新版牛津英语8A知识点&语法汇总.doc

1、牛津英语8A 知识点&语法汇总Unit 1知识点1. 数字+more = another +数字 E.g. three more = another three2. maybe adv. “也许、可能”，在句中作状语，相当于perhaps，常位于句首. may be中，may是情态动词，be是动词原形，两者构成完整的谓语形式，与主语形成系表结构，意为“也许是、可能是”。Maybe和may be可相互转换。X k B 1 . c o mHe may be in the office.= Maybe he is in the office. 他或许在办公室。You may be right.= M

2、aybe you are right. 你或许是对的。3. an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 a dishonest boy 一个不诚实的男孩4. have problems （复数）(in) doing sth. = have trouble（不可数） (in) doing sth. = have difficulty （不可数）(in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 5. tell lies 说谎 tell stories 讲故事 tell jokes 讲笑话 lie v.动词， 躺 lie -lay-lain lie v. 说谎 lie-lied-lied n.名词，谎话

3、 tell lies 说谎 6.one of +形容词最高级+可数名词名词复数 E.g. one of my best friends one of the tallest boys7. has 动词，“长着，”在句中作谓语动词； with 介词，“长着，戴着”，在句中作定语 wear 动词，“穿着，戴着”，在句中作谓语动词； in 介词，“穿着”，在句中作定语 1) My sister has short hair. 动词，长着，做谓语动词 2） The girl with short hair is my sister.介词，长着，做定语，修饰the girl,不可用has,因为句中已经有

4、谓语动词is 3)My sister wears small round glasses. 4)The girl with small round glasses is my sister.课本例句：Shes a small girl with a ponytail.（page14)（作定语）8. say a bad word about sb.说某人的坏话 “众说纷纭” say +说话内容E.g.say a bad word about sb； say to oneself 自言自语； speak +语言; 打电话；作演讲 talk with/to sb.; talk about sth.

5、tell sb sth.; tell sb. (not) to do sth.;tell stories/jokes/lies 讲故事/讲笑话/说谎9.true adj.正确的，真实的 truly adv.（副词） truth n. 真相，真理，事实10.sb.worry about sth./sb. =sb. be worried about sth./sb. 某人担心某事/某人 sth. worry(worries三单/worried过去式) sb.某事让某人担忧E.g. Something worries me.(something 不定代词做主语，谓语动词用三单）11.look sma

6、rt in his small round glasses 戴着圆圆的小眼镜让他看起来很神气 sb. look +adj.+in sth. = sth. look +adj.+on sb.13.be famous to 对于.很出名 be famous as 作为.出名 be famous for 因为.很出名14.listen to sb. carefully 认真地听某人讲话 careful adj. 认真的，仔细的 adv.carefully adj. careless 粗心的 adv.carelessly 15.luck n. 运气 Good luck to you.祝你好运。 luc

7、ky adj. 幸运的-luckily adv. unlucky adj.不幸的16.take part in +比赛/活动= join in +比赛/活动 “参加.” join +组织/sb. “加入”join sb. in doing sth. 加入某人做某事17.smile v.& n. 微笑 adj. smiling 微笑的 smiling eyes wear/have a smile on ones face 面带微笑18.care vi/vt：关心，关注，在意还可作名词，译为“小心，照料”形容词形式有两个：careful(小心的，仔细的)，careless“粗心的”；其对应的副词形

8、式为：carefully “小心地，仔细地”，carelessly“粗心地”。【扩展学习】care常见的短语：care for照顾；take care注意，当心；care about关心；关怀；take good care of= look after well照顾19.make使役动词，其后可接动词原形、形容词或名词作宾语补足语。make具体用法如下：(1) make+sb./sth.+adj. “使某人或某事变得.” Ill make it easier.我将使他变得更容易些。(2) make+sb./sth.+n. “使某人或某物成为.”(3) make sb. do sth. “让/迫

9、使某人做某事”20. patient n. 病人 adj.有耐心的 impatient 没有耐心的，急躁的 an impatient teacher21.形容词中比较级和最高级需要双写最后一个字母，再加er/est大（big)热（hot）天,一个穿红（red）衣浑身湿（wet）透的伤感（sad）胖（fat）子想要变得又瘦（thin）又苗条（slim）22.what be sb。like ?问某人的长相或品格what do(does) sb. look like?仅询问某人的长相what do(does) sb. like?问某人喜欢什么练习：一、单项选择1. Well try our best

10、 to do the work with _ money _ people. A. few, little B. a few, a little C. less, fewer D. fewer, less 2. Now more and more Chinese people are _ enough to buy cars. A. rich B. weak C. poor D. strong 3. What about _ football? A. to play B. play C. playing D. play 4. - Look! This sweater is beautiful.

11、-_. A. Why not try it on B. Why not try on it C. Why not trying it on D. Why not trying on it 5. What will you do if it _ tomorrow? A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining 6. The more , the _. A. good B. best C. better D. well 7. Max has a good sense _ humor. A. of B. with C. to D. for 8. Bills

12、mother never goes to bed _ he is back from school. A. until B. as C. since D. if 9. -I think Miss Smith must be in her office. I have some question to ask her.-No, she _ be there. Ive just been there. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. wont 10. Usually, Betty _ colorful T-shirts in summer. A. wears B. i

13、s dressed C. is wearing D. dresses 11. -Would you like some more tea? _ , please. A. No more B. Just a little C. Ive had enough D. Yes, I would 12. Lets stop _. I know a good restaurant near here. A. to have a meal B. to have a rest C. having a rest D. having a meal 13. -Mum, may I have some cakes?

14、-Sorry, theres _ left in the box. Ill go and buy some for you tonight. A. nothing B. no one C. no D. none 14. I was born in Xuzhou _ 4th May 1964. A. at B. in C. on D. from 15. The weather in Beijing is colder in winter than _ in Hainan. A. it B. that C. this D. one 16. Kate likes to work _ children

15、. A. for B. with C. to D. of17. His works made us _. A. to laugh B. laugh C. laughing D. laughed 18. Do you _ singing an English song? A. want B. would like C. feel like D. want to 19. I think Kate is better for playing basketball, because She is _ than Jenny. A. shorter B. quieter C. taller D. fatt

16、er 20. My sister is as _ at maths as me. She often gets _ grades. A. well, good B. better, had C. well, well D. good, goodKeys: 1-5 CACAB 6-10 CAAAA 11-15 BADCB 16-20 BBCCD二、词汇A根据中文提示完成单词1. I am _(乐意) to share a room with ma sister .2. Tom has poor _(视力) because of working on the computer too much a

17、t night.3. He is too _ (紧张的) to answer my questions.4. I feel really _ (不舒服的) when they talk me .5. I hope you can give me some _(建议)B.用所给单词的正确形式填空1. Playing football is _ (healthy) than watching TV.2. It took me _ (little) than a week to finish the work.3. He tells _ (fun) jokes and always makes me

18、 laugh .4. I will be happy if I can make people_(happy) again.5. I like her bright , _ (smile) eyes.C.用所给动词的适当形式填空1. I want _ (tell) you my friend Betty.2. Li Lei always make us _ (laugh) .3. He often _(knock) our books and pens off the desk.4. My mother is a good cook . She is good at _ (cook).5. I

19、 will go to the park if it _ (not rain) tomorrow.Keys: A: 1. willing 2. eyesight 3. nervous 4. uncomfortable 5. advice B: 1. healthier 2. less 3. funny 4.happy 5. smiling C: 1. to tell 2. laugh 3. knocks 4. cooking 5. doesnt rain【Grammar】形容词的比较级和最高级形容词比较级(一)一般句式的构成： A + is / are+ 形容词比较级+ than + BA 是

20、主格 B 是宾格如： She is taller than me.主格 形容词比较级 宾格 （二）英语形容词比较级的构成英语形容词比较等级有三个：原级，比较级和最高级。形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。规则变化1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）【例】 原级 比较级 最高级great greater greatestsmall smaller smallestclean cleaner cleanest2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级）【例】 fine finer finestwidewide wider widest3）闭音节单音节词如末

21、尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）【例】 big bigger biggesthot hotter hottestred redder reddest4）少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）。以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。【例】 clever cleverer cleverestnarrow narrower narrowestable abler ablesteasy easier easiest5）其它双音节和多音

22、节词皆在前面加单词more和most。【例】 careful more careful most carefuldifficult more difficult most difficultdelicious more delicious most delicious不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级good/well better bestbad worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastfar farther/further farthest/furthest注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如： right, wrong, woolen等。形

23、容词的比较等级的用法：比较级用于二者的比较。【例】 Li Ping is older than Wang Hai. 李平比王海年纪大。There are more students in Class One than in Class Two.一班比二班学生多。二、形容词的比较级用法1. 表一方超过另一方用“比较级 + than”E.g He is taller than me. 2.“the +比较级, the+比较级 越, 越E.g. 1) 越多越好。the more, the better 2) 越少越坏。The less, the worse 3) 越晚越危险。The later, t

24、he more dangerous 3. “more and more +原级” (只用于以“more”构成比较级的词) 意为“越来越.”E.g. 1) 他的鞋子越来越脏。His shoes are_ 2) 衣服越来越贵。Clothes are 4.“the + 比较级 + of 两者” 表示“在两者中较E.g. Lily is _ (short) of the two girls.5. 为免重复，在than后常用one(s), that, those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。 E.g. The weather there is better than _ in Nanjing. A. on

25、e B. it C. that D. Those6. 在比较级前可用 much, even, a little, a lot,far等来修饰E.g. Now the air in our hometown is _ than it was before. A. much better B. more worse C. more better D. much worst“Which/Who is+比较级， A or B?”意为“A和B哪一个/谁更.?”“比较级+ than any other+单数名词”或“比较级+ than the other+复数名词”意为“比其他.都要.”E.g. Spri

26、ng is the best season.=Spring is better _ _.=Spring is better _ _ _ _ .三、adj.最高级的用法1.三者或以上相比, 表示最高程度用 “the/ones + 最高级+ of/among/in ” in表示环境范围，其后的名词与主语不是同一概念范畴；of表示对象范畴，其后的名词与主语是同一概念范畴。among通常接代词宾格、指示代词these, those以及没有数词修饰的复数名词2. one of +the +最高级+复数名词“最之一”E.g. The hair clip is one of _ (pretty) among

27、 those ones.He was one of _(fast) _(swim).3.最高级+范围=比较级+than any other +单数名词 =比较级+than the other +复数名词E.g. Max is the tallest boy in our class=Max is taller than any other boy in our class.=Max is taller than the other boys in our class.4.the second/third/fourth+最高级表示“第几”E.g. Millie is the third tallest in her class. E.g. Huanghe is shorter than Changjiang, but longer than the other rivers in China. = Huanghe is _ _ _ river in China.5. “Which