英语 现在完成时Word格式文档下载.docx

1、（说明可以交作业或做别的了）2）表示过去动作的结果，现在仍残留着。一般不用时间状语。I have lost my pen.我把笔丢了。（说明过去某时丢的，现在我还没找到这支笔）She has become a teacher.她已经当了老师。（说明她现在仍是老师）II.“未完成”用法。表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，持续到现在，可能继续下去，也可能刚刚结束。常和表示一段时间的状语连用。如today，this week（month），lately，recently，these days，in the past few days，during the last two weeks，since，sin

2、ce yesterday，since 2 days ago，since 1991，for a long time，for a month，so far，up to now，till（until） now等。He has lived here for 30 years.他住在这儿三十年了。（现在还住在这儿）Theyve known each other since childhood.他们从小彼此相识。（现在还在往来）How long have you studied English？你学英语多久了？（现在仍在学）III.经验性用法:表示从过去开始到目前为止这段时间中反复发生的动作或多次出现的状

3、态。常与频度副词如often,always,every week,twice等连用。I have been to the Summer Palace twice.我曾经去过颐和园两次。He has always said so.他总是这么说.三.现在完成时的时间状语I现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。We have

4、already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。They havent finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。用ever和never.多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。 -Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾经去过长城吗? -I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。例如：I have seen her

5、before,but I can not remember where.我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。He has been there three times the last few days.近几天他去过那里三次了。用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如now,today,this morning（month,year,term）等。-Have you met him today?-No,I havent.今天你见过他吗？我没有。How many times have you been there this year?今年你去过那里多少次？II短暂性动词不能和表一段时间的时间状语连用。co

6、me, go, arrive, reach, hear, close, leave, begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, get up等。但如果要保留表一段时间的时间状语，必须将动词改为延续性动词。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换 fall asleep （ill） be asleep （ill）get to know know begin,（start） be onopen be open buy haveget up be up die be deadgo out be out come be inclosebe closed

7、arrivebe herejoinbe in, be a +名词 finish（ end ）be overleave, move be away, borrow keepgo to schoolbe a student catch（a cold） have（a cold）begin to studystudy come backbe backput onwear 或be onHe has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。The film has been

8、on for 5 minutes.电影已开始五分钟了。We have studied English for three years. 我们（开始）学英语已三年了。四.几点注意事项I. have been（to）与have gone（ to）的区别：have been（to）表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于各人称；have gone（to）表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，前者可与once ,never,several times等连用，后者则不能。They have been to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次。He has gone to B

9、eijing . 他去北京了。II.不可延续性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。I havent left here since 1997.自从1997年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。（错）I have received his letter for a month.（对）I havent received his letter for almost a month.现在完成进行时1 定义:现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在，可能还要继续下去。2 现在完成进行时的构成:现在完成进行时是由“have/has+been+动词的现

10、在分词”构成3 现在完成进行时的基本句型肯定式 I/We have been working.疑问式 Have you been working？简略回答 Yes，I/we have. No，I/we havent.肯定式 He/She/It has been working.疑问式 Has he/she/it been working？简略回答 Yes，he/she/it has. No，he/she/it hasn4 现在完成进行时的用法1）在强调指出动作还未结束，还要继续下去。ve been reading this book for two hours，but I havent fin

11、ished it. 这本书我已读了两个小时了，但我还没读完。ve read this book.我已读完这本书了。2）强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。She has always been working like that.她一贯是这样工作的。3）现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。Weve been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我们经常见面。5 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别1）现在完成进行时更强调动作的延续性,它是现在完成时的强调形式。试比较：ve been living here for ten yea

12、rs.ve lived here for ten years.我们在这儿已经住了十年了。2）在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行。而现在完成时则表示动作在过去已结束。The students have been preparing for the exam.（还在进行）学生们一直在准备考试。The students have prepared for the exam.（已经结束）学生们为考试作了准备。3）有些表示状态，感情，感觉的动词如：have，exist，like，hate，hear，know，sound等动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。ve known

13、 each other since 1970.自从1970年起他们就相互认识了。习题练习.单项选择。1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him . A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?A. already B.never C.ever D.still3、Have you met Mr Li _？A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago4、The

14、 famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written5、Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . A.has changed ; well B.changed ; good C.has changed ; better D.changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . A.

15、 was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; studied D. are ; studying 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . A.will see B.have seen C.saw D.see9、These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When

16、 _ there ? A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone 10、His father _ the Party since 1978 . A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in11、Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made12、How long have you _ h

17、ere ? About two months . A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived13、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. Began14、It _ ten years since he left the army . A. is B. has C. will D. was15、 Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library . A.has gone B. went C.w

18、ill go D. has been16、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been17、The students have cleaned the classroom, ? A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they18、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?A. How soon, comes

19、 B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 19.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away 20.Mr Li swimming for 3 hours, and his son an hour ago.A.has been, started B.have started, has startedC.started, started D.

20、Has started, has started21.-How long you stamps? -Since two years ago.A.have, collect B.have, been collecting C.did, collect D.are, collecting22.The boy TV all the morning.A.has watched B.had watched C.has been watching D.watched23.- have you been learning to swim? -Half a year.A.How long B. How oft

21、en C.How far D.When24.The meeting _ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over25.Miss Gao _ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从下列每小题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。（ ）21. They say that _ Japanese language is quite dif

22、ficult for _ European.A. the; an B. /; an C. the ; a D. /;a（ ）22. - What about putting some pictures into the report? -_. A picture is worth a thousand words. A.Why not? B. No way! C. All right? D. No matter.（ ）23. It _ about three years since he _ to China. A. has , comes B. was, came C. has been,

23、came D. is , comes（ ）24. The biggest trouble I came across _ English was how to learn the words by heart.A. to study B. studying C. in study D. study（ ）25. I think _ not difficult _ English every morning. A. that , keeping B. its , keeping C. that , to keep read D. it , to keep reading（ ）26. Mary _

24、George for ten years. A. has got married with B. has got married to C. has been married to D. married（ ）27. -Im going to Hawaii with my aunt this month for my holiday. -_!A. Have a good time B. Best wishes to youC. Congratulations D. Please go（ ）28. If you want to change for a bigger room, youll hav

25、e to pay_20.A. more B. another C. the other D. other（ ） 29. He must be the person who has been late a third time this week, _?A. isnt he B. hasnt he C. mustnt he D. must he（ ）30. There are two rooms in the house, _ serves as a kitchen. Athe smaller of which Bthe small of which Cthe smaller of them D

26、the smaller one（ ）31. The boy has to learn _ things that he hardly has time for play.A. so many B. such many C. so few D. such few（ ）32. “We cant go out in this weather,”said Bob, _ out of the window. Alooking Bto look Clooked Dhaving looked（ ）33. Mr Wang is an expert in computer programming, so you

27、 should consider_ him for help.A. ask B. asking C. to ask D. asked （ ）34. Well be free tomorrow, so I suggest _ to the history museum. A. to visit B. visiting C. we should visit D. a visit （ ）35. A new cinema _ here. They hope to finish it next month.A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D.

28、 is being built 二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A,B,C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。As a student, you must have read a lot of interesting books. Most of the books come from the school library, I am sure. Perhaps you also get books from the bookstore in your town. The books are something given to you as 36 by your parents or friends, I think. Besides, if you like reading and want to learn