初中英语一般过去时.docx

1、初中英语一般过去时初中英语一般过去时一 般 过 去 时 讲 解 与 练 习 定义 表示的是:某个动作作发生在过去的时间里，并且这个动作已经完成了。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如:last year, yesterday等,也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。 一、巧记一般过去时: 动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事,be用was或用were, have, has变had, 谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志,一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。 否定句很简单，主语之后didnt添, 疑问句也不难，did放在主语前, 不含be动词时 如果谓语之前有did，谓语动

2、词需还原, 动词若是was, were,否定就把not添。 含be动词时 疑问句也不难，要把was，were放在主语前。 be的一般过去时:学习动词be的一般过去时，下面有一口诀，它可以帮你们更好地掌 握动词be的一般过去时。 be的过去时有四巧: 一是时间状语巧， 表示过去的短语要记牢, 二是形式巧，单数was，复数were, 三巧是否定句结构，not紧跟was,were, 四是疑问句式巧，was,were向前跑(提前)。 【一巧】时间状语,即标志词,巧。一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，恰巧与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。 1. yesterday或以其构成的短语:yesterday

3、 morning(afternoon, evening)等; 2. 由“last+一时间名词”构成的短语:last night, last year (winter, month, week)等; 3. 由“时间段+ago”构成的短语:a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago等; 4. 其它:just now等 5. 由某些表示过去时态的从句等。 【二巧】形式巧。它与一般现在时一样，形式多样:当主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单数时，谓语动词用was,主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时，谓语动词用were。 例如: I was in the classro

4、om yesterday morning, 昨天早上我在教室里。 1 He was at school last Tuesday, 上周二他在学校。 They were over there a moment ago, 刚才他们在那边。 【三巧】否定句结构巧。与动词be的一般现在时一样，它在动词后面加not即可变成否定句，并且was, were与not可以缩写成wasnt, werent。即: 主语 ， wasnt, werent ， 表语 ， 其他。例如: I was not (,wasnt) here yesterday, 昨天我不在这儿。 My parents were not (,we

5、rent) at home last Sunday, 上周日我父母不在家。 【四巧】 疑问句式巧。把was, were提到句首，句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。即: Was(Were) ， 主语 ，表语 ， 其他,这恰巧与动词be的一般现在时的疑问句式相似。例如: Were you at home the day before yesterday, 前天你在家吗, Was she late this morning,今天早上她迟到了吗, 更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似，肯定回答用“Yes, 主语，was,were,”, 否定回答用“No,主语，wasnt,werent,”。 例如:Were Wei

6、Hua and Han Mei here just now, 刚才魏华和韩梅在这儿吗, Yes, they were, (No, they werent,) 是的，她们在。,不，她们不在。, 一般过去时主要是通过谓语动词的变化来表示的。英语中每种时态都要求谓语动词进行相应的变化。在一般过去时里，要求谓语动词用动词“过去式”。 原形动词变为过去式，可以概括为两类:一类是规则的变化，另一类是不规则的变化。 1.规则变化的动词过去式 规则变化的动词过去式 (1) 在词尾加ed 或d 英语中大部分动词过去式都是规则变化的，即在动词后加上ed,如果结尾字母是不发音的e，则只要加上一个d就行了。例如: w

7、ork-worked clean-cleaned play-played decide-decided live-lived love-loved (2) 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed study-studied hurry-hurried carry-carried (3) 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母再加ed stop-stopped drop-dropped 2.不规则变化的动词过去式 不规则变化是指过去式不能加ed，用另外一个词来表示。这样的不规则过去式也有很多，只有靠一个一个去记忆了。例如: is/am-was are-were have/has-had shall

8、-should will-would can-could may- might go-went come-came take-took 2 sit-sat say-said get-got swim-swam run-ran write-wrote sing-sang tell-told speak-spoke begin-began break-broke 不规则变化中，还有少数词的过去式与原形动词完成相同,read的过去式只是读音改变了。例如: cut-cut put-put let-let read-read red keep-kept feel-felt sleep-slept swe

9、ep-swept build-built lend-lent send-sent spend-spent ring-rang sit-sat drink-drank sing-sang swim-swam think-thought buy-bought bring-brought fight-fought teach-taught catch-caught know-knew grow-grew throw-threw draw-drew 3.规则动词过去式的读音 在清辅音p k f s 等后，ed要读t。例如: worked, finished 在元音或浊辅音b g v z m等后，ed要

10、读d。例如:lived, called 在t或d后，ed读id。例如:started，needed 一般过去时 - 疑问句型 过去时的一般疑问句可以分为两类。 1.was / were, 它们的一般疑问句是将was / were,移到主语前面，否定句是直接在它们后面加上not。例如: He was very busy last Friday. He wasnt very busy last Friday. Was he very busy last Friday? Yes, he was. / No, he wasnt 2. 实义动词 实义动词过去式的一般疑问句，是在主语前加上did,否定句是

11、在谓语动词前加上did not，并将谓语动词改为动词原形。请注意:过去时不分人称和单复数，都是加did或did not。 例如: Li Ming studied English this morning. Did Li Ming study English this morning,Yes, he did. /No, he didnt. Li Ming didnt study English this morning. We often played badminton together. Did you play badminton together? Yes, we did. / No,

12、we didnt. We didnt play badminton together. 其次，had 作为实义动词的话，加did或did not. 例如:They had a meeting last Friday. Did they have a meeting last Friday? Yes, they did. No, they didnt. They didnt have a meeting last Friday. 3 3.过去时的特殊疑问句 How did you find the job? I found it in the newspaper.这工作你是怎么知道的,我从报纸上

13、看到的。 一般现在时要和现在的时间相联系，而一般过去时和说话的“现在”没有联系。 His father is a film director.他父亲是电影导演。 (他现在还是) His father was a film director.他父亲曾是电影导演。 (他现在不是) How do you like the novel?你觉得这部小说怎么样, (还在看小说) How did you like the novel? 你觉得这部小说怎么样, (已看完小说) 一般过去时 - 句型口诀 一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。 动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。 否定句很简单，didnt 站

14、在动词原形前，其它部分不要变。 一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。 特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。 最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。 【课堂练习】 一、写出下列动词的过去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw _ kick_ pass_ do _ 二、用be动词的适当形式填空 1. I _ an English teacher now. 2. She _ happy yest

15、erday. 3. They _ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends. 5. The little dog _ two years old this year. 6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here. 7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday. 8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All th

16、e students _ very excited. 三、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night. 3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go) 4 4. _ you _(visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _. 6. Gao Shan _ (pull) u

17、p carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _. 8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly. 9. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday 10. 10. We all _ (have) a good time last night. 四、 改错题 1,How is Jane yesterday? _ 2,

18、He go to school by bus last week. _ 3,He often goes home at 6:00 last month. _ 4,I can fly kites seven years ago. _ 5,Did you saw him just now. _ 6,Tom wasnt watch TV last night. _ 7,I didnt my homework yesterday. _ 8,He wait for you three hours ago. _ 9,Who find it just now ? _ 10.What make him cry

19、 (哭) just now? _ 【课后练习】 1、 单项选择: 从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。 ( )1, My father,ill yesterday, A, isnt B, arent C, wasnt D, werent ( )2, ,your parents at home last week, A, Is B, Was C, Are D, Were ( )3, The twins,in Dalian last year, They,here now, A, are; were B, were; are C, was; are D, were; was ( )4,

20、,your father at work the day,yesterday(前天, A, Was; before B, Is; before C, Was; after D, Is; after ( )5, Who was on duty last Friday, , A, I am B, I was C, Yes, I was D, No, I wasnt ( )6. I cleaned my classroom _. A with three hours B three hours ago C in three hours D three hours before 5 ( ) 7. I

21、came _ my house two days ago . A back on B back to C to back D back ( ) 8 . _? He did some reading at home. A What does your father do yesterday evening B What does your brother do in the school C What did your brother do over the weekend D Where did your brother go last Sunday ( ) 9. What did you d

22、o _ ? I went to the movies. A next morning Bover the weekend C in the weekend D next Monday ( ) 10. The koala sleeps _，but gets up _. A during the day; at the evening B at day ;during night C in the day ;during the evening D during the day ; at night 二、请用正确动词形式填空。 1. I _ (have) an exciting party las

23、t weekend. 2. _ she _(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _. 3. What _ Tom _ (do) on Saturday evening? He _(watch) TV and _(read) an interesting book. 4. They all _(go) to the mountains yesterday morning. 5. She _(not visit) her aunt last weekend. She _ (stay) at home and _(do) some cleaning. 6.

24、 When _ you _(write) this song? I _(write) it last year. 7. My friend, Carol, _(study) for the math test and _(practice) English last night. 8. _ Mr. Li _(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _. 9. How _(be) Jims weekend? It _(be not) bad. 10. _ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No

25、. she _. 三、翻译下列句子 1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。 I _ _ _ _ exciting weekend. 2. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。 Jenny likes _ _. She _ an English book last night. 3. Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。 Emma_ TV every day. But he _ _ _ yesterday. 4. 上周六他们做什么了,他们做作业和购物了。 What _ they _ _ Saturday? They _ _ homework and _ _. 5. 今天早上方方得做饭，因

26、为他父亲不在家。 This morning Fangfang _ _ _ _ because his father _ _ _ yesterday. 6 6. 你还有什么要说的, What _ would you like _ _? 7. 放学别忘了向老师说声再见。 Dont forget _ _ _ _ the teacher. 8. 为什么你昨晚没有看电视, Why _ you _ TV last night? 9. 他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。 When he _ the classroom, he _ a watch on the ground. 10. 他什么时候出生的,19

27、80年。 -When _ he _? -_ 1980. 四、改写句子: 1、Lucy did her homework at home.,改否定句,Lucy _ _ her homework at home. 2、He found some meat in the fridge,冰箱,.,变一般疑问句) _ he _ _ meat in the fridge? 3、There was some orange in the cup.,变一般疑问句)_ there _ orange in the cup? 4. Frank read an interesting book about history. ,一般疑问句, _ Frank _ an interesting book about history? 5. Why not go out for a walk? ,同义句, _ _ _ out for a walk? 6. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. ,否定句, Thomas_ _RMB 10 on this book. 7. My family w