中考之介词固定搭配.doc

1、中考专题一之介词知识讲解二：单项选择题之介词固定搭配。一、考纲解读考点要求广东省省卷五年中考统计中考预测20102011201220132014时间介词、地点介词、方式介词掌握32题32题介词和各类词搭配构词的短语掌握常用介词的用法及辨析掌握32题32题32题分析解读：熟悉掌握常用介词的基本用法（表示时间、地点、方式等），以及一些常见的固定搭配。由于每个介词都可以表达不同的含义，且无规律可循，因此在备考时考生应该注意收集介词和各类词搭配构成的短语。二、 考点一 介词和各类词搭配构成的短语（一） 介词与动词搭配介词介词与动词搭配inarrive in/at 到达；do well in 在.方面做

2、得好；give in 投降; believe in 信任forask for 要，请求；leave for离开一地方去另一地;go in for 爱好,参与考试；send for 派人去请；wait for 等候，等待；look for 寻找ongo on 继续; pass on 传递；call on 号召，访问，邀请；depend on 依靠，依赖；fromhear from 收到.来信；learn from 向.学习ofhear of 听说; think of 考虑，关心；die of 死于withhelp sb. with sth 帮助某人做某事; fill with 充满，装满；beg

3、in with 以开始；deal/do with 处理，对待；meet with 偶尔遇见，遭遇；totalk to 与.谈话；speak to 对某人说；listen to 听；point to 指着；write to 写信给；get to 到达；belong to 属于atlook at(有意识地)看;arrive in/at 到达；shout at 对大声叫喊；smile at 向微笑；laugh at 嘲笑；其他turn into 把变成；look like 看起来像；look after 照顾，照看；（二）介词与名词搭配介词介词与动词搭配inin English 用英语；in sur

4、prise 惊奇地；in a low voice 低声地；in a word 总而言之，一句话；in trouble 处于困境中；in fact 事实上；in order 按顺序，整齐，正常；in line 成一直线；in silence 不作声；in public 公开地；in a minute 一会儿；in on time 立刻，很快；in the day 在白天；in a short while 不久；in time 及时；in life 一生中；in a hurry 匆忙，急忙；in bed 卧床；in front of 在前面；in the middle在中间；in the sun

5、在阳光下；in the tree 在树上；in the street 在街上；in space 在太空；in town 在城里；in the distance 在远处；onon time 准时，按时；on ones way to 在某人去.的路上；on duty 值日；on the left/right在左/右边；on the one hand.,on the other hand 一方面., 另一方面；on the top of 在顶上；on the radio 通过无线电广播；toto ones surprise/joy 使某人吃惊/高兴的是；withwith a smile带着微笑out

6、out of breath 上气不接下气；out of sight 消失，看不见；out of work 失业； atat home 在家；at the meeting 在会上；at dinner 在吃正餐；at the table 在桌子旁；at work 在工作；at school 在校上学；at the back of 在后面at night 在晚上；at noon 在中午；at the same time 同时；at the beginning of 在开始；at the end of 在结尾；byby bus 乘坐公共汽车；by the way 顺便说说、问问；by hand 用手，

7、手工，亲手；by the end of 到结束时；by train 乘火车；by spaceship 乘坐宇宙飞船；（三） 介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配介词与形容词搭配与过去分词搭配与动词等搭配inbe born in 出生于.；be interested in 对.感兴趣；take part in 参加；atbe good at 擅长.；be angry at sth.为某事生气；be surprised at .感到惊奇/诧异；ofbe proud of 为.而自豪/骄傲；be full of 充满.；be sure of 确信.；be made of 由.制成；be tired o

8、f 讨厌.，厌倦.;take/catch hold of 抓住；take care of 照顾，处理；keep out of 不让进入；withbe strict with 对.严格要求；be angry with sb. 对某人生气；be busy with 忙于.；be satisfied with sth. 对某事感到满意；catch up with 跟上，赶上；have nothing to do with 与.无关；intobreak into 闯入；tobe kind to sb. 对某人友好be used to 习惯于.；go to school 去上学；go to bed/sl

9、eep 去睡觉；give a lesson to 给.上课；go to the cinema 去看电影；say hello to 向.问好；look forward to 盼望，期待；ongo on strike 罢工；注意：be made和be used 之后介词的选择be made 常见结构be made in 在某地制造I hear that iphone is made in China.I hear that Nike is made in Dongguan.be made of 和be made from 都可以表示“用.制成”，但be made of 强调从成品上能看出原材料，而

10、be made from 则表示从成品上看不出原材料。The desk is made of wood.这张桌子是用木头制成的。Paper is made from wood.纸是用木头制成的。be made into 被制成.This piece of wood will be made into a small bench.这块木头将要被制成一个小凳子。be made up of 由.组成The group is made up of five students.这一组由五个学生组成。be used 常见结构be used to =become used to= get used to 习

11、惯于做.，后接名词、代词或动名词。He is used to getting up early.be used to被用来（做），后接动词原形。A pan is used to cook.锅是用来做饭的。A white board is used to teach.be used for 意义相当于be used to do, 但for后接动名词形式。A pan is used for cooking. A white board is used for teaching.be used as 被当做.来使用A dictionary is used as a tool for study.词典

12、被用来作为学习的工具。be used by 被. 使用My car is used by my friend yesterday.我的车昨天由我朋友使用。三、 考点二 动词短语动词+介词 相当于及物动词，需跟宾语go over,listen to,look at,look for,play with,think aboutLook at the blackboard.看黑板。Listen to me carefully.仔细听我讲。注意：此类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都只能放在介词后面，不能放在动词和介词之间动词+副词有的作及物动词，有的作不及物动词eat up,give up,p

13、ut down,turn on,try onHe turned off the light when he left.当他离开时，他把灯关了。He picked it up and gave it to me.他把它捡起来，并给了我。注意：代词作宾语时必须放在动词后、副词前;当宾语是名词时，放在副词前后均可动词+副词+介词相当于及物动词，需跟宾语catch up with,get on with,keep up with,go on withLets go on with the work.让我们继续这项工作吧。He gets along well with his classmates.他与

14、他的同学相处得很好。注意：其后的宾语只能放在介词之后动词+名词+介词相当于及物动词，需跟宾语take pride in,pay attention to,make (good) use ofHe take pride in doing a job well.他以做好工作而自豪。Please pay attention to the phrases in article.请注意文章中的词组。We can make good use of air.我们可以充分利用空气。注意：这类短语的名词前可以加形容词作定语，其后的宾语只能放在介词之后四、 考点三 初中英语常用介词介词短语atat once 立刻

15、；at last最后；at first起初，首先；at the age of. 在岁时；at the end of.,在.之末；at the beginning of .在 .之初；at the foot of .,在 .脚下；at night/noon 在夜里/中午withwith ones help;在某人的帮助下； with the help of .，在 .的帮助下; with a smile; 面带微笑；with ones own eyes 亲眼看见afterafter a while 过了一会儿fromfrom now on;从现在起； from them on;从那时起；far

16、away from远离；from morning till night 从早到晚forfor example 例如byby and by不久; by airmail寄航空邮件; by bike/air/train/bus骑自行车/乘飞机/乘火车/乘公共汽车; by ordinary mail寄平信，寄普通邮件; by the way顺便说/问一下; by the window在窗边; by the end of .到.为止; little by little逐渐地inin all总共; in fact实际上; in ones twenties在某人20几岁时; in a hurry匆忙; in

17、 the middle of在 .中间; in no time/ in a minute立刻，很快; in time及时；（on time准时）in public在别人面前，公开地; in order to为了 .; in the front of在 .面前; in the sun在阳光下; in the end最后，终于; in surprise惊奇地; in turn依次ofof courseonon ones way to在某人去 .的路上; on foot步行，走路; on the other hand另一方面; at/on the weekend在周末; on the left/on

18、 the right在左边/右边; on the other side of在 .另一边 ; on the radio通过收音机（无线电广播）toto ones joy使某人开心的是; to ones surprise 使某人惊讶的是五、 看似相同，但是意义有区别的短语1、 at table 在进餐；at the table 在桌子旁（=beside the table）2、 at desk 在读书或做作业；at the desk 在书桌旁3、 at school 在校上学（指学生）；at the school 在学校（指教职工等）4、 in front of the bus 在公交汽车的前面

19、（不在车上）；in the front of the bus 在公交汽车的前部（在车上）5、 at sea 在航海中；at the sea 在海边6、 by day 在白天；by the day 按日，论日（计算）7、 behind time 误期；behind the time 落后于时代8、 in class 在上课，在课内；in the class 在这个班9、 in bed 卧床，在睡觉；in the bed 在床上10、 in prison 坐牢；in the prison 在监狱11、 in red 穿着红色的衣服；in the red 负债；亏损12、 in hospital 住

20、院（指病人）；in the hospital (因事)在医院13、 in office 在办公，执政；in the office 在办公室14、 in secret 秘密地，私下里；in the secret 参入秘密，参入阴谋15、 In place of 代替；in the place of 在地方16、 in case of 万一，如果；in the case of 就来说，至于17、 of age 成年人；of an age 同龄人18、 out of office 离职；out of the office 离开办公室19、 out of prison (因犯罪)出狱；out of t

21、he prison(因事)从监狱出来20、 out of question 毫无疑问；out of the question 不可能，不允许六、 介词固定搭配真题操练1、 _ an Englishman, John is looking forward _the 2012 Olympic Games.A. Of; in B. With; for C. For; at D. As; to2. We should protect the animals _ danger.A. on B. in C. of D. at 3、 I waited for a bus for a long time. I

22、 gave up _, and walked home.A. at first B. at leastC. in the end D. at the beginning4、 Everyone wants to win. But _ me, the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.A. as for B. thanks toC. instead of D. such as5、 The more I get to know Nancy, the more I can realize that we have a

23、 lot_.A. in style B. in common C. in need 6、 The teachers hope all of us can hand _ our homework _ time every day.A. up; in B. out; onC. on; in D. in; on7、 Maybe you should call him up. But I dont want to talk with him_ the phone.A. on B. in C. with D. at 8、Id like to buy a big and modern house. _,

24、I hope its in a quiet neighborhood.A. After all B. Above allC. As a result D. At that moment9、 If you do things_, usually you cant do them well.A. in a hurry B. from now onC. just now D. at once10、 What a nice day! We should go sightseeing _ watching TV in the hotel.A. because of B. instead of C. to

25、gether with D. out of 11、 Shall we go the museum?All right! I hear there are many first-class photographs_.A. on show B. on board C. on sale 12、 Shen Xue and Zhao Hongbo won the gold medal for China so were proud _ them.A. on B. in C. of D. for 13、 The food I cook isnt delicious, but _ I can look after myself.A. at first B. at least C. at last 14、I couldnt get through the door because there was a big box _.A. by the way B. on the wayC. out of the way D. in the way15、 This kind of dress is _ this year, and I really want to get one.A. in danger B. in trouble C. in style 6 / 6