状语从句Word文档格式.docx

1、so that, in order thatlest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end thatThe boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.5 结果状语从句so that

2、, such that,such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,He got up so early that he caught the first bus.Its such a good chance that we must not miss it.To such an degree was he excited that he couldnt sleep last night.6 条件状语从句if, unless,as/so long as, only if, providing/

3、provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition thatWell start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.7 让步状语从句though, although, even if, even though as（用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装）

4、，while （ 一般用在句首 ），no matter ， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I cant agree to his proposal.尽管我很尊敬他， 我却不同意他的建议。The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could n

5、ot change her mind.He wont listen whatever you may say.8 比较状语从句as（同级比较）, than（不同程度的比较）the more the more ; just as ， so; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no more than; not A so much as BShe is as bad-tempered as her mother.The house is three times as big as ours.The more you exercise, the healthier you

6、will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。9 方式状语从句as, as if, howthe wayWhen in Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.10. 状语从句的简化状语从句的省略状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语

7、和be动词常可省略。例如：When （ the museum is ） completed , the museum will be open to the public next year .Hell go to the seaside for his holiday if （it is ） possible.另外，比较状语从句经常省略。Im taller than he （is tall ）.The higher the temperature （is）, the greater the pressure （is ）.就状语从句而言,有时为了使语言言简意赅,常常将状语从句进行简化。状语从句

8、的现象在口语中较为普遍,而且在高考中的复现率也较高。因此,有必要对其进行全面、透彻的了解。状语从句的现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中:由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句;由although, though, even if / though等引导的让步状语从句;由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引导的时间状语从句;由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句;由as, than等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作一归纳。（1）当状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be时,it和be要完全简化掉。例如:If （it is） poss

9、ible, he will help you out of the difficulty.如果可能的话,他会帮你摆脱困境。You must attend the meeting unless （it is） inconvenient to you.除非情况对你来说不方便,否则你必须出席这次会议。（2）当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形:a.连词+形容词As （he was） young, he learned how to ride a bike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。Whenever （she is） free, she often g

10、oes shopping.她有空就去逛商店。Work hard when （you are） young, or youll regret.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。b.连词+名词While （he was） a young boy, he was always ready to help others.他在孩提时代就乐于助人。Although （he was） a farmer, now he is a famous director.尽管他曾是个农民,而现在是位著名的导演了。c.连词+现在分词As （she was） walking along the river bank, she was

11、 singing a pop song.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。Although （he is） doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks.尽管近来他一直在学数学,但他仍然没有取得好成绩。d.连词+过去分词He wont go there with us unless （he is） invited.除非受到邀请,否则他不会和我们一道去那里。The concert was a great success than （it was） expected.这场音乐会出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。e.连词+不

12、定式He stood up as if （he were） to say something.当时他站起来好像要说什么。He wouldnt solve the problem even if （he were） to take charge.即使他来负责,他也解决不了这个问题。f. 连词+介词短语She looked anxious as though （she was） in trouble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻烦。He had mastered the English language before （he was） in the USA.他到美国之前就懂英语了。注意:当从句主语

13、和主句主语不一致时,从句部分要么用完全形式,要么用独立主格结构来表达。When the meeting was over, all the people went out of the meeting-room.当会议结束时,人们都走出了会议室。（=The meeting over, 一、时间状语从句要点: 时间状语从句，由以下连词引导：when while as after before as soon as since till /until by the time 在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。1.when当.的时候Mozart st

14、arted writing music when he was four years old.（当）莫扎特4岁的时候，开始写音乐作品。2.while当.时He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.他在旅途中参观了许多地方。3.as在.的同时；一边.一边.He smiled as he stood up.他一边站起来一边笑着。4.after在.之后He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day.前几天做完作业之后回的家。5.before 在.之前

15、Mr. Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here.布朗先生来这之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了。6.as soon as 一.就.We began to work as soon as we got there.我们一到那就开始工作。I will write to you as soon as I get home.我一到家就给你写信。7.since 自。以来 到现在表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前（说话时间）为止的一段持续时间。主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。Mr Green has taught in that

16、school since he came to China three years ago.自格林先生来中国以来，他就在这所学校教书。（还可以用作介词，本句从句还可以用短语：since three years ago（自三年前以来）表示。）8 till /until都可以作连词，连接时间状语，也可以作介词，与其它词构成介词短语，在句中作状语。They walked till /until it was dark.他们一直走到天黑。Xiao Ming didnt leave home till / until his father came back.小明直到他爸爸回来才离开家。9. by th

17、e time 到。为止 （所在句子的主句应用完成时）By the time he gets there , his father has already gone.他到家的时候，他爸爸已经走了。By the time I got to school, the class had already began.我到校时，已经开始上课了。时间状语从句（adverbial clause of time） 1.由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句。 When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.当你以为自

18、己一无所知的时候，你就是在开始知道一些事物了。When truth is buried under the ground it grows, it chokes, it gathers such an explosive force that on the day it bursts out , it blows up everything with it.当真理被埋在地下的时候，它在生长，它感到压抑，它蓄存着这么一种爆炸性力量，一旦冒出，它就会炸破一切！Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。Will you watch my clothes while I h

19、ave a swim. 我游泳的时候，请你照看一下我的衣服。You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it. 当你的手在空气中挥动的时候，你就能感觉到空气在流动。Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.我们的校长边谈边笑。when, while和as的区别when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。并且when有时表示“就在那时”。例如：When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时，我停止吃饭。（瞬时动词） When I lived in

20、 the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.当我住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（延续性的动词） We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开，就在那时他进来了。While引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. （was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching

21、同时发生） I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。（对比） As表示“一边一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示“一边一边”） As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间） as when while的辨析as when whil

22、e都表示主、从句动作同时发生，三者差异如下：表示“一边。一边的意思as 强调两个动作同时进行，并表示对比时 用于发生时间较短时when 1、还可以表示从句动词的动作在主几句动词的动作之前 或之后发生。2、whenand then; at that moment （正在那个时候）while 1、用于时间较长时2、 强调两个动作同时进行，并表示对比时有时这三个连词可以互换，有时不可以。lIt was raining hard when （as） I got there.我到那里时，正在下大雨。 （ 动作同时发生，when可换为as, 但不能换为while，因为get是点动词.）lWhen I ha

23、d read the article, he called me.我看完这篇文章之后，她给我打了电话。（ 从句动作发生在主句之前，注意时态表达，只能用when ）lWhen I got to the cinema, the film had begun.（当）我到了电影院时，电影已经开演了。（从句的动作发生在主句之后，只能用when,并要注意时态）lHe was about to leave, when the telephone rang.他正要离开，忽然电话响了。（ 此时不能放在句首。主句动词一般表达 “正在” “即将”.while, as不能代替 lShe thought I was t

24、alking about her daughter, while, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.他以为我在谈她女儿，然而，实际上在谈论我女儿。（表转折，对比，when, as都不能代替它） lWhile the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police.外星人买纪念品时，那女孩给警察打了电话。（表示主句，从句的动作同时发生，while后引导的状语从句的动词必须是延续动词不能是点动词，因为它表示较长时间）lMother was worried because little

25、Alice was ill, especially as （when/ while） father was away.妈妈担心，因为小爱丽丝病了，特别是他父亲不在家的时候。（此时as ,when, while可通用）2.由before和after引导的时间状语从句。注意before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语，并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的

26、时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反。It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我。My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。They had not been married four months before they were divorced. 他们结婚还不到四个月就离婚了。After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑过以后，告诉我你是怎样决定的。After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后，我们回家了。（从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时） 3.由till或until引导的时间状语从句。