专业英语自考试题 15.docx

1、专业英语自考试题 15.浙江省2009年10月自学考试专业英语试题课程代码：00196请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上本试卷分A、B卷，使用2002年版本教材的考生请做A卷，使用2006年版本教材的考生请做B卷；若A、B两卷都做的，以B卷记分。A卷.Choose the best answer for each blank (10 points, 1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。（本大题共10小题,每小题1分，共10分）1. The researcher should report, with complete _, flaws in proce

2、dural design.A. confidence B. frankness C. carelessness D. ignorance2. The final component of the strategic management process is _.A. strategic analysis B. strategic assessment C. strategic formulation D. strategic control3. The _ approach attempted to build specific procedures and processes into o

3、perations to ensure coordination of effort.A. systematic management B. scientific managementC. administrative management D. human relations4. Good researchers always specify the conditions under which their conclusions seem to be _. A. formal B. officialC. useless D. valid5. More than any other grou

4、p, the _ represent the hotel to its guests. A. managers B. housekeepersC. desk clerk D. safeguards6. Economics is usually defined in terms of _, a situation in which there is not enough of something to meet everyones wants.A. scarcity B. utility C. validity D. availability7. For downward communicati

5、on, managers should provide _ information to their subordinates.A. all B. relevant C. insufficient D. certain8. The major difference between restaurants and catering business in their way of operation is_.A. the kind of food B. the premise of business C. the type of service D. the location of servic

6、e9. The classical approaches in management include the following except_.A. bureaucracy B. public relationsC. administrative management D. scientific management10. The price of one currency in terms of another is called a (n) _.A. interest rate B. exchange rateC. interchange rate D. currency rate.Cl

7、oze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项，根据上下文要求选出最佳答案。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）The most important theory about how people interpret their outcomes is equity theory. Equity theory proposes that when people assess how fairly they were treated, they consider two key factors: outcom

8、es and inputs. 11 , as in expectancy theory, refer to the various things the employee receives on the job: 12 , pay, benefits, satisfaction, security, job assignments, punishments, and so forth. Inputs refer to the 13 the employee makes to the organization: effort, time, talent, performance, extra c

9、ommitment, good citizenship, and so forth. People have a general expectation that the outcomes they receive will reflect, or be 14 to, the inputs they providea fair days pay for a fair days work. But this comparison of outcomes to inputs is not the whole 15 . People also pay attention to the outcome

10、s and inputs others receive. Equity theory suggests that people compare the 16 of their own outcomes to inputs against the outcome-to-input ratio of some comparison person. The 17 person can be a co-worker, a boss, or an impersonal item. If the ratios are equivalent, people believe the relationship

11、is 18 , or fair. Equity causes people to be satisfied with their treatment. But the person who believes his or her ratio is 19 than others will feel inequitably treated. Inequity causes dissatisfaction and leads to an attempt to 20 balance to the relationship.11. A. Inputs B. Results C. Outcomes D.

12、Rewards12. A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognized D. recognition13. A. conditions B. distributions C. contributions D. reasons14. A. proportionate B. out of proportion C. disproportionate D. acceptable15. A. fiction B. novel C. story D. history16. A. rate B. rational C. ration D. ratio17. A. c

13、omparable B. comparative C. comparison D. compare18. A. equitable B. equal C. equality D. equivalent19. A. more B. higher C. lower D. fewer20. A. alternate B. innovate C. return D. restore .Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each item) 阅读下列短文，根据短文，在每个问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 （本大题共15小题，每小题2分，

14、共30分）Passage OneA more serious problem plaguing travel agents as a result of deregulation, however, has been its impact on the airline industry. Deregulation, as it was intended, has led to open competition, which, in turn, has led to various forms of airline price wars on domestic routes. With nume

15、rous discount ticket programs, almost all of which have restrictions, frequent flyer programs offering free travel bonuses also subject to certain restrictions and daily changing rate structures, it is not surprising to find travel agents almost as confused as the travelers themselves. What is worse

16、 for travel agents is the fact that an increasingly large volume of sales of highly discounted tickets is required to produce even small yields. Often the cost of service to sell a discounted ticket will exceed the commission earned.The trend toward becoming a franchisee or joining a cooperative tra

17、vel group continues to grow, since independents do not enjoy the override commissions negotiated by the large travel companies with carriers. These overrides can amount to an additional 5 percent commission, and can increase the travel agents profit by up to 50 percent.The independent travel agency

18、with no affiliation is fading away, replaced by mega-agencies and franchise agreements. The independent agency can survive by joining a cooperative marketing service or a consortium of agencies that is necessary to negotiate the override enjoyed by the franchised and mega-agency. Not only do the con

19、sortiums provide override enhancement, they offer help with securing bonds, corporate rates from hotels, mutual purchasing and insurance plans, and member educational plans. Travel agencies normally are open five days a week but a consortium or franchiser can set up 24-hour, 7-day-a-week service.Tra

20、vel agency owners must review their market position from time to time and emphasize sales that produce the highest profit. Some travel agency owners have decided to sell only tours or cruises, high ticket items. Others develop their own tours. Business opportunities require staff with professional k

21、nowledge of market competition.21. Which of the following is the result of deregulation?A. Less domestic routes B. Airline price warsC. More frequent flyers D. Increasing tourism sales22. Which of the following statement is true about air travelers?A. They get free travel bonuses without restriction

22、sB. They are confused C. They are not influenced by daily changing rate structuresD. They get the discounted tickets from travel agents only23. The independent agency will have to _ to survive.A. put more advertisements to sell tickets B. provide training course for employees to increase sellsC. wor

23、k longer hours and more days in a weekD. become a member of a consortium24. Why do the independent agencies have to join a cooperative travel group or to become a franchisee?A. They can sell more tickets at a normal price.B. They can get lower ticket discount from airlines.C. They can attract more t

24、ourists based on the advertisements.D. They can enjoy the override commissions.25. Which of the following is not the help provided by a consortium? A. Mutual sales plansB. Member educational plansC. Corporate rates from hotelsD. Override enhancementPassage TwoAn important statement of how people mak

25、e choices is the subjectively expected utility (SEU) model. This model states that individuals choose the option that they subjectively believe will have the highest value, or utility. In the simplest case, SEU = (p u).SEU is the subjectively expected utility, or value, of an alternative; p is the p

26、robability that a given consequence will occur; and u is the utility of the outcome. According to the model, people will choose the alternative that has the highest SEU (value) and reject alternatives of lesser value. This is rational, maximizing choice.Consider a simple example. A company is consid

27、ering an acquisition and has narrowed its choice to two firms. Many factors must be considered, including the target companies current financial strengths, management teams, product lines, and physical assets. Management concludes that the outcome of owning Company A has a utility (u) of .80 and tha

28、t of owning Company B has a utility of .60. In other words, both companies have some appeal, but A is more attractive than B. However, management expects Company A to fight the takeover and thus perceives only a .30 probability of successfully acquiring Company A. On the other hand, management expec

29、ts an .80 probability of a successful acquisition of Company B.The SEU values for the two courses of action are. 24 (.80.30) for Company A and .48 (.60.80) for Company B. Even though A is more attractive, the SEU model predicts that B will be chosen over A. This is because, given the different proba

30、bilities of success, management subjectively expects a better final outcome on a bid for Company B.26. The SEU model states how people_.A. make choices B. make solutionsC. evaluate decisions D. identify problems27. In the SEU model, “p” is_.A. an occurrenceB. the probability of an occurrenceC. the o

31、utcomeD. the utility of the outcome28. The word “acquisition” in the 2nd sentence of the 3rd paragraph can be replaced by _.A. expectation B. possessionC. exploration D. generation29. The factors that must be considered about the target companies include all the following except _.A. financial status B. product linesC. employee teams D. physical assets30. In the example, Company B will be chosen because it has_.A. a higher utility than Company AB. a lower utility than Company AC. a higher probability of being successfully acquired D. a lower probability of being successfully acquiredP