1、八年级英语下册第二单元词语短语归纳八年级英语下册第二单元词语短语归纳一丶重点短语arguev.争论;争吵argueithsb.与某人吵架Iarguedithybestfriend.我和我的好朋友吵架了。eitheradv.也Hedoesnthaveanyoney,andIdont,either.他没有钱,我也没有。Icantplaychess.Shecant,either.我不会下国际象棋,她也不会。too也Iateacher.Heisateacher,too.我是老师,他也是老师。asforsth.向某人寻求某物;要Dontasforfoodeveryday.Goandfindsoeor.别
2、天天要饭,找点儿工作做。Idontthinyoushouldasyourparentsforsoeoney.我想你不应向父母要钱。thesaeas.与相同Theclothesarethesaeasyfriends.这些衣服与我朋友的一样。ToisthesaeageasAnna.=ToisasoldasAnna.汤姆和安娜一样大。Herbacpacisthesaeasine.她的背包与我的一样。except除以外;yclasshasbeeninvitedexcepte.除我以外,我的同学都被邀请了。Allthestudentsenttotheparexcepthi.除了他之外,全体同学都去过公园
3、了。TheyalltraveledAericaexcepther.除了她以外,所有的学生都去美国旅行过。注意区别:besides除以外,还有.eallenttherebesideshi.除他去以外,我们也都去了。他也去了,我们也去了!/大家都去了!Therearefiveorevisitorsbesidese.除了我之外还有5名访客rongad错误的;有毛病的;不合适的hatsrongithyou?你怎么了?Ivegotaheadache.我头痛。hatsrongithyouratch?Itdoesntor.你的手表怎么了?它不走了。注意:hatstheatterithyou?=hatsron
4、githyou?=hatsthetroubleithyou?你怎么了?/你出什么事了?getonithsb.与某人相处getonithsth某事进展地好Thestudentsillgetonelliththeteacher.学生会和老师相处得非常好。Hoareyougoingonithyournefriends?你和你的新朋友相片如何?Thesedays,rGreengetsonellithhisnejob.这些天,格林先生的工作进展很顺利haveafightithsb.=fightithsb.与某人打架Idontanttohaveafightithycousin.我不想和我的堂兄打架。The
5、yneverfightitheachother.Theyarereallygoodfriends.他们从不打架,他们的确是好朋友。二、主要句型hatshouldIdo?youcouldritehialetter.hatshouldhedo?aybeheshouldsaysorrytohihatshouldtheydo?Theyshouldntargue.三、词语辨析borrosth.frosb.从某人处借进某物lendsth.tosb.=lendsb.sth把某物借给某人注:borrosth.frosb.是指该句的主语从别人处借进某物例:HeborroedthedictionaryfroLuc
6、yyesterday.他昨天从露西处借了那本字典.lendsth.tosb.=lendsb.sth.是指该句的主语把某物借给别人用例如:couldyoulendeyourcar?=couldyoulendyourcartoe?请你借给我你的车用一下好吗?getsb.todo使做Hecouldgetatutortoetohishoe.他可以请一位家庭教师来他家。youllnevergethertoagree.你决不可能使她同意。assb.todo邀请做easedhertoetoourparty.我们请她来参加聚会tellsb.todo让某人做某事例如:Theteachertoldhitofini
7、shtheorthatday.老师那天让他完成那项工作。beinstyle时髦的,流行的beoutofstyle过时的,不时髦的例:Loo!Hernedressisinstyle.她的新裙子很时髦。Thoseclothesareoutofstyle.那些衣服过时了。四、课文解释Idontanttosurprisehi.我不想让他感到意外。此处surprise是及物动词surprisesb.使某人感到吃惊eg.yfriendalayssurprisese.talaboutitonthephone用电话就此事进行交流onthephone在电话里。不能使用inthephone、eg.Theytala
8、boutalotonthephoneyesterday.他们昨天在电话里谈了很多callsb.=givesb.acall给某人打电话ritesb.aletter=ritealettertosb.给某人写信givehiaticettoaballgae.给他一张观看球赛的入场券eg.Theygottoticetstotonightssho.他们搞了两张今晚表演的入场券。ShehasthesaehaircutasIdo.她和我有相同的发型。eg.Tihasthesaeclothesashisbrotherdoes.提姆和他的弟弟有相同的衣服。findout发现,查出,找出youshouldfindo
9、uttheanserforyourself.你应该自己去找答案。Everyoneelseinyclassasinvitedexcepte.除了我以外,我们班其他别的人都接到了邀请此句中else一词不能单独使用,它必须跟在不定代词像“soeone,anyonenobody”等词的后面,或跟在特殊疑问词像“hat,here”等词的后面使用意思是“别的”eg.hatelse别的什么,hoelse其他谁soeoneelse其他人IcantthinhatIdidrong.我真想不出我做错了什么。此句中hatIdidrong是宾语从句,应用陈述语序0、Iveryupsetanddontnohattodo.
10、我很沮丧,不知该干什么。此句中hattodo是不定式作no的宾语,可用宾语从句来代替。可以说成“IdontnohatIshoulddo.”请背熟以下两个常见结构:Idontnohattodo.我不知道该做什么。Idontnohotodoit.我不知道该怎么去做它。1、Therearealotofthingsyoucoulddo.有许多你能做的事。此句中youcoulddo是定语从句,修饰前面的名词“things”youleftyourhoeorathoe.你把你的作业落在家里了。leavesth.+介词短语,是“把忘在,落在的意思。eg.Helefthisubrellaonthebus.他把伞
11、忘在公交车上。注:千万不能根据汉语的说法写为:forgetsth,只能用leavesth.表示“落下”3、youshouldtrytobefunny.你应该试着幽默一些。Trytodo努力做,试着做,尽量做而trynottodo是尽量不做eg.Pleasetrynottobelateagain.请尽量不要再迟到。Theirschooldaysarebusyenough.他们的学校生活是够忙的。enough必须放在形容词/副词的后面,表示“足够的”eg.Heistallenoughtoreachthatapple.他足够高的可以够着那个苹果。beundertoouchpressure.在太多的压
12、力下seeotherchildrendoingalotofthings看别的孩子在做许多事seesb.doing看见某人正在干某事Seesbdosth看见某人做过某事eg.esatheplayingbasetballatthattie.那时我们看见他们在打篮球findithardtodosth.发现做很难Hefoundithardtolearnathell.他发现学好数学很难注:it初中阶段常作:形式主语/形式宾语,而句子真正的主语/宾语则由todo来担当.练习题一丶单项选择Inotgoodatath.Ireallydontno_.A.hatshouldIdoB.hoshoulddoc.hat
13、todoybestfriendisthesae_.eareboth12yearsold.A.asyageB.ageasec.aseagecanyou_hattietheeetingstarts?A.findoutB.looafterc.findyothernoslittleaboutfashion.Herclothesarealays_A.instyleB.outofstylec.neandsartDad,IdonthaveenoughoneytobuyacD.couldyou_esoe?A.borroB.lendc.eepDontargue_yourparents.Itsnotpolite.
14、A.toB.forc.ith“hatshouldIdo?”“_youcouldget_part-tiejob.”A.aybe,aB.aybe,/c.Really,a-youdbetternotgooutno.Itsraining.-Itdoesntatter.ynecoatcaneep_therain.A.inB.ofc.outItsabeautifulcoat.Buthe_only30dollarsforit.A.paidB.boughtc.spent0.Theeatheris_forustogosiing.A.enougharB.arenoughc.tooar1.He_hishoeorat
15、hoeyesterday.A.leftB.leavesc.forgotcouldyougivee_toeat?Ihungry.A.anythingB.soethingc.soething3.Ifyouarerong,youshould_sorry_others.A.tal,toB.say,toc.spea,aboutIastoldtobeherebeforeseven.-oh,you_.Isorryfornottellingyouthatehavechangedtheplan.A.ustB.cantc.neednthatsrong_yourradio?-Itdoesntor.A.toB.ith
16、c.for二丶根据首字母及句意完成单词。ea_iththetaxidriverabouttheoneyyesterday.Underthep_ofodernlife,anypeoplefeelverytired.Everyoneenttoplaysoccere_To,becausehedoesntlieit.Shedidntgotobedu_herothercaebaclastnight.juliaf_hertest,sosheasveryupset.三丶甩所给词的适当形式填空。Dontbestressedout.youshouldtry_relaxed.Givee_orletedieIplanto_heratherbirthdayparty.couldyouplease_ethoseduplings?Iveryupsetanddontnohat_.四丶根据汉语完成句子。她生你的气了,所以你她打电话。She_you,soyoushould_.你能给我一些建议吗?couldyougivee_?Henry很失落,不知道该怎么做。Henryisvery_anddoesntno_.星期三詹姆斯把他的历史书落在家里了jaes_hishistoryboo_on_.孩子们需要时间和自由去玩耍与思考。childrenneed_and_toplayandthin.
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