八年级英语重点知识整理Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、There are+复数（a lot of, some, a few,few,no,many）How much+单数不可数How many+复数同义句:1、Lily froze. Lily was frightened and stopped moving suddenly.2、I spent 20 yuan on the book.I paid 20 yuan for the book.3、I waited until you called me.I didnt leave until you called me. 4、We cleaned up the classroom this mor

2、ning.We made the classroom clean this morning.5、Water comes from the sea in the first place.Water comes from the sea at first.6、Oxygen is valuable.Oxygen is of great value.Chapter 21、hold a meeting 开会 2、millions of数百万的3、decide to do sth.决定做某事 4、ask for 请求5、take note 做笔记 6、vote for sb.投票给某人7、in one w

3、eek s time 一周以后 8、take part in 参加 同义短语：1、take charge of=be responsible for=be in charge of 负责2、ought （not） to=should （not） （不）应该3、consider=think（thought） about 考虑4、consider=finish 完成5、lend sb. sth. =lend sth. to sb. = borrow sth. from sb.6、briefly=in a few words 简单的7、 take over=discuss 讨论1、hold （hel

4、d） 举行 hold a meeting=have a meetingE.g. We held a meeting last week.2 、decide to do sth. 决定做某事 make a decision 做决定E.g. I decided to get up early everyday.3、suggest v. 建议 suggestion n. advise v. 建议 advice n.用法:suggest doing sth. advise to do sth. 4 、free 免费的 be free to 对免费E.g. These newspapers are fr

5、ee to people.扩展：free 空闲的 反义词:busy 忙碌5、what about how about 怎么样常用来征求对方的看法或意见，后面可接名词、代词或动名词E.g. WhatHow about playing basketball? how what 用法How +形容词或副词+主语+谓语E.g. How tall he is!What +名词或名词短语+主语+谓语E.g. What a tall boy he is!转换：She is a beautiful girl. How beautiful she is! What a beautiful girl she is

6、!注意：weather、 fun、 time不可数E.g. What nice weather it is!同义句：1、We made a decision to have a meeting next week.We decided to have a meeting next week. 2、They considered the last question.They thought about the last question.3、Tim was absent today.Tim was not here today.4、Arthur is responsible for taking

7、 notes. Arthur takes charge of taking notes.Arthur is in charge of taking notes.5、We are talking about this question now.We are discussing this question now.Chapter 31work as 从事工作 2.get information 搜索信息3protect the innocent保护无辜者 4.look for 寻找5find the guilty找到罪犯 6.deny doing sth.否认做某事7admit （to） doi

8、ng sth. 承认做某事8. notice sb. doing sth. 留意到正在做某事1. instead of=in place of 代替2. show sth. to sb.=show sb. sth. 把某物给某人看3. no longer=notany longer=not any more不再4. question sb.=ask sb. some questions提问某人1. alone（adv.）独自 lonely （adj.）孤独的alone=by oneself=on ones own 独自E.g. He lives alone, but he doesnt fee

9、l lonely.2. recent （adj.）最近的 recently （adv.）最近地E.g. Please tell me your recent life.动词不定式和动名词动词不定式：动词+to doE.g.He wants to be a doctor in the future. She came to Beijing last year. I agreed to go with him. 动名词: 动词+doingE.g. I enjoy listening to the music.He admitted stealing her purse.They suggested

10、 going to the park.1.大部分动词用动词不定式，少部分动词用动名词;2.let、make后面直接加do;3.有一些特殊动词不定式句子： My father helps me learn English. Mr. Lin let us finish it by ourselves.I saw Peter enter the bank.I often hear Lily sing songs. The boss made the workers work 16 hours a day last week.句型：Its +adj. +to do sth.E.g. Its time

11、to have lunch. Its easy to get fat to eat too much sweet. Its harmful to your health to smoke a lot. 1. We study English as well as Chinese. We study English and Chinese.2. I go to school by bus instead of by car.I go to school by bus in place of by car.3. He is no longer a student.He isnt a student

12、 any longer.He isnt a student any more.4. The detective questioned her.The detective asked her some questions.Chapter 41. in one s opinion 按某人的意见 2.be unaware of不知道3. the answer to的答案 4.raise a question提出问题5. more importantly更重要的是6.for these reasons由于这些原因1. tiny=very small 极小的2. dependent on=rely on

13、 依赖于3. rarely=seldom 很少4. hardly ever=seldom 几乎不5. for the time being=now 暂时1. operate =make sth. work 操作operate on sb. 给某人做手术2. be unaware of 不知道E.g. I am unaware of =I dont know3. in ones opinion 按某人的意见来看E.g.In my opinion, he is right.=I think he is right.4. the answer to （n.） 的答案 answer （v.） 回答 E

14、.g. The answer to this question is 24.He answers the question.形容词的比较级和最高级构成：1.一般直接在形容词后加erest 2.以e 结尾直接加 rst 3.以辅音字母结尾加y ，把y变i， 加erest4.重读闭音节结尾，双写辅音字母，再加erest5.不规则（要熟记）（1）比较词前加much表示程度上的差别E.g. Tony is much tall than Peter.（2）最高级后面可用in，of，among等来说明比较范围E.g.1.Jingji 100 is the tallest building in the S

15、henzhen.2. This apple is the biggest of all.3. Mary is the youngest among them. Chapter 51.rush down 冲下 2.run a competition举办一个比赛3.seconds later 几秒种后 4. by midnight到了半夜5. except for 除了 6. make jokes about讲关于笑话7. succeeded in doing sth. 成功做某事 1. run=make sth. work 运作2.draginto=pullinto 把拉进来3. seconds

16、 later=after a while 过了一会儿4. make jokes abouton=play jokes abouton 取笑1. celebrate + n. 庆祝E.g. They are celebrating Tims birthday.2. competition （n.） 比赛 compete （v.） 比赛 competitor（n.）参赛者E.g. I want to attend this competition.3. look out= be carefullook for 寻找 look after 照顾 look over = examine 检查 look

17、 down upon sb. 看不起某人 look up to 看得起；尊重5. expect for除了 = not including比较except 、except for、besideThe bus was empty, except for tom. （前后不同类）We go to school every day except weekend. （前后不同类）We have winter holiday besides summer holiday.（相当于and）6. succeed in doing sth. = be successful in doing sth.成功做某事

18、7. take turn 轮流This time its your turn to clean the classroom.现在完成时1.结构：have、has+过去分词（1）for +表示一段时间的短语（2）since+表示过去时间点的词语（3）since+表示过去时间的时间状语从句E.g. I have been a teacher for a year.I have been at this school since 1998.We have learned 1,000 English words since we came to this school. 2.already（已经 用于

19、肯定句），yet（还没有 用于否定句），never（从不），ever（曾经），just（刚刚），before（之前）此类副词，常强调动作完成。E.g. have you ever been to Hong Kong.I have just finished my homework.I have already finished my homework.I havent finished my homework yet.区分have been to（去过） 和 have gone to（去了）I have been to Beijing. （ 去过，已经回来了）I have gone to Be

20、ijing. （去了，还没有回来）3.表示过去有某种经历或经验，常用的时间状语有once，twice，before，ever等。区分短暂性动词和延续性动词表示短暂性（瞬间性）的动词在现在完成时的句子中不能和一段时间连用，即for， since短语和how long问句。E.g. （1） I came here one year ago. I have been here for one year.（2）I bought the book a week ago. I have had the book for a week. （3）He borrowed the book three month

21、s. He has kept the book for three months.短暂性动词与持续性动词的转换：短暂性动词 持续性动词 come 、arrive be atingo out be outleavebe away （from）begin be onbuyhaveborrowkeepjoinbe a member ofdiebe deadcatch a coldhave a coldfinishbe overChapter 61. make a living 谋生 2.according to 根据3. sell out of 卖完 4.open a pet shop 开一家宠物店

22、 5. watch closely 仔细观看 6. receive a complaint 收到投诉7. extremely fortunate 非常幸运 .1. heard from=receiveget a letter from收到来信2. leave for=go away to启程，出发去3. in no time=very soon=right away=at once立刻4. take pleasure in doing sth.=be happy to do sth.=do sth. happily 乐意做某事5. be satisfied with = be please w

23、ith 对满意6. whisper = speaksay （sth） in a low voice 耳语7. fortunate=lucky 幸运1. invisible 看不见的 反义词：visible 看见的 E.g. The fish is invisible.=We cant see the fish.2. according to 根据 用法：作为介词来使用，其后应加名词或代词E.g. Well be paid according to the amount of work we do.3. need 需要可以作及物动词，其后可以加名词或代词作宾语E.g. They need no

24、food.= They dont need any food.（两句语气稍有不同）4. hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事E.g.I heard the boy cry.副词（简写：adv.）1. 作用：修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和整个句子，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等。2.构成：大部分副词是由形容词变化形成的 （1）大多数形容词+lyquiet-quietly（2）辅音字母+ly结尾的形容词去y为i，+lyhappy- happilylucky-luckily（3）辅音字母+le结尾的形容词，去e,+ly terrible-terriblygentle-gently（4）元音字

25、母+e结尾的形容词去e，+lytrue-truly（5）元音字母+辅音字母（除I）+e结尾的形容词wide-widelypolite-politely频率词、时间词、一些疑问词等也是副词，如：often, yesterday, when，outside，already2. 其他副词不以ly结尾的副词：well，very与形容词同形的副词：fast，hard，early，high有些以ly结尾的，不是副词，而是形容词，如： friendly，lovely，lively等 Chapter 7短语：1、traditional jobs 传统职业 2、strong enough 足够强壮3、be go

26、od at doing sth. /do well in doing sth. 擅长做4、be used to do sth. 被用来做 be used to doing sth. 习惯于做5、removefrom 从移开 6、the rest of 剩余的7、set off 离开 = leave for 8、be interested in / show interest in 对感兴趣 be keen on / be fond of 9、up to = until 直到10、no longer / not any longer / not any more 不再 11、slim = thi

27、n 苗条的 1.require = need 需要、要求2. with eg. She is beautiful with long hair. 她很美丽和有长发。with 是表示伴随的动作或状态3.enough 足够 放在形容词或副词前eg. He is old enough to go to school. 他够年龄去上学了。=He is so old that he can go to school.放在名词前enough money 足够的钱 enough space / room 足够的空间 4. enable to do sth. 让能够去做eg. The books enable us to find out the world better. 这些书让我们更了解世界。=The books make us able to find out the world better.5.be interested i