爆破音精品课件-Consonants-Stops-Chen.ppt

1、Consonants:Stops,Unit 2 pp12,辅音:按声带振动方式分类,p t k f s t ts tr h,b d g v z d dz dr r l j w,清辅音,浊辅音,（声带不震动，只送气）,（声带震动，不送气）,按照发音方法分类,爆破音:p b t d k g摩擦音:f v s z h r 破擦音:t d ts dz tr dr 鼻音:m n 半元音:j w舌边音:l,发音方法：使气流在口腔某处成阻，再让气流冲决阻碍，爆破生音，因此叫爆破音。,Textbook introduction p12,p t k 发音时声带不振动，叫做清辅音；b d g 发音时声带振动，叫做

2、浊辅音。,p,pay put sip cup open发音方法：紧闭双唇，形成阻塞，阻止气流流出然后突然分开双唇，气流冲出口腔，同时发出爆破的声音3.发音时声带不震动,p,单词精读练习：pocket口袋space空间pay支付Spain西班牙paper纸spark火花,p 短语速读练习,paint a picture a pretty present a piece of paper pay the bill a very expensive purse,p,绕口令口腔肌肉练习：Peters plane is plainly painted.Peter的飞机画得很简单清楚。Peter is p

3、aid plenty to paint planes.Peter画飞机赚了很多钱。,s 后面的发音变化,s,p,t,k,sport speak,-b,star stop,sky skin,-d,-g,/p/的音位变体 p13,/p/在词首且在重读音节中，是送气音如poke；处于词尾时，可能失去爆破，如top tea；在/s/后形成辅音连缀时，/p/不送气，如spot；两个/p/相邻时，无需产生两次爆破，而只是延长发音的时间，如stop Pete；/p/后紧跟鼻音时，爆破不在口腔，而在鼻腔，就是我们通常说的“鼻腔爆破”，如Stop him；,b,club tube garbage lab rab

4、bit发音方法：先将双唇紧闭，憋住气，形成阻塞然后分开双唇，气流冲出口腔，同时发出爆破的声音3.浊辅音，送气力量稍弱，声带震动,b,单词精读练习：bus公共汽车boat船box盒子build建造bird鸟beach沙滩,b,短语速读练习：black and blue青一块紫一块bread and butter黄油面包as blind as a bat瞎得厉害Beauty and the Beast美女与野兽,b,绕口令口腔肌肉练习：Bills big brother is building a beautiful building between two big brick blocks.A

5、big black bug bit a big black dog on his big black back!,/b/的音位变体：,处于词尾时,不完全爆破，如:rob the man；两个b相邻时，无需产生两次爆破，只是延长发音时间，如rob Bob；/b/在鼻音前时，爆破不在口腔，而在鼻腔，如rob him。,t,tell night ticket turtle ten发音方法：舌尖先紧贴上齿龈，憋住气然后舌尖迅速下降，气流冲出口腔，形成爆破音，但不震动声带,t,单词精读练习：table桌子time时间light光 telephone电话water水tool 工具,t,句子一口气快读练习：

6、Ted is taller than Tom.Ted比Tom高。Not at all.没什么。Lets have a rest.让我们休息一下。,t,绕口令口腔肌肉练习：Two ticket takers took a taxi.Too many teenagers tend to waste their time watching television.,s 后面的发音变化,s,p,t,k,sport speak,-b,star stop,sky skin,-d,-g,/t/的音位变体 pp13,/t/在词首且在重读音节中时，是送气音,如tape；当处于词尾时，可能失去爆破，如sit sti

7、ll；在/s/后形成辅音连缀时，/t/在发音时不送气，如stop；当处于/之前时，呈齿音化发音，如eighth；/t/后紧跟着鼻音时，爆破不在口腔而在鼻腔，即“鼻腔爆破”，如button；当处于两个元音之间时，/t/听起来近似闪音，如letter；当/t/位于成音节的/n/或/l/前时，便成了声门爆破音，如little；两个/t/相邻时，无需产生两次爆破，只是延长发音的时间，如let Tim;当处于辅音组合/tr/中时，发音兼具爆破与摩擦的特征，如train。,d,dog deep card bed bird 发音方法：舌尖紧贴上齿龈，憋住气舌尖迅速下降，使气流冲出口腔3.送气的力量较弱，声带

8、震动,d,单词精读练习：day日子under在下面dark黑暗的 red红的good好的 mind介意,d,短语速读练习：a different idea一个不同的想法a cold day寒冷的一天cry aloud suddenly突然大声喊a good child一个好孩子,d 口腔肌肉练习,Dicks daughter Dianna doesnt like dancing.When a doctor doctors another doctor,does he doctor the doctored doctor the way the doctored doctor wants to

9、be doctored or does he doctor the doctored doctor the way the doctoring doctor wants to doctor the doctor?,/d/的音位变体 p14,当处于齿间音（如/w/t/）之前时，呈齿音化发音，如width；处于词尾时，不完全爆破，如Dad said so；当与/l/组合时，成为舌侧爆破音，如padlock；/d/在鼻音前时，爆破不在口腔，而在鼻腔，如breadn butter;两个/b/相邻时，无需产生两次爆破，只是延长发音时间，如sad Dave处于辅音组合/dr/中时，发音兼具爆破和摩擦的特征

10、，如drain。,k,key desk card cup cold 钥匙 桌子 卡片 杯子 寒冷的发音方法：舌后部隆起，紧贴软腭，憋住气舌后部迅速降低，使气流冲出口腔发音时声带不震动,k,常见字母及发音组合：k:like,keepch:chemistry,headache c:cat,comecc:account,accuse ck:cock,sick,k,单词精读练习：occur发生ski滑雪cool凉爽的kite风筝lock锁sky天空school学校knock敲,k 短语速读,a colorful picture一张色彩丰富的画take care当心a black desk一张黑色的书桌

11、look at the kite看这只风筝a cute clock一只可爱的钟,k,句子一口气快读练习：Care killed a cat.I like chocolate.Practice makes perfect.He was killed in a car accident.,k口腔肌肉练习,Keep clean socks in a clean sock stack.Can you can a can as a canner can can a can?Good cookies could be cooked by a good cook,if a good cook could c

12、ook good cookies.,s 后面的发音变化,s,p,t,k,sport speak,-b,star stop,sky skin,-d,-g,/k/的音位变体 p14,/k/位于词首,且在重读音节中时,是送气音,如keep；处于词尾时，可能失去爆破，如take three；在/s/后形成辅音连缀时,/k/在发音时不送气，如sky;当两个/k/相邻时，无需产生两次爆破，而只是延长发音的时间，如take Kim;当/k/后紧跟着鼻音时，此时爆破不在口腔，而在鼻腔，即“鼻腔爆破”，如beacon;当与/l/音组合时，成为舌侧爆破音，如clock；后跟前元音时，/k/的发音部位前移，如kee

13、n；位于成音节的/n/时，便成了声门爆破，如bacon；位于圆唇音之前时，发音时亦呈圆唇，如quarter.,g,leg glass gate goose again 发音方法：先将舌后部隆起，紧贴软腭，憋住气舌后部迅速降低，使气流冲出口腔发音时，声带震动,g,常见字母及发音组合：g:game,girl gg:egg,luggageVariation:square squirrel,g,单词精读练习：guide指引guess猜guest客人go去beg乞求guy家伙,伙计good好的get得到dog狗great伟大的,g 短语速读,forget the exam a great gun get

14、 angry with a guy green grassas good as gold,g,句子一口气快读练习：He has gone to the school gate.A good beginning makes a good ending.He gazed at the fat goose with a gun.,g口腔肌肉练习,A big green bug bit a big white goose on his big white leg!A grown-up goat goes to the gate of the garden but sees a ghost eating

15、 grapes.,/g/的音位变体 p15,当处于词尾时，不完全爆破，如lag behind;当两个/g/相邻时，无需产生两次爆破，只是延长发音时间，如big grapes当与/l/组合时,与成为舌侧爆破音,如glad；/g/在鼻音前时，爆破不在口腔，而在鼻腔，如pig and goat;后跟前元音时，发音部位前移，如geese;位于圆唇音之前时，发音时亦呈圆唇，如goose.,爆破音方法小结,发音时，气流在口腔和鼻腔两处受到完全的阻碍。当口腔突然打开时，气流冲出口腔，形成爆破音。,失去爆破和不完全爆破,失去爆破和不完全爆破现象可以出现在同一单词中，如 notebook/nutbuk/也可以出

16、现在两个单词之间，如 good morning/gud m:ni/。6个爆破音/p,b,t,d,k,g/跟所有辅音（26个）相连，都会失去爆破或不完全爆破。,book keeper bookkeeperhand bag handbagblack board blackboardsit down sit downused to used tothat time that time red car a red car,Loss of stops 失去爆破,“爆破音+爆破音”:失去爆破 6个爆破音中的任意2个相临时，前一个爆破音会失去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的爆

17、破音。实际上只有后一个爆破音发音。For example:bookkeeper/bukki:p/handbag/hndbg/blackboard/blkb:d/September/sptemb/sit down/sitdaun/used to/ju:sdtu/that time/ttaim/a red car/redka:/,The girl in the re(d)coat was on a bla(ck)bike jus(t)now.The bi(g)bus from the fa(c)tory is full of people.Wha(t)time does he get up eve

18、ry morning?This is an ol(d)pi(c)ture of a bi(g)car.The ol(d)do(c)tor has a ca(t),too.Were going to work on a farm nex(t)Tuesday.What would you like,ho(t)tea or bla(ck)coffee?Its a very col(d)day,but its a goo(d)day.You can put i(t)down in the bi(g)garden.I bought a chea(p)book,but its a goo(d)book.,

19、Loss of stops 失去爆破,不完全爆破,当一个爆破音后面紧跟着一个摩擦音、破擦音、鼻辅音或舌边音时，前面的爆破音只作部分爆破。方法是：对于前一个爆破音，作好发音的姿势，刚发出时，立即过渡到第二个音上去。第一个爆破音发出的声音是非常轻微的，有时甚至听不出来。这种现象叫做不完全爆破。,1.爆破音+摩擦音/破擦音:不完全爆破,（摩擦音10个：/f,v,s,z,r,h/）（破擦音6个：/ts,dz,tr,dr,t,d/）例如/t t,td,d t,dd,p t,pd,g t,gd/等。这样的组合出现时，前面的爆破音就要不完全爆破。例如：picture/pik t/big jug/big d/

20、good child/gud taild/that joke/t duk/,爆破音+鼻辅音/舌边音不完全爆破,（鼻辅音3个：/m,n,/）（舌边音1个：/l/）例如：good morning/gud m:ni/big nation/big nein/mad man/md mn/correct note/k rekt nut/,不完全爆破：phrases,white chalkgreat changeloud cheersa good trya bit drya second choicea black jacketa good joba big treea hard journeya fast

21、 traina cold drink,attend meetingsnot minedont knownot nowgood nightquite neara loud noisean important matterdifferent meaninggood newsurgent needs a good memory,不完全爆破:sentences,Goo(d)morning,Mr.Bell.Uncle Lis fa(c)tory is qui(te)near to the cinema.I wen(t)there alone a(t)nine las(t)night.-Do you know his bi(ke)number?-Sorry,I don(t)know.The forty-firs(t)lesson is qui(te)difficult.Goo(d)luck,Lin Tao.,