高二英语必修四课文详解及习题练习Word格式文档下载.docx

1、支撑；抚养，资助；赞成，支持；supporter: n. 支持者 e.g Do you think those shelves can support so many books?你认为那些架子能承受这么多书吗？She needs a high income to support such a large family.她需要高收入来养活这一大家子。Do you support their demands of independence? 你支持他们独立的要求吗？e.g Im a strong supporter of womens rights.我是女权的强烈支持者。4deliver: v.

2、 传送；把.踢向；发表，宣布；给接生 delivery: n. e.g Letters are delivered every day.信件每天都会传送。She delivered a hard kick to his knee.她狠狠地踢了他膝盖一下。The doctor delivered her baby.医生给她接生。5mean的用法 mean doing sth. 意味着做 mean to do sth 打算做某事 eg. Doing such a thing means wasting time. 做这样的事儿就是浪费时间 eg. Do you mean to go without

3、 money? 没有钱你也打算走吗？6wander的用法 1）可以解释为漫步，逛，常与about搭配 e.g We love wandering about the hills 我们喜欢在山上漫步。 2）还可以解释为脱离，迷失 e.g Dont wander off the point 不要离题。7“Only + 状语” 开头的句子要用倒装 eg. Only in this way can we learn English better.只有用这种方法才能把英语学更好。 Only then did I realize my mistake. 直到那时我才知道我的错误 8work out算出；进

4、行；发展；理解，说出；制定，拟定 eg. I cant work out the meaning of the poem.我不理解这首诗的意思。Things have worked out badly. 事情进展得很糟糕。 work out his income. 算出他的收入 work out a plan 制定计划 9have/ has been doing 现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去就已开始，一直持续到现在，可能还会继续下去 eg. He has been reading since this morning.今早起，他一直在看书 He is very tired; he has b

5、een working hard all day .他很累，他一整天都在努力工作 He has been writing a letter.他一直在写信 He has written a letter.他已写过信了 IIReading A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE非洲野生动植物学生It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa.早上5:45分，太阳冉冉升起在东非的贡贝国家公园上，【注释：Gome National Park贡贝国家公园，位于东非的坦桑尼

6、亚。冈贝最常见的其他哺乳动物是灵长类。人们从20世纪60年代开始，就一直对它们进行研究，发现橄榄树狒狒最为常见，经常成群结队在海滨流连，而红尾猴和疣猴则一直以森林作为天然篷幛，疣猴经常遭受黑猩猩的追猎。】 Following Janes way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.按照詹尼研究黑猩猩的方法，我们这群人都将看到森林中的黑猩猩。【注释：following Janes way of studying chimps是现在分词作状语。】 Jane has studied these

7、 families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.詹尼研究黑猩猩家族已有许多年了，她帮助人们理解黑猩猩怎样像人类一样地行为表现。behave vi.（行为或举止）表现eg. He has behaved well at school.他在学校表现良好。 （2）工作 eg. How is the new engine behaving?新的引擎运行得如何?】 Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first

8、 activity of the day.观察黑猩猩一家起床是我们当天的第一项活动。watching a family of chimps wake up是动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数式形式；另外动词不定式、名词从句作主语谓语动词均为第三人称单数式形式。】 This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before.这就意味着：在前天夜里就要走回到我们让黑猩猩在树上睡觉的地方。mean doing sth.意味着 eg. These new order

9、s for our manufactures will mean working overtime.这些订购我们产品的新订单意味着要加班。 Mean to do sth.打算做某事 eg. I mean to stay here, if I can.若是能留下, 我想留在这儿。 mean to 对来说很重要 eg. 1） Having my family around me means happiness to me.家人同我在一起就意味着幸福。 2） The smell means dinner to the dog!对狗来说, 这气味意味着进食! 3） These symbols mean

10、 nothing to me.我完全不明白这些符号是什么意思。 4） He means no harm to anyone.他无意伤害任何人。 mean adj.吝啬的，小气的 Hes too mean to make a donation.他很小气, 不肯捐款。】 Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off.当黑猩猩一家开始醒来要离开的时候，大家在树下坐着等着。 while conj. （1）在期间, 当的时候; 与同时While in p

11、rison, he wrote his first novel.他在狱中写出了第一部小说。（2） 而，然而（表示对比） eg. One person wants out, while the other wants the relationship to continue.一人想就此了断，而另一人想继续保持这种关系。 （3）虽然，尽管 eg. While I wouldnt recommend a night-time visit, by day the area is full of interest.虽然我不建议夜间游玩，但是在白天，这个地区很有玩头。move off离开；死；畅销 eg.

12、 1） Check your mirrors before you move off.开车前注意看看反光镜。 2） Farmers are rapidly moving off the land.农民正迅速离开土地。】 Then we follow as they wander into the forest.然后，当他们漫游到森林里，我们便跟着。 Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family.大多数情况下，黑猩猩们要么进食，要么相互清洁，在家族

13、里这是作为一种表达爱的方式。eitheror 要么要么 eg. Either I accompany you to your room or I wait here.要么我陪你去你的房间，要么我在这儿等。】 Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right.詹尼预先告诉我们到下午我们将会很累很脏，她说的对。warn sb. that预告：预先通知或告诉： eg. They called and warned me that they might b

14、e delayed.他们打来电话，预先告诉我他们可能耽搁一会儿。 warn sb. of sth.警告某人当心某事；warn sb. not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事； 】 However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. 然而，晚上使得这一切都值得。worthwhile adj.值得做的, 值得出力的 （1） be well worth doing sth.很值得做某事 eg. The book is well worth reading of sth.值得，配得上 eg, The book is worthy of $50.（2） b

15、e worthy of being done eg. The book is worthy of being readto be done eg. The book is worthy to be read（3） It is worthwhile doing sth. eg. It is worthwhile reading the book.to do sth.做某事是值得的 It is worthwhile to read the book.试题：1. She has done some _ things during the summer vacation, and she is _ o

16、f being praised. A. worthwhile; worthy B. worthwhile; worth C. worthy; worth D. worth; worthy 2. Try to spend your time just on the things you find _. A. worth doing them B. worth being done C. worthy of doing them D. worthy of being done】We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree.我们观

17、看黑猩猩妈妈和她的幼子在树上玩耍。 Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night.然后，我们看他们一起在巢穴睡觉过夜。 We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family.我们意思到黑猩猩家族成员之间的关系和我们人类一样紧密。Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour.在詹尼之前没有人懂得黑猩猩的行为举止。 She s

18、pent years observing and recording their daily activities.她花费了几年时间来观察和记录他们的日常活动。【辨析： spend, pay, cost, take这几个词均表示“花费”，区别在于句型结构不同：sb. spend sb. pay some money for sth. eg. I paid $10,000 for the car.Sth. cost sb. sth. eg. Participating in the strike cost me my job.参加罢工而使我失去工作.It takes sb. some time

19、to do sth. eg. It took me two hours to finish my homework.】Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment.自从童年时代，她就想和动物一起在野外自然环境下合作（生活）。 However, this was not easy.然而，这并不容易。 When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest.当她

20、在1960年首次到达贡贝，对一位妇女来说生活在森林里是不同寻常的。 Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.只有在头几个月她妈妈来帮她之后，才允许她开始她的项目。由only及only所修饰的状语位于句首时，主句要采用半倒装结构，但当only修饰主语时，不倒装。如：1） Only when he entered, did she pick up the receiver. 他刚一进来她就接到了电话。 2） Only if it rece

21、ives a copy of the latest report, can the committee make its decision by Friday of next week. 委员会只有在收到最后的报告后，才可以在下周五作出决定。 3） Only a doctor can do that.只有医生才能这样做。 】 Her work changed the way people think about chimps.她的工作改变了人们对黑猩猩的思考方式。 For example one important thing she discovered was that chimps hu

22、nt and eat meat. 例如，她所发现的一个重要情况就是：黑猩猩围猎并吃肉。that chimps hunt and eat meat.是由that引导的名词从句作表语，即表语从句。】Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. 直到那时，人们一直都以为黑猩猩只吃水果和坚果。She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it.她确实观察到黑猩猩以群体方式围猎猴子，然后将其吃掉。as a group以群体方

23、式，作状语。】 She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.她还发现黑猩猩怎样彼此交流，对黑猩猩肢体语言的研究帮助她解决了黑猩猩的社会体系。（1） communicate with与通话/交流 eg. The Minister for Foreign Affairs has already communicated on this event with the Ame

24、rican President.外交部长已经跟美国总统就此事件交换过意见了。 （2） work out找到解答；解决;有特定结果 eg. worked out the equations; worked out their personal differences.解出方程式；找到他们个人的区别 It worked out that everyone left on the same train.结果每个人都乘同一列火车离开】For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world un

25、derstand and respect the life of these animals.四十年来，詹尼古道尔直言不讳地说起让世界其他人理解并尊重这些动物的生活。（1） be outspoken about 对直言不讳的/坦率的 eg. Tom was outspoken about his ideal that he wanted to go to college.汤姆直言不讳谈他的理想上大学。 （2） respect vt. & n. 尊敬，尊重；敬意 show respect for sb./sth.尊敬/尊重; have respect for尊敬/尊重; in this resp

26、ect在这一方面； in all/many respects在各个/许多方面； in respect of sth关于;就而言； without respect恕我直言；respect sb./sth. for sth.因某事而尊敬某人 eg. 1） We have had many lessons in this respect. 2） He always treated his peers with respect. 3） There are three opinions with respect to this question.】 She has argued that wild an

27、imals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.她认为野生动物应该处于野生状态，不应该用于娱乐或广告。（1） leave sb./sth. +补语（形容词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语）,eg. 1） Sorry, I left my book on the desk.对不起，我把书放在桌子上了。 2） Leave him alone and he will produce. 别打扰他，他会写出来的。 （2） argue vi.争论；辩论；vt. 争论；说服 argue with

28、 sb. on/about/over sth.与某人争论某事； argue against/for为反对/赞成而辩论；argue sb. into/ out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事 eg. 1） Dont argue with one who is in hot blood.不要和正在气头上的人争论。 2） They strongly argued against going there next Sunday.他们坚决反对下星期去那里。 3） We argued her out of going on such a dangerous journey.我们说服他不要去

29、做这样危险的旅行。】 She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely.她帮助建了一些黑猩猩能够安全生活的特殊的地方。 She is leading a busy life but she says:她过着忙碌的生活，但她说： “Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.“一旦我停下来，一切都蜂拥而至，我记得那些在实验室里的黑猩猩， 【注释：come crowding in一拥而入；蜂拥而至 e

30、g. When he went home and sat in the sofa, what happened in the day all came crowding in.当她回到家坐在沙发上，白天所发生的一切一下子涌上心头。】Its terrible.太可怕啦。 It affects me when I watch the wild chimps.当我观察到野生黑猩猩时，深深地影响了我。 I say to myself, Arent they lucky? 我自问，难道他们不是幸运的吗？And then I think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong.随后，我想到困在笼子里的小黑猩猩，虽然他们没有做错什么。 Once you have seen that you can never forget”一旦你看到那些情况，你就永远不会忘记”【注释：once As soon as