fell on his knife.He killed himself. Heck, Atticuss back was turned. If this things hushed up（掩盖） itll be a simp