oracle11gASM管理Word文档格式.docx

1、GROUP_NUMBER NAME FAILGROUP PATH- - - -2 ASMDATA01 ASMDATA01 ORCL:ASMDATA013 ASMDATA02 ASMDATA02 ORCL:ASMDATA021 OCR_VOTE01 OCR_VOTE01 ORCL:OCR_VOTE01通过group_number可以将磁盘与磁盘组联系起来（一个磁盘组可以对应多个磁盘）. 这里可以看到磁盘OCR_VOTE01对应OCR_VOTE磁盘组, 磁盘ASMDATA01对应ORADATA磁盘组, 磁盘ASMDATA02 对应ORAFLASH 磁盘组 （建议名称一致比较好） 。-通过asmcm

2、d查看磁盘组（每个磁盘组表现为一个目录） :rootrac01 # su - gridgridrac01 $ asmcmdASMCMD ls -alState Type Rebal NameMOUNTED EXTERN N OCR_VOTE/MOUNTED EXTERN N ORADATA/MOUNTED EXTERN N ORAFLASH/备注 ： 或者 ASMCMD lsdg- 通过OS下oracleasm 命令查看ASM磁盘 .rootrac01 bin# /usr/sbin/oracleasm listdisks2. 认识ASM相关路径 :通过asmcm 命令可以看到ASM会根据dbc

3、a时制定的datafile路径, 在ORADATA磁盘组下面建立一些默认的路径 （一般是 db_name 下ARCHIVELOG/ , CONTROLFILE/,DATAFILE/ , ONLINELOG/ , PARAMETERFILE/ , TEMPFILE/ , 目录都是大写, 其中后面小写的arch是用户自己建的, SYS字段为Y的都是系统自建的, N是用户定义的 ）rootrac01 bin# su - gridgridrac01 $ asmcmd lsOCR_VOTE/ORADATA/ORAFLASH/ cd oradataRACDB/ cd racdb ls -lType Red

4、und Striped Time Sys NameY ARCHIVELOG/Y CONTROLFILE/Y DATAFILE/Y ONLINELOG/Y PARAMETERFILE/Y TEMPFILE/N arch/N control01.ctl = +ORADATA/RACDB/CONTROLFILE/Current.256.739387263N control02.ctl = +ORADATA/RACDB/CONTROLFILE/Current.257.739387265N redo01.log = +ORADATA/RACDB/ONLINELOG/group_1.258.7393872

5、73N redo02.log = +ORADATA/RACDB/ONLINELOG/group_2.259.739387281N redo03.log = +ORADATA/RACDB/ONLINELOG/group_3.266.739393547N redo04.log = +ORADATA/RACDB/ONLINELOG/group_4.267.739393547N spfileracdb.ora = +ORADATA/RACDB/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.268.739393555-归档路径ARCHIVELOG :通过oracle数据库参数文件看到归档路径 : show

6、parameter log_archive_destlog_archive_dest_1 string LOCATION=+ORADATA/RACDB/arch可以看到归档路径 +ORADATA/RACDB/arch , 那么 +ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG下面又是保存的什么文件呢 ？ pwd+oradata/racdb/arch - 查看参数中的归档路径Type Redund Striped Time Sys NameN 1_204_739387258.arc =+ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG/2011_11_28/thread_1_seq_204.4

7、78.768441403N 1_205_739387258.arc =+ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG/2011_11_29/thread_1_seq_205.481.768443221N 1_206_739387258.arc =+ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG/2011_11_29/thread_1_seq_206.482.768443233N 1_207_739387258.arc =+ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG/2011_11_29/thread_1_seq_207.483.768443239N 1_208_739387258.

8、arc =+ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG/2011_11_29/thread_1_seq_208.485.768443253N 1_209_739387258.arc =+ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG/2011_11_29/thread_1_seq_209.486.768443277N 1_210_739387258.arc =+ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG/2011_11_29/thread_1_seq_210.487.768443293N 1_211_739387258.arc =+ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG

9、/2011_11_29/thread_1_seq_211.489.768443319N 1_212_739387258.arc =+ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG/2011_11_29/thread_1_seq_212.490.768511059N 1_213_739387258.arc =+ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG/2011_11_29/thread_1_seq_213.493.768512249N 1_214_739387258.arc =+ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG/2011_11_29/thread_1_seq_214.4

10、94.768512253N 1_215_739387258.arc =+ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG/2011_11_29/thread_1_seq_215.499.768522885N 1_216_739387258.arc =+ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG/2011_11_30/thread_1_seq_216.500.768530093N 2_100_739387258.arc =+ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG/2011_11_29/thread_2_seq_100.488.768443301N 2_101_739387258.

11、arc =+ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG/2011_11_29/thread_2_seq_101.491.768511059N 2_102_739387258.arc =+ORADATA/RACDB/ARCHIVELOG/2011_11_29/thread_2_seq_102.492.768511065用户自己定义的归档格式以及归档路径指向ASM自动建立的目录及文件, 自定义生成的归档相当于快捷方式（或软连接）, 实际文件为ASM默认路径的归档文件。也可以手工为Oracle ASM Filename 生成别名：ALTER DISKGROUP ORADATA ADD ALIA

12、S+oradata/racdb/datafile/test01.dbfFOR +oradata/racdb/datafile/TEST.340.740166807 ;+oradata/racdb/ARCHIVELOG -查看ASM系统自己默认的归档路径 ls -lY 2011_11_28/Y 2011_11_29/Y 2011_11_30/归档文件是按照每天来进行存储的 , 并且有目录分开 . cd 2011_11_29/ARCHIVELOG UNPROT COARSE NOV 29 00:00:00 Y thread_1_seq_205.481.76844322100 Y thread_1_

13、seq_206.482.76844323300 Y thread_1_seq_207.483.76844323900 Y thread_1_seq_208.485.76844325300 Y thread_1_seq_209.486.76844327700 Y thread_1_seq_210.487.76844329300 Y thread_1_seq_211.489.768443319ARCHIVELOG UNPROT COARSE NOV 29 19:00 Y thread_1_seq_212.490.76851105900 Y thread_1_seq_213.493.76851224

14、900 Y thread_1_seq_214.494.768512253ARCHIVELOG UNPROT COARSE NOV 29 22:00 Y thread_1_seq_215.499.76852288500 Y thread_2_seq_100.488.76844330100 Y thread_2_seq_101.491.76851105900 Y thread_2_seq_102.492.76851106500 Y thread_2_seq_103.495.76852287700 Y thread_2_seq_104.496.76852287900 Y thread_2_seq_1

15、05.497.76852288300 Y thread_2_seq_106.498.76852288300 Y thread_2_seq_99.484.768443235-控制文件路径 CONTROLFILE :查看初始化参数文件位置, 实际文件也是类似软链接方式 : show parameter controlNAME TYPE VALUE- - -control_files string +ORADATA/racdb/control01.ctl,+ORADATA/racdb/control02.ctl如何增加控制文件呢 ？ 例子如下： alter database mount databa

16、se; alter database backup controlfile to +ORADATA/racdb/control02.ctl;+ORADATA/racdb/control03.ctl alter system set control_files=+ORADATA/racdb/control01.ctl,+DATA/racdb/control02.ctl+DATA/racdb/control03.ctlscope=spfile; startup mount-数据文件路径 DATAFILE :+oradata/racdb/datafileDATAFILE UNPROT COARSE

17、OCT 29 18:00 Y BASE_DATA.317.75407229300 Y BASE_DATA.318.75407231900 Y BASE_DATA.319.75407233100 Y BASE_DATA.320.754072345N BASE_DATA01.DBF = +ORADATA/RACDB/DATAFILE/BASE_DATA.317.754072293N BASE_DATA02.DBF = +ORADATA/RACDB/DATAFILE/BASE_DATA.318.754072319N BASE_DATA03.DBF = +ORADATA/RACDB/DATAFILE/

18、BASE_DATA.319.754072331N BASE_DATA04.DBF = +ORADATA/RACDB/DATAFILE/BASE_DATA.320.75407234500 Y LOGMNRTS.321.75407293500 Y LOG_DATA.322.75407296100 Y LOG_DATA.323.75407298500 Y LOG_DATA.324.75407300900 Y LOG_DATA.325.75407303500 Y none = SYSAUX.261.754063795 SYSTEM.263.75406378700 Y +ORADATA/RACDB/DA

19、TAFILE/undotbs101.dbf =UNDOTBS1.260.758741005 UNDOTBS2.258.754063807 UNDOTBS3.257.754063809 USERS.256.754063811可以看出链接的名称及对应的实体文件名称都出现在 datafile目录下, 当然并不是每个实体文件都有一个对应的链接的文件名称, 例如初始建立数据库的时候指定 +ORADATA 磁盘组后, 数据库会自动建立初始数据文件, 那时候的文件就只有系统生成的, 而没有用户指定的名称（链接名称） , 例如上面例子中的 LOGMNRTS.321.754072935 , SYSTEM.263

20、.754063787 等 .在加入datafile或建立表空间时, 如果只是指定 +ORADATA, 而不明确写出路径及文件名称 , 那么就会生成系统自建文件而没有链接名称, 如果文件使用类似 +ORADATA/racdb/datafile/mytbs01.dbf , 那么就会生成系统自建文件及对应的链接文件 . 同样可以利用ALTER DISKGROUP XX ADD ALIAS 增加别名.- 认识文件名BASE_DATA.317.754072293 是表空间名+文件编号.Incarnation .+group/dbname/file type/tag.file.incarnation 格式

21、中分别是磁盘组名, file type是Oracle文件类型, tag一般对一个表空间名, file.incarnation 结合在一起确保唯一性.-测试 : 新增数据文件或表空间CREATE TABLESPACE MYTBS DATAFILE+ORADATA/racdb/datafile/mytbs01.dbf SIZE 10M AUTOEXTEND OFFLOGGINGONLINEPERMANENTEXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM. SIZE 5MBLOCKSIZE 16KSEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTOFLASHBACK ON ;或者CREATE TABLESPACE TONYTBS DATAFILE+ORADATA SIZE 10M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 5M MAXSIZE 1024MLOGGING增加数据文件ALTER TABLESPACE MYTBS ADD DATAFILE SIZE 10M AUTOEXTEND OFF ;如果设置了初始化参数db_create_file_dest（默认为空），连磁盘组名都不需要写了，例如：