新课标八年级下册英语单元知识点归纳.docx

1、新课标八年级下册英语单元知识点归纳新课标八年级下册英语单元知识点归纳Unti1whatsthematter?短语归纳1.toomuch太多2.liedown躺下3.getanX-ray做个X光检查4.takeonestemperature量体温5.putsomemedicineon.在.上敷药6.haveafever发烧7.takebreaks/takeabreak休息8.withoutthinkingtwice没多想9.getoff下车10.takesbtothehospital送某人去医院11.waitfor等待12.toonessurprise使.惊讶的thanksto多亏于；由于14.

2、intime及时 15.thinkabout考虑16.haveaheartproblem患有心脏病 17.getintothetrouble遇到麻烦18.dotherightthing做正确的事情事情 19.falldown摔倒20.put.onsth把.放在某物上 21.gethit/sunburned摔伤/烧伤22.beinterestedin对.感兴趣 23.beusedto习惯于.24.takerisks/takearisk挑战 25.loseoneslife失去生命26.becauseof因为 27.runoutof用完28.cutoff切除 29.getoutof从.出来30.ma

3、keadecision/decisions做决定 31.beincontrolof掌管；管理32.giveup放弃用法归纳1.needtodosth.需要去做某事2.seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事3.asksbsth询问某人某事4.expectsbtodosth期望某人做某事5.agreetodosth想要做某事6.helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事7.wanttodosth想要做某事8.tellsbtodosth告诉某人做某事9.haveproblems(in)doingsth做某事有困难10.usesthtodosth用某物去做某事11.be/getusedtodo

4、ingsth习惯于做某事12.seemtodosth好像做某事13.keepondoingsth继续做某事14.minddoingsth介意做某事语法点1.询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法2.情态动词should的用法表示劝告与建议，也表义务与责任第一人称问句中，征询建议要记清3.不定代词的用法相关阅读方法推理判断阅读法精细解读1.Whatsthematter(withyou)?怎么了？出什么事了？Whatsthetrouble/theproblem/wrongwithsb./sth.?2.Ihadacold.我感冒了。haveacold=catchacold=havethefluhav

5、eafeverhaveacough咳嗽haveastomachache胃疼，肚子疼haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache头疼3.身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachachehead+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothacheback+ache=backache后背痛4.muchtoo+词，意为，toomuch+词，意为。5.enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。goodenough足够好，enoughmoney=moneymoney6.liedown躺下，lie躺，躺着，过去

6、式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied7.maybe“或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybeyouareright.maybe，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。Hemaybeangry.8.soundlike+名词代词和从句：Itsoundslikeyoudontknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，Themusicsoundsnice.9.need需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；needtodosth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：Youneedtoli

7、stencarefullyduringclass.needdoingsth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Yourdirtyclothesneedwashing.10.getoff(thebus)下（公交车）geton上车11.agree同意，赞同；同意做某事，同意某人的看法、观点。12.trouble问题，麻烦；beintrouble，maketrouble，havetrouble(in)doingsth.=havedifficulties(in)doingsth。13.rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意为。14.【复习】advice不可数名词劝告，建议，向征求意见，gi

8、vesb.adviceonsth.就某事给某人建议；advise动词advisesb.todosth.advisesb.doingsth.15.【复习】exercise动词意为，可数时意为，不可数时意为。16.hurt及物动词，使疼痛，受伤，Hehurthislegwhileexercising.不及物动词，（部位）疼。Hisleghurtbadly.17.clean【动词】，cleantheclassroom，【形容词】，cleaner意为。18.hit（用手或器具）打；击打Theboyhitthedogwithastone.hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的头、鼻子

9、、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位；hitsb.intheface/eye/stomach打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。19.beusedtosth./doingsth.习惯于、适应了、做某事，强调状态；Hisgrandpawasusedtocountrylife.Maryisnotusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.get/becomeusedtosth./doingsth.“变得习惯，逐渐适应”强调过程、动作：Itsdifficultforonetogetusedtoanothercountryshabit.20.【复习】free形容词空闲的fr

10、eetime；免费的thedrinkisforfree；自由的Iwanttobecomeafreebird.free【动词】使解脱，得到自由Hecouldnotfreehisarm.21.runout用完，用尽Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.物sth.tunout.某物用尽了。人sb.runoutof物sth.人用尽了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.22.risk(sb.)todosth.冒险去做某事takearisk=takerisks冒险23.th

11、eimportanceof(doing)sth.（做）某事的重要性Westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceof(learning)English.importancen.重要（性），importantadj.重要的，unimportantadj.24.decision【名词】决定；抉择；makeadecisionmakeadecisiontodosth.=。25.beinthecontrolof掌管，管理Theheadmasterisinthecontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol无法控制，无法管理beundercontrol被控制

12、住，在控制之中26.【复习】mind意为，minddoingsth.,Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?27.giveup(doing)sth.放弃（做）某事，giveup(playing)computergames；giveup后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如Nevergiveupeasily.二、重要短语1.haveacold 2.haveastomachache3.seesb.dosth. 4.shoutforhelp5.expect(sb.)todosth. 6.toonessurprise7.thanksto 8.thinkabout9.be

13、interestedinsth. 10.loseoneslife11.saveoneslife 12.takearisk=takerisks13.cutoff 14.keepondoingsth. 三、重点语法【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。数人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves【用法】1.可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。如：Mariaboughtherselfascarf.We

14、mustlookafterourselvesverywell.2.可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。如：Sheisntquiteherselftoday.3.可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。如：SheherselfwillflytoLondontomorrow.Imetthewriterhimselflastweek.4.用在某些固定短语当中。如：lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself照顾自己teachoneselfsth./learnsth.byoneself自学enjoyoneself玩得高兴，过得愉快helponeselfto

15、sth请自用（随便吃/喝些）.hurtoneself摔伤自己saytooneself自言自语leavesb.byoneself把某人单独留下buyoneselfsth.给自己买东西introduceoneself介绍自己【提醒】1.反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。如：我自己能完成作业。（误）Myselfcanfinishmyhomework.(正)Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework./Icanfinishmyhomeworkmyself.2.反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用o

16、nesown.如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）Imdrawingwithmyselfcrayons.(正)Imdrawingwithmyowncrayons.【练习】1.Myclassmate,LiMing,madeacardfor_justnow.2.Badluck!Icut_withaknifeyesterday.3.Theytellustheycanlookafter_verywell.4.Mycatcanfindfoodby_.5.Help_tosomebeef,boys.6.Jennyenjoyed_intheparkyesterdayafternoon.7.Wecanfinisho

17、urhomeworkby_.8.Theblindgirllost_inthebeautifulmusic.9.XiaoHui,canyouintroduce_tous?10.Billwantstoteach_Frenchfromnowon.Unit2Illhelptocleanthecityparks短语归纳1.cleanup打扫干净2.cheerup（使）变得更高兴；振奋起来3.giveout分发4.usedto曾经.；过去.5.giveaway赠送；捐赠6.setup建立；设立7.makeadifferenceeupwith想出9.putoff推迟10.putup张贴11.callup打电

18、话给12.helpout帮助.摆脱困难13.carefor照顾；照看14.giveup放弃15.tryoutfor参加选拔etrue实现17.runoutof用光18.takeafter与.相像19.fixup修理20.besimiliarto与.相似用法归纳1.needtodosth需要做某事2.makeplantodosth制定计划做某事3.asksb(not)todosth要求某人（不要）做某事4.usedtodosth过去常常做某事5.giveup+时间+todosth放弃时间做某事6.getafeelingof.有.感觉7.decidetodosth决定做某事8.helpsb(to)

19、dosth帮助某人做某事9.makeadifferenceto对.产生影响10.makeitpossibleforsbtodosth使得做某事对某人来说是可能的单元课文出现的好句子1.Weneedtocomeupwithaplantotellpeopleaboutthecityparkclean-up.我们要相处一个计划来告诉人们关于这个城市公园清洁日的事。2.Wecantputoffmakingaplan.我们不能推迟制定计划了3.Wecouldputupsigns.我们可以张贴标志牌。拓展链接动词+副词短语cheerup使高兴起来cleanup打扫干净putup张贴mixup修理givea

20、way赠送giveout分发giveup放弃useup用光getup起床handin上交putoff推迟pickup捡起thinkover仔细思考turndown关小音量setup建立setoff出发lookout小心动词+介词短语lookafter照顾belongto属于takeafter与.相像hearfrom收到.来信hearof听说payfor支付waitfor等待动词+副词+介词短语getoutof避免comeupwith想出catchupwith追上赶上lookforwardto期待盼望goonwith继续动词+名词短语havearest休息一下takeawalk散步makemis

21、takes犯错haveatry试一下takeplace发生tellalie撒谎makeadecision做决定动词+名词+介词短语havealookat看一看makeafriendwith与.交朋友haveawordwith与.交谈haveadrinkof喝一点payattentionto注意makefunof取笑Be+形容词+介词短语belatefor迟到beangrywith生气befondof喜欢begoodat擅长begoodfor对.有好处beshortof缺乏besimiliarto与.相似bestrictwith对.严格要求bepoundof骄傲自豪语法点动词不定式归纳只跟动词不

22、定式做宾语的动词决心学会有希望（decide,learn,wish,hope）同意计划莫假装（agree,plan,pretend）忘记拒绝会失望（forget,refuse,fail）准备设法来帮忙（prepare,try,manage,help）提供请求负担起（offer,beg,afford）记得阻止理应当（rememberstop,besupposed）相关阅读方法词义猜测阅读法习题链接1.-Tomfailedtheexamagain-Sorrytohearthat.Weshoulddosomethingto.A.cheerhimupB.cheeronhimC.cheerhimonD.cheeruohim2.Theboysvolunteerthreehoursuptheparkneartheirschool.A.cleaningB.tocleanC.cleanedD.withcleaning3.Thewomaninredateacher.Sheworksinahospitalnow.A.usedtobeB.isusedtobeC.wasusedtobeD