人教版八年级下册英语第四单元重点归纳.docx

1、人教版八年级下册英语第四单元重点归纳人教版八年级下册英语第四单元重点归纳 Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents?短语归纳 1.have free time 有空闲时间 2.allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 3.too many太多 4.hang out with sb.与某人闲逛 5.get into a fight with sb.与某人吵架/打架 6.until midnight直到半夜 7.talk to sb.与某人交谈 8.after-school classes 课外活动课 9.study too much学得过多 1

2、0.get enough sleep 有足够的睡眠 11.write sb.a letter 给某人写信 12.call sb.up 打电话给某人 13.surprise sb.令某人惊讶 14.look through翻看 15.be angry with sb.生某人的气 16.a big deal 重要的事 17.work out成功地发展;解决 18.get on with与相处好 19.fight a lot经常吵架/打架 20.hang over 笼罩 21.refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 22.offer to do sth.主动提出做某事 23.so that以便

3、 24.mind sb.doing sth.介意某人做某事 25.all the time 一直 26.in future 今后 27.make sb.angry使某人生气 28.worry about sth.担心某事 29.family members 家庭成员 30.copy one s homework抄袭某人的作业 31.be oneself做自己 32.cut out删除 33.spend time alone 独自消磨时光 34.have a fight with sb.与某人吵架 pete with sb.与某人竞争 36.free time activities 业余活动 3

4、7.get better grades 取得更好的成绩 38.give one s opinion提出某人的观点 39.learn exam skills 学习应试技巧 40.practice sports 体育训练 41.cause stress 造成压力 41.give sb.pressure 给某人施压 用法集萃 1.Why dont you talk to your parents?你为什么不和你打父母谈谈呢？Why dont you do sth?=Why not do sth?为什么不.呢？用于提建议的句型有：(1)What about doing sth?=How about d

5、oing sth?.怎么样？(2)Why dont you do sth?=Why not do sth?为什么不呢？(3)Lets do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。(4)Shall we/I do sth?我们做好吗？(5)had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事(6)Will/Would you please do sth 请你做好吗？(7)Would you like to do sth?你想去做某事吗？(8)Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗？【回答】(1).同意对方的建议时，一般用 Good idea./Thats good

6、idea.好主意 OK/All right./Great 好/行/太好了 Yes,please./Id love to 是的/我愿意 I agree with you 我同意你的看法 No problem 没问题 Sure/Of course/Certainly 当然可以 Yes,I think so 对，我也这样想(2).对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时，一般用：I dont think so 我认为不是这样 Sorry,I cant 对不起，我不能 Id love to,but Im afraid我愿意，但恐怕 2.I have to study too much so I dont ge

7、t enough sleep.我要学的太多，因此我睡眠不足。(1)too many+复数名词 许多 too many people (2)too much+不可数名词 许多 too much homework (3)much too+形容词 太 much too cold so conj.因此(表示因果关系，后面跟表示结果的句子，不与because 同时使用）3.My parents dont allow me to hang out with my friends.我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们出去闲逛。allow sb.to do sth 允许某人做某事 allow v 允许 allow d

8、oing sth 允许做某事 They dont allow smoking.allow sb.to do sth 允许某人做某事 My mother allows me to watch TV.be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事 allow 与 let的辨析：allow 指“允许”，表示“默许，听任，不加阻止”，allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事。Let指“让”，let sb do sth让某人做某事，语意较弱，多用于口语中，let不能用于被动语态.4.Whats wrong?怎么啦？用来询问某人最近身体状况和发展。Whats wrong(with sb.

9、/sth)（某人/物）怎么了？5.Im really tried because I studied until midnight last night.我真的很累，因为我昨天晚上一直学习到半夜。1)until 直到.时 Please hold on to your dream until one day it comes true.1 词(表动作、状态的继续)为止，在之前;(用于否定句)到为止；直到才 until 与表示延续性的动词连用，表示动作及状态继续到某一个时刻。I waited until three oclock.我一直等到三点钟。The noise didnt stop unti

10、l midnight.噪音一直到午夜才停止。连词(表动作、状态的继续)直到（另一动作或状态出现）之前;(用于否定句)直到，直到才 He lived with his parents until he got married.他与父母住在一起直到结婚为止。2)使用注意事项：注意事项一 until 用于肯定句中，表示主句的动作一直持续到从句动作发生或状态出现时为止。一般可译为“直到为止”。在这种用法中，主句的谓语动词必须是持续动词(非瞬间动词)，如live,wait,last,love,like,stay,work,continue 等。until 用于否定句中,表示主句的动作在从句的动作发生之前

11、尚未发生，或者说主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始。一般可译为“直到才”。注意事项二 until 后面的从句中不能用一般将来时，应该用一般现在时代替。所谓的“主将从现”。He will stay here until his mother comes back.They will study at the school until their parents come to take them home.注意事项三（该考点为高中内容）till 和 until 的意思基本相同，用法也基本一样，但 until 语气较重，多用于较正式的文体里。till 多用于英式英语，until 多用于美式英语；

12、till 不能用在句首，也不能用在 not开头的短语或从句里，而until 可以。在这种情况下应用倒装语序。Until he came home,we knew the news.在他到家之前，我们不知道这消息。Not until nine oclock yesterday evening did we finish the work.直到昨晚九点，我们才完成这项工作。注意事项四(该考点在初中阶段基本不涉及)until 与 before 在多数情况下可以替换。意义差别不大。不可换用的情况：主句为肯定句，且谓语动词为瞬间动词，只能用 before 不能用 until。这时候 before 常意为

13、“没来得及”或“才”等。The students wont go home until/before they finish their homework.The woman worked in the factory until/before 1990.Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.He had measured me before I could get in a word.3)till 的用法基本相同，但 until 可用于句首，而 till 通常不用于句首。Until you told me,I had heard n

14、othing of what happened.直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。Until when 疑问句中,until 要放在句首 Until when are you staying?你呆到什么时候？-Until next Monday.呆到下周一 6.Why dont you go to sleep earlier this evening?今天晚上你为什么不早点睡觉呢？go to sleep 去睡觉(强调“入睡，睡着”这一动作）7.You look sad,Kim.金,你看起来很伤心。look 看起来（系动词，后跟形容词作宾语）系动词：后跟 adj.作表语 一是：（be）

15、am/is/are be quiet=keep quiet 保持安静 二保持：stay/keep（表示持续状态）stay healthy=keep healthy 保持健康 三变化：become/get/turn（表示状态变化）五起来：sound/look/smell/taste/feel（表示感觉）8.call up(v+adv)call on 拜访；号召 I call up my parents every Sunday.9.Well,I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.哦，昨天我发现我妹妹翻了我的东西。find sb

16、.doing sth 发现某人正在做某事 Mr.Wang found Li Dong reading a storybook in the class.类似动词：hear，watch,see,feel look through 浏览 10.Yes,but Im still angry with her.是的，但是我仍然很生她的气。be angry with sb.生某人的气 angry adj.生气的 angrily adv.生气地(1)be angry with sb.=be mad at sb.对某人生气(with后接人)(2)be angry at/about sth对某事感到生气(at

17、后接事)(3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生气 11.Although shes wrong,its not a big deal.尽管她错了，但也不是什么大错。although=though 尽管,用来引导让步状语从句。though/although 不能与 but连用 1)although/however 辨析 although conj，“虽然；即使；纵然”，引导让步状语从句时放在主句前后都可。Although he is very old,yet he is quite strong.他虽然年纪大了，但身体还很健壮。however adv，在句中作插入语，起一个连词

18、的作用，一般用逗号与句子分开，可以放在句首或句中，意为“然而，尽管如此”。Its raining hard,However,I think we should go out.雨下的很大。尽管如此，我认为我们还应该出去。2)Its not a big deal.没什么大不了；不是什么大事（常用于口语中）You left your homework at home.你把作业忘在家里了。12.leave v 遗忘，留下 leave sth.somewhere 把某物忘在某地 leave sb.by oneself 把某人单独留下 13.Hope things work out.希望事情顺利解决。1)

19、hope v 希望 hope to do sth I hope to visit Guilin.hope+that 从句（表示希望）I hope that youll be better soon wish v 希望 wish to do sth I wish to visit Guilin.wish sb.to do sth 希望某人做某事 I wish you to go.wish+that 从句 表示愿望，从句用虚拟语气 I wish I were you.2)work out 解决；成功地发展，后跟 fine,well,badly等词，表明产生的结果如何。计算出（答案、数量、价格等）T

20、he math problem is too difficult for me to work out 制定出（计划等）I have worked out a new way of doing it.解决；找出的答案 The government has many problems to work out.14.My problem is I cant get on with my favorite.我的问题是我不能喝我的家人和睦相处。get on with sb.和某人和睦相处；和某人关系良好=get along with get on well/badly with 相处的好/坏 15.W

21、hen they argue,its like a big,black cloud hanging over our home.当他们争吵的时候，就像有一大团乌云笼罩在我们家。elder 用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女之间的长幼关系，常用作定语 older 泛指新旧、老幼或年龄的大小关系，可以用作表语，是 old的比较级形式。1)argue 争吵 argument n 争论 have an argument with sb.与某人辩论 argue with sb.与某人争吵 argue with sb.about sth 为某事与某人争吵 argue about sth 争论某事 argue agai

22、nst 争辩；反对 He argued against the plan 2)hang over 挂在.之上；悬浮在.之上 hang out 闲逛；常去某处 He likes reading and he often hangs out in the bookshop.hang on to 紧紧抓住 Youd better hang on to me in the crowd.hang up 挂电话；悬挂 After she finished her conversation 16.Also,my elder brother is not very nice to me.【解析】elder a

23、dj.年纪较长的 His elder brother is ill be nice to sb.对某人友好=be friendly to sb=be good to sb.17.He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show.他总是拒绝让我看我最喜欢的电视节目。refuse=say no to v 拒绝 refuse to do sth拒绝去做某事 18.Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.相反，他却想看什么酒看什么，一直到深夜。1)instead 代替，反

24、而，替 instead 副词，代替，常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情没做，而做了后面的事情。Lee was ill so I went instead.李病了，所以我去了。instead of+n/doing 代替，而不是，放在句中 instead of 为介词短语，后面一般接名词、代词、介词短语或动名词形式。She wrote to him instead of calling him.=She didnt call him.She wrote to him instead.她没有给他打电话，而是给他写了封信。2)whatever=no matter what 任何，每一 19.If you

25、r parents are having problems,you should offer to help.如果你的父母有问题，你应该主动提供帮助。offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 offer v 主动给予(1)offer to do sth 主动提出做某事(2)offer sb.sth=offer sth to sb.主动提供给某人某物 20.Secondly,why dont you sit down and communicate with your brother?其次，你为什么不能坐下来和你的哥哥交流一下呢？1）secondly adv.第二；其次 2）communi

26、cate v 交流 communication n 交流；沟通 communicate with sb.和某人交流 They communicate with each other by QQ.21.You should explain that you dont mind him watching TV all the time.你应该跟他解释说你并不介意他一直看电视。explain 解释；说明 explanation n 解释；说明 Explain sth to sb.向某人解释某事。explain to sb sth给某人解释某事 22.Im worried about my schoo

27、l grades.我很胆小我的学习成绩。Be worried about sth.担心某事 worry v 担心 worried adj.焦急的 worry about=be worried about 为担心 23.My cousin borrows my things without returning them.我堂弟借我东西没有还我。Return v 归还=give back return.To.=give back to.把.还给.v 回来；返回=come back 24.My parents give me a lot of pressure about school.我父母在学习

28、上给了我很多压力。press v 按；压 pressure 压力 不可数名词（物理学）压力 air pressure 气压 blood pressure 血压 不可数名词还可指精神上、外界施加的压力=stress under pressure 在压力下 25.I have to compete with my classmates at school.在学校我不得不和我的同学们竞争。compete v 竞争；对抗 competition n 竞争 compete with sb.和某人竞争 compete against/with 与竞争compete for 为参加比赛 26.You sho

29、uld all be helping each other to improve.你们都应该互相帮助而全面发展。improve=make.better 改进 improvement n 提高 27.Who gives their opinions about the problem?对于这个问题都有谁提出了他们自己的观点。opinion n 意见；想法；看法 in ones opinion 以某人的观点；在某人看来 give opinions about sth.给出关于某事的观点。28.These days,Chinese children are sometimes busier on w

30、eekends than weekdays because they have to take so many after-school classes.目前，中国的孩子有时周末比平常还要忙，因为他们不得不上那么多的课后辅导班。(1)some time 一段时间，做时间状语 It takes sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间(2)sometime adv 在某个时候，(3)some times 名词词组，“几次，几倍”Mr.Green went to Sonya some times last summer.(4)sometimes=at times 有时（

31、一般现在时的标志词）29.Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win.其他人正在练习体育运动，这样他们就能参与竞争并获胜。others pron.“其他的人或事物”There are other ways of doing it.做这事还有其他的办法。30.The Taylors are a typical American family.泰勒一家是一个典型的美国之家。1）The Taylors 泰勒一家。在姓氏的复数前加冠词 the 表示“全家人或夫妻两人”，使用时注意主语和谓语保持一致。The Blacks a

32、re getting ready for the holiday.2）typical 典型的 be typical of“是的特点”31.Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities,but I believe these activities are important for my childrens future.或许我可以减少他们的一些活动，但是我相信这些活动对孩子们的未来很重要。cut out 删除；删去(v+adv.)Youd better cut out that sentence.cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到 cu

33、t in 插队 cut off 切断（水、电）供应 32.I really want them to be successful.我真的很想他们成功。successful 成功的 succeed v 成功，达到 success n 成功successful adj 成功的 successfully adv 成功地 succeed in doing sth 33.Its time for homework.该写作业了。Its time for sth 是到做某事的时候了。Its time for lunch.Its time to do sth 是做某事的时候了 Its time to go to school.34.In some families,competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older.在有