英语中常用的连词.docx

1、英语中常用的连词英语中常用的连词 No matter whether he had been invited or not, he was there to celebrate Wu Yous birthday. 无论他是否被邀请参加，他去了就是为了庆贺吴莜的生日。对于whether. or not前是否能用no matter，部分学生感到疑惑。他们说，见过no matter who, no matter what, no matter how, no matter where, no matter when等，没见过no matter whether. or not。可见，对于no matt

2、er的用法他们只知其一，不知其二。针对这一情况，笔者特将no matter的用法归纳、整理如下。 1. 词组no matter可独立成句，也可在句中担当成分。如： 1) No matter! 不要紧！ 2) No matter, Ill go myself. 不碍事，我自个儿去。 3) No matter if they do not take this factor into consideration. 如果他们不考虑这个因素，那无关紧要。 4) It is (of ) no matter. (no matter在句中作表语或of的宾语。) 这无关紧要。 5) I had somethin

3、g to say, but its no matter. 我本来有句话要说，但不是很重要。 2. 词组no matter在it作形式主语、真正主语位于句末的句子中作表语。如： 1) It is no matter that he didnt phone. 他没打没关系。 2) It made no matter to him that his brother lost all his money. 他哥哥把所有的钱都弄丢了，这对他来说是无关紧要的。 3) Its no matter whether you get there early or late. 不论你到那里早或晚都无关紧要。 3.

4、no matter与疑问词who, what, where, when, how, if, whether等连用，意为“无论，不管”。如： 1) Dont open the door, no matter who es. 不管谁来都别开门。 2) Dont trust him, no matter what he says. 无论他说什么，都别相信他。 3) No matter where you work, you can always find time to study. 无论你在哪里工作，你都能找到时间学习。 4) No matter when and how the invaders

5、 e, they will be wiped out clean. 无论侵略者什么时候来，怎样来，他们必将被消灭得一干二净。 5)Are you going home? 你回家吗？Not yet. No matter how hard I work, there is always more to do. 还不行。不管我干得多么卖力，总是有做不完的工作。 6) Mary wanted to get to school on time, no matter if she went without breakfast. 玛丽就是不吃早餐也要准时赶到学校。 7) No matter whether

6、it is light or dark at that hour, weve decided to leave at five oclock in the morning. 不管到时候是否天亮，我们都已决定早晨5点离开。 no matter who (what, when, where, how, whether等)引导的从句通常在句中作状语，表示让步，但有时也可在句中作宾语。如： 8) The man who is lazy radiates laziness in no matter what situation he be observed. no matter what situati

7、on he be observed 在句中作in的宾语。另外，该从句中的谓语用了虚拟语气现在时(即动词原形)不管什么情况下观察他，那个懒汉都显得很懒。 4. 有时， no matter what, no matter who, no matter when等可用于句末或句中。如： 1) We have to get to the airport on time, no matter what. 我们无论如何也要准时赶到机场。 2) Theyre going to win no matter what. 他们无论如何都要赢。 3) Anyone, no matter who, may point

8、 out our shortings. 不管是什么人，都可以指出我们的缺点。 5. 有时，在no matter what引出的从句中要省略谓语动词。如： 1) No matter what the excuse, you must not be late. 不管有什么借口，你一定不要迟到。英语中的连词主要分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组或从句。常见的表示语义引申的并列连词有： 1. and Justice is on your side. And justice will triumph over injustice. 正义在你们一边，而正义是会战胜非正义的。 2.

9、 neither. nor She could neither speak the language nor write it. 这种语言她既不会说，也不会写。 3. both. and A man should have both courage and perseverance.一个人既要有勇气又要有毅力。 4. not only. but also We should not only be bold, but also be cautious. 我们不仅要大胆，而且要谨慎。 5. as well as I have read one of his novels as well as a

10、 few of his plays. 我读过他的一本小说和几个剧本。表示选择的并列连词有： 1. or You may do it yourself, or ask someone else to do it. 你可以自己做或者让别人做。 2. either. or I left it either on the table or in the drawer. 我不是把它放在桌子上了，就是放在抽屉里了。除了表示选择外，or和either. or还可以表示否定的条件： 1) Now I must go or (if not) I shall be late for the party. 我现在得

11、走了，否则晚会我就要迟到了。 2) Youll either behave yourself, or youll never go out with me. 你要么老实点，要么就永远不能跟我一起出去。表示转折或对比的并列连词有： 1. but He tried hard but he was unsuccessful. 他做了很大努力但没有成功。 2. yet The car was old, yet it was in excellent condition. 这辆车子很旧，但仍处于良好的状态。 3. however She felt ill. She went to work, howev

12、er, and tried to concentrate. 她病了。然而她照旧去上班，并且尽力集中精神工作。 4. nevertheless I dont know anything against that man; nevertheless I dont trust him. 我对那个人没有什么不良的看法，但我不能信赖他。表示因果关系的并列连词有： 1. for Youd better put on your sweater, for its rather cold outside. 你最好把毛衣穿上，外边相当冷。 2. so My sister is expecting me，so I

13、must be off now. 姐姐在等我，因此我得走了。 3. therefore You are right, therefore we should support you. 你是对的，所以我们应当支持你。 4. hence I fell off my bike yesterdayhence the bruises. 我昨天骑自行车摔倒了所以青一块、紫一块的。从属连词是用来引导从句的。引导时间状语从句的从属连词有： 1. when There was prolonged applause when he began to speak. 他开始讲话时响起了经久不息的掌声。 2. whil

14、e We should strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。 3. as As (When) he entered, the hall burst into thunderous applause. 当他进来时，全场发出雷鸣般的掌声。 4. after After I visit Shanghai Ill travel up the Yangtze. 访问某之后，我将溯长江而上。 5. before It would be months before he was fit for the work. 要过好几个月他才能适应工作。 6. since It

15、is just a week since we arrived here. 我们到这里才一个星期。 7. until (till) I shall stay here until (till) Ive pleted my studies. 我要在这里待到学习结束为止。 8. as soon as As soon as he got well, he went back to work. 他病一好就回去上班了。 9. once Once he said that, I knew he was lying. 他一说这话我就知道他在撒谎。引导原因状语从句的从属连词有： 1. because He f

16、ailed because he was too careless. 因为他太粗心，所以失败了。 2. as As it was already rather dark, we decided to stop at the temple for the night. 因为已经相当晚了，我们决定在庙里待一夜。 3. since Since you dont want to go, we wont force you to. 既然你不愿意去，我们也不勉强你。 4. now that Now that you are all back, wed better start the work right

17、 away. 你们既然都回来了，我们最好马上就开始工作。 5. considering (that) They did the job quite well considering (that) they had no experience. 考虑到他们没有什么经验，这项工作他们已经干得不错了。 6. seeing that Seeing that (Since) nobody was very enthusiastic about it, they decided to cancel the trip. 由于都没有很高的热情，他们决定取消这次旅行。引导条件状语从句的从属连词有： 1. if

18、If you can do it, so can I. 你要是能办到，我也能办到。 2. even if We wouldnt lose heart even if we should fail ten times. 我们就是失败十次也不灰心。 3. unless I wont go unless you want me to. 除非你要我去，否则我是不会去的。 4. in case Wed better take our raincoats in case it should rain (rains). 我们最好把雨衣带着以防下雨。 5. provided /providing (that)

19、 Ill e provided (providing) (that) you let me know in good time. 你要是及时通知我是会来的。 6. suppose/supposing (that) Suppose (Supposing) (that) he wont agree, what shall we do? 假如他不同意，我们怎么办？ 7. as (so) long as You may use the room as long as you keep it clean. 只要保持清洁你可以用这个房间。 8. on condition (that) Ill lend y

20、ou the book on condition (that) you return it on Monday. 只要你能在星期一还我，这本书我就借给你。引导让步状语从句的从属连词有： 1. although / though Everybody worked with great enthusiasm although/though the weather was extremely cold. 虽然天气很冷，大家工作得非常起劲。 2. even if (though) Even if I have to walk all the way Ill get there. 即使我得一路走着去，我

21、也要去那里。引导比较状语从句的从属连词有： 1. than We have produced 20% more cotton this year than we did last year. 我们今年棉花产量比去年高百分之二十。 2. as (so).as He doesnt play half as well as his sister. 他演奏的水平不及他姐姐的一半。引导目的状语从句的从属连词有： 1. lest She explained again and again lest people should misunderstand her. 她一再解释唯恐人们误解。 2. so th

22、at Speak clearly so that we may understand you. 讲话要清楚，以便我们能听明白。 3. in order that He assigned us some books to read at home in order that (so that) we might have a deeper understanding of the subject. 他指定几本书给我们回家看，以便我们对这一主题有一个较深的了解。引导结果状语从句的从属连词有： 1. so.that She was so moved that tears came to her ey

23、es. 她感动得热泪盈眶。 2. such.that It was such a boring speech that I fell asleep. 演讲枯燥乏味，听得我都睡着了。引导名词性从句的连词有三个：(1)that (本身无意义)，(2)whether (or not)，(3)if。例如： That they will refuse the offer is unlikely. 他们不太可能会拒绝这个建议。 I dont know whether (=if) these figures are accurate. 我不知道这些数字是否精确。需要注意的是：whether (or not)

24、 可引导大部分名词性从句；if仅可引导宾语从句，而且不可跟or not。例如： Whether (if) they will e or not wont make much difference. 他们来不来关系不大。 I wonder if (=whether) she has received our telegram. 我不知道她是否收到了我们的电报。连词是一种起连接作用的词。它用来把单词；短语或句子连在一起。连词按其性质分为两大类；并列连词和从属连词。1. 并列连词并列连词用来连接属于同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词；短语或句子。并列连词包括：基本并列连词如 and, or , but

25、, 关联连词如 either.or , neither.nor , not only.but also ,both .and, whether.or 等；介于并列连词与从属连词之间的连词；介于并列连词与从属连词或介词之间的结构如 as well as , as much as, rather than , more than, no less than 等；此外还有些半连接词，一些语法学家把它们称为连接副词，如 nevertheless, however, meanwhile, otherwise, likewise 等，它们在句中做连接性状语。这类连词主要是从逻辑上，而不是从形式上连接句子，

26、其关系比较松散。1) 表示意义转折和对比的并列连词常见的有：but , while, whereas, still, yet , nevertheless, likewise, anyway , only 等。例如：The bike was quite old but in excellent condition. （转折）It never rains but it pours. （对比）能表示上述转折概念的还有 conversely , on the contrary, by this time, all the same , fortunately, on the other hand ,

27、 in the meantime 等词语。2) 表示选择的并列连词常见的有： or, whether.or, either.or, otherwise 等。例如：You can stay at home or go to the cinema.Heat the water, otherwise it will freeze.You may either stay here or go with us.Whether in school or at home, Jim is always cheerful.Either .or 和 whether.or 表示选择，其意义比单用 or 要强，但由

28、whetrher.or 构成的并列结构一般只能担任句子的从属成分。上例中最后一句， whether.or 结构在句中担任句子的从属成分。 Either .or 和 or 一样，可以连接两个并列的独立分句，而 whether.or 则不可以。 or 用于表示否定的条件意义时，有时可与连用。例如：Hurry up, or else youll miss the last bus.Or 连接主语时，如主语都是单数，动词则取单数形式；如主语都是复数，动词则取复数形式，如果主语有的是复数，动词则取复数形式，如果主语有的是单数，有的是复数，动词的数则与它靠近的主语的数相一致。例如：Either Tom o

29、r his sisters are ing.连接两个主语时，动词的数也应与靠近他的主语的数相一致。例如：Neither he nor I am a good student. 3) 表示因果意义的并列并列连词常见的有： for ,so ,therfore ,hence ,thus, accordingly, consepuently, on that account, in that case 等。例如：The fuel must have beeenfinished, for the engine stopped.It rained , therefore the game was call

30、ed off.表示原因的并列连词只有 for ，它所引导的分句只是对前一分句补充说明理由或推断原因。 for 引导的分句只能置于句末，而且必须用逗号与前一分句隔开。上面所提到的 so,therefore 等词，有的语法学家把它们做为连接性状语。4) 表示联合关系的并列连词常见的有： and, both.and, neither.nor, not only. but also 等。例如：No man ,no animal, and no house is to be found on the island.Without both money and talent, science would

31、progress slowly.Neither the students nor the teacher has read the paper.Not only the students but also the teacher has been there.从上述诸例可以看出，当 neither.nor, not only .but also 连接主语时，动词的数则与靠近它的主语的数相一致。 Both .and 不能连接两个以上的并列成分，也不能连接分句。例如：误：Both Mary swept the floor and Nancy mopped it.正：Mary swept the floor and Nancy mopped it.5) 其它并列连词常见的有： as well as, more than, rather than, no less than 等. (1) as well as 表示 同 和 也 的意义as well as 用作并列连词时它意义相当于 not only.but also, 但侧重点在后一并列成分上而 as wel