职称英语新增试题.docx

1、职称英语新增试题第三篇 Are Online Friends Real Friends?Modern computer technology has made a new kind of human relationship possible: online friendship. _ Online friends，or virtual friends，are people who have become acquainted with each other through the Internet._(1)_. Are online friendships as beneficial as

2、face-to-face friendships? What are the advantages and disadvantages of having virtual friends? Can people form strong bonds online? Today these questions are the subject of lively debate1.（ 现今这些问题成了人们热议的话题。）Some people believe that the Internet is the best way to make new friends. Its convenient, it

3、s fast, and it allows to make contact with different kinds of people from all over the world. When you use social networking websites and chat rooms, you can easily find people with interests and hobbies similar to yours2（当你浏览社交网站和进人聊天室聊天时，你会很容易找到志趣相投的人。）. Information updates and photos add to the e

4、xperience. Making friends on the Internet is especially good for shy people who feel uncomfortable in social situations. Its often easier to share thoughts and feelings online. _.In addition, virtual friends（网友） can offer(给予) emotional support._(2)_. They can make people feel less lonely and help th

5、em solve problems.Although the Internet can encourage friendship, it has a major disadvantage. _ When youre not face to face, its much easier to deceive（欺骗） people _(3)_. Online friends only tell you what they want you to know. They sometimes exaggerate their good qualities and hide the less positiv

6、e ones, so you cant be sure of what they really like3（他们有时会夸大自己的优点而掩盖缺点，让你看不清他们的庐山真面目。）. That is why you should not give personal information to anyone online unless youre totally sure of who that person is.Can online friendship be as meaningful as face-to-face ones? There are different points of vi

7、ew. Researchers at the University of Southern California surveyed 2,000 households in the United States. The results showed that more than 40 percent of participants feel “as strongly about their online buddies”as they do about their “offline”friends. _ Researchers also found that its not unusual（不寻

8、常） for online friends to become face-to-face friends._(4)_. In contrast, there are many people who believe that its not possible to have deep relationships with online friends. A young Indian software engineer, Lalitha Lakshmipathy，says，“its good to feel connected with many people, but all my e-budd

9、ies are not necessarily my close friends. ”_ Many people would agree _(5)_. They say that its hard to develop feelings of trust and connection when you dont share experiences in person4. （他们认为，由于缺乏共同的经历，与网友发展信任和联系很困难。）People continue to express different opinions about online friendship. However, mo

10、st of them would agree that virtual friendships must not replace face-to-face friendships. As one life coach says, “a social networking site should only be the add on in any relationship.”词汇：acquaint / kweint / v.使熟悉lively / laivli / adj.热烈的deceive / disi:v/ vt.欺骗exaggerate / igzdreit / v.夸大benefici

11、al / benifil / adj. 有益的update / pdet / vt. 更新buddy / bdi / n. 朋友add on 补充注释：1.Today these questions are the subject of lively debate.：现今这些问题成了人们热议的话题。2.When you use social networking websites and chat rooms, you can easily find people with interests and hobbies similar to yours.：当你浏览社交网站和进人聊天室聊天时，你会

12、很容易找到志趣相投的人。3.They sometimes exaggerate their good qualities and hide the less positive ones, so you cant be sure of what they really like.：他们有时会夸大自己的优点而掩盖缺点，让你看不清他们的庐山真面目。4.They say that its hard to develop feelings of trust and connection when you dont share experiences in person.：他们认为，由于缺乏共同的经历，与

13、网友发展信任和联系很困难。练习：A.In addition, virtual friends（网友） can offer(给予) emotional support.B.When youre not face to face, its much easier to deceive（欺骗） people.C.Many people would agree.D.Researchers also found that its not unusual（不寻常） for online friends to become face-to-face friends.E.Online friends may

14、be of help in many ways.F.Online friends，or virtual friends，are people who have become acquainted with each other through the Internet.答案与题解：1.F开头第一句讲了现代计算机技术给人类带来了一种新型的人际关系，即网友。而这一句是对网友的定义，即人们通过网络认识的朋友。第二句的开头online friends与第一句的结尾online friendship承上启下，是文章写作的要素。2.A本段讲的是网上交友的有利因素：方便快捷;分享真情实感比社交场合容易得多。

15、本句的开头in addition (另外)引出对以上有利因素的补充。3.B本段讲的是网上交友的不利因素。本段第一句是一个总括句：网上交友有一大不利。本句说明这一不利是什么，即没有而对而的接触，人们很容易受骗，紧接着下一句讲怎样被骗：网友只会告诉你他们想让你知道的信息。4.D该句的前一句讲的是：调查结果显示，超过40%的受访者认为“网上的友谊”同“线下的友谊”一样牢固。而这一句是对上一句的进一步解释：调查还显示，网友转变成现实中的朋友也不是不寻常的。also 词也表明了该句和前一句的关系。5.C该句的前一句和后一句都讲的是网络可以使人们多联系，但耍使人们成为亲密的朋友比较难。所以，该句(很多人也

16、认同这一点)恰当地把它们连接起来。第九篇 What Is a Dream?For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists(心理学家)say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others，however，think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many exp

17、erts believe that dreams can tell us about a persons mind and emotions. （即有些心理学家认为，人脑睡眠中的活动没有特别意义;而有些人则认为，梦可以揭示人的思维和情感活动。）Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.The

18、 Austrian psychologist(心理学家), Sigmund Freud（西格蒙德弗洛伊德），was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation(解释)of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a persons wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings,

19、 thoughts, and fears(恐惧) that they are afraid to express in real life. （弗洛伊德认为梦反映了人们在现实情况下害怕表达的情感、思维和恐惧。）The Swiss psychiatrist(精神病学家)Carl Jung（卡尔荣格）was once a student of Freuds. Jung，however，had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose（用途） of a dream was to communicate a messag

20、e to the dreamer. (荣格认为，梦的用途是向做梦者传递一个信息) He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams. For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion（评价）of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn tha

21、t they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists(心理学家)continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz，believes that dreams are tightly linked to a persons daily life, thoughts, and behavior. A criminal,

22、（罪犯） for example, might dream about crime.Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop. （孩子不像成人做那么多的梦，他认为做梦也是一项心智机能，需要随着年龄增长而发展。）He has

23、also found a link（联系）between dreams and gender（性别）. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in mens dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of womens dreams. （例如，在男性梦境中出现的通常是其他男性，而且常与打斗有关，而女性的梦境则不是这样。） Domho

24、ff found this gender （性别）difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional（传统的）ones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. However, one thing they agree on this: If yo

25、u dream that something terrible is going to occur（发生）, you shouldnt panic（恐慌）. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. （梦可能会有意义，但并不表示一些恐怖事情就一定会发生。）Its important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.词汇：psychologist / sa

26、kldst / n.心理学家psychiatrist /sai kaitrst/ n.精神病学家(医生)Austrian / strn / adj.奥地利的gender / dend / n.性别注释：1.Sigmund Freud西格蒙德弗洛伊德(18561939)，犹太人，奥地利精神病医生及精神分析学家。精神分析学派的创始人。他认为被压抑的欲望绝大部分是属于性的，性的扰乱是精神病的根本原因。著有性学三论梦的释义图腾与禁忌日常生活的心理病理学精神分析引论精神分析引论新编等。2.Carl Jung：卡尔荣格，瑞士著名精神分析专家，分析心理学的创始人。3.For example, the peo

27、ple in mens dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of womens dreams.例如，在男性梦境中出现的通常是其他男性，而且常与打斗有关，而女性的梦境则不是这样。练习：1.Not everyone agrees that dreams are meaningful.（A）ARight BWrong CNot mentioned2.According to Freud, people dream about things that they canno

28、t talk about.(A)ARight BWrong CNot mentioned3.Jung believed that dreams did not help one to understand oneself.(B)ARight BWrong CNot mentioned4.In the past, people believed that dreams involved emotions.(C)ARight BWrong CNot mentioned5.According to Domhoff, babies do not have the same ability to dre

29、am as adults do.(A)ARight BWrong CNot mentioned6.Men and women dream about different things.(A)ARight BWrong CNot mentioned7.Scientists agree that dreams predict（预测 ）the future.(B)ARight BWrong CNot mentioned答案与题解1.A这句话恰好表达了本文第一段的意思。即有些心理学家认为，人脑睡眠中的活动没有特别意义;而有些人则认为，梦可以揭示人的思维和情感活动。2.A第三段的最后一句讲的是弗洛伊德认

30、为梦反映了人们在现实情况下害怕表达的情感、思维和恐惧。此句与本叙述一致。3.B第四段的第二句和第三句：Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer.(荣格认为，梦的用途是向做梦者传递一个信息)He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams.(他认为人们通过思考所做的梦能够更好地了解自己)。他给出了两个例子来说明他的论点。4.C文中没有提及。5.A依据第六

31、段，Domhoff研究得出：孩子不像成人做那么多的梦，他认为做梦也是一项心智机能，需要随着年龄增长而发展。6.A本文第七段讲述了做梦与性别的关系。第二句更指出男人和女人做的梦是不同的。7.B最后一段的倒数第二句讲的是：梦可能会有意义，但并不表示一些恐怖事情就一定会发生。因而不能预测未来。第十三篇 Stage Fright(舞台恐惧)Fall down as you come onstage. Thats an odd trick. Not recommended. But it saved the pianist Vladimir Feltsman when he was a teenager back in Moscow. The veteran cellist Mstislav Rostropovich tripped him purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic( 资深大提琴家米提斯拉夫罗斯特罗波维奇故意把他绊倒，因而治愈了他的上台前的恐惧症)Mr. Feltsman said, “ All my fright was gone. I already fell. What else could happen?”Today, music sc