高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Global warming单元知识 新人教版选修6.docx

1、高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Global warming单元知识 新人教版选修6Unit 4 Global warming1. consume vt. 消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完 The factories consume a large amount of coal. 这些工厂消耗了大量的煤。 We should consume most of our time in reading. 我们应该把大部分时间花在读书上。 The kids soon consumed all the food on the table. 孩子们一会儿功夫便把桌上的食品全部吃光了。【归纳拓展】be consume

2、d with 被（某种情感）所折磨consumer n. 消费者consumption n. 消费(量)；消耗(量)time-consuming adj. 耗时的 汉译英 她把大部分时间都花在读书上了。_ 这辆汽车很费汽油。_【答案】 She consumed most of her time in reading. The car consumes a lot of fuel.2. come about 出现；发生How did it come about that you were an hour late on such a short trip? 这样一次短途旅行你还迟到一小时，这是怎

3、么回事？ How did this come about? 这是怎么发生的？【归纳拓展】 come about是不及物动词短语，其后不能接宾语，也没有被动语态，主语一般为物。常指情况不受人控制地突然发生。常用句型：How did it come about that.？某事是怎么发生的？；It come about that.发生了。 与come有关的其他短语也要记住：come across 被理解；偶然碰见，无意中找到come along 跟着来；进步；赶快come back回来；记起 come on开始；上场；赶快；得了吧come out （花）开；出版，发行come to 总计，达到co

4、me up 走近；（从土中）长出，发芽；被提出come up with 赶上；提出（建议）【易混辨析】come about/happen/take place/break out/occurcome about 多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么。happen 强调偶然发生，主语往往是事件、事故等，其后可接不定式；常用于It happened that.句型中。take place 发生；举行，常指计划或安排好的事情的发生与进行，不含偶然性。break out 多指（战争、火灾、疾病、疫情等的）突然爆发occur 可指发生偶然事件或产生抽象事物（如思想等）；常用于It occurs to s

5、b that.结构。【名师点津】表示“发生”的词或短语：come about，happen，occur，take place，break out，都是不及物动词或短语，都没有被动语态。 New-comer as you are, if you spend a little more time on your work, I am sure youll _ ahead in the end. A.come up B.come about C.come through D.come out【答案】D3. subscribe （1）v. 同意，赞成；捐助，出资；订阅。常见搭配： subscribe

6、to同意/赞成(=agree with)；订阅（报刊等） subscribe to为捐助（金钱等）(=contribute to) They havent subscribed to newspapers yet. 他们还没有订阅报纸。（2）vt. 在签名；签。常见搭配： subscribe to在上签 I subscribed my name to the document.我在文件上签了名。【名师点津】和subscribe连用的to是介词，其后要跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语。 (1)I dont _ the view that girls are slower than boys in sc

7、ience. A. refer to B. see to C. subscribe to D. stick to【答案】C【解析】句意：我不同意女孩比男孩在科学方面反应慢的观点。refer to参考，谈到，提到，涉及；see to负责，处理，注意；subscribe to同意，赞同；stick to坚持，其宾语多为原则、规则、诺言或某一想法，根据句意可知选C。(2)What do you think of the plan to build a power station in the village? I dont _ to it at all. It will ruin the villa

8、ge. A.respond B.submit C.subscribe D.contribute【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。respond回应，回复；submit顺从，屈服，提交；subscribe同意，赞成，订阅；contribute贡献。句意：“你认为在这个村子里建一个电站这个计划怎么样？”“我一点也不赞成。它会毁掉这个村子的。”由句意可知，C选项切题。4. quantity n. 量；数量 Huge quantities of oil were shipped to Japan last year. 去年大量的石油被海运到日本。 As a result of destroying th

9、e forests，a large quantity of desert has covered (cover) the land. 由于破坏了森林，大量的沙漠覆盖了陆地。 He likes reading and always buys books in quantity. 他喜欢阅读，总是成批地买书。【归纳拓展】a large/small quantity oflarge/small quantities of“大/少量的”，既可以修饰 可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词 a(large)quantity of 后接名词作主语时，谓语常用单数形式 (large)quantities of 后接名

10、词作主语时，谓语常用复数形式in quantity 在数量上；大量地 in large quantities 大量地a quantity of和quantities of既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词，谓语动词由quantity本身的数决定。 There is a large quantity of rain in this area. 这一地区雨量大。 There are large quantities of rain in this area. 【巧学妙记】With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good eart

11、h _ each year. A. is washing away B. is being washed away C. are washing away D. are being washed away【答案】D5. tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾；vt.照顾，护理 tend to do sth.倾向于做某事 tend to/towards sth.倾向于某事 tend (to) sb./sth.照顾（=attend to） Janet tends to get angry if you disagree with her. 你如果不顺着珍妮特，她往往容易大发脾气。 Mom was usu

12、ally busy tending (to) my younger sisters. 妈妈通常要忙于照顾我的妹妹们。【归纳拓展】tendency n. 倾向；偏好have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做某事（1）Take it easy. People to make mistakes when doing things in a hurry. A.promise B.tend C.offer D.expect【答案】B【解析】句意:放松些,人们在着急做事时总容易犯错。tend to意为倾向,符合句意。promise答应,允诺;offer提供;expect期待,预料。（2

13、）As many students will graduate from colleges, there is a for unemployment to rise in the summer. A.custom B.tendency C.tension D.supply【答案】B6. go up上升，增长，升起 为不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。近义词有rise和increase。常见的搭配： go up by上升了（by表示上升的程度或幅度） go up to上升到（to表示上升的后果） Prices of fruit and vegetables have already goneup

14、水果和蔬菜的价格已经上涨了。【归纳拓展】go短语总结： go down 倒下，下沉；(物价)下降go out 出去，(灯)灭go on 继续go over 仔细检查；复习go through 经历，遭受；穿过；完成(工作等)go in for爱好；对感兴趣；参加语法填空I dont go _ for rock n roll. Its much too noisy for me.If you go _ nature, you will be punished sooner or later.With prices going _ so fast, we cant afford luxuries.

15、(奢侈品)If you want to use my dictionary, go _. Its a spare one.She went _ a lot of hardships in her childhood.【答案】 in against up ahead through7. result in导致，造成的结果 其中in是介词，后面跟名词、动名词作宾语。近义词（组）有cause,bring about,lead to, contribute to。 Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration. 紧张和疲劳常使

16、人精神不集中。 The accident resulted in two deaths. 这场意外事故造成两人死亡。【易混辨析】result in/result fromresult in意为“导致，造成”，指引起某种结果，即主语是原因，宾语是结果。result from意为“因而发生，随发生”，指某种结果是由于某种原因而产生的，即主语是结果，宾语是原因。Lack of exercise results in many illnesses. 缺乏锻炼会引起很多疾病。His stomachache resulted from his eating too much. 由于吃得太多，他肚子疼。【归

17、纳拓展】as a result结果as a result of.由于的结果without result没有结果；白费He has got lung cancer_ smoking twenty cigarettes a day. A.so B.as a result of C.as a result D.so that【答案】B8. oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量 opposed adj.相反的；对立的 常见搭配： oppose oppose sth.to/against sth.使某事物与另一事物对照或对抗 be opposed to.反对；与对立（to是介词） The pa

18、rents strongly opposed their daughter going there alone. 父母极力反对女儿单独去那里。 Most company bosses say they are opposed to employees working a lot of overtime. 大多数公司老板说，他们反对雇员频繁加班。My parents strongly _ my _ to go to college out of Beijing, because they dont like my being far away from them. A.enjoy; wish B

19、.oppose; attempt C.advocate; effort D.object; desire【答案】B9. consequence nC 结果；后果；影响 常见搭配： as a consequencein consequence结果，因此 in consequence ofas a consequence of由于，因为的缘故 answer for the consequences对后果负责 take the consequences of承担责任 The city was in ruins in consequence of/as a consequence of a sever

20、e earthquake. 由于严重的地震，这座城市变成了废墟。 She studied hard，and in consequence/as a consequence she passed the examination. 她努力学习，结果通过了考试。 I was caught in the heavy rain and consequently(consequent)I was late. 我碰上了大雨，所以迟到了。The problem of smog is becoming increasingly serious. _, the citizens need to wear mask

21、s when going out. A.On the contrary B.In other words C.As a consequence D.On the whole【答案】C10. state vt. & n. 陈述，说明（1）vt. 陈述，叙述；说明，声明 sth/wh- to do sth 说（明）某事state oneself to be. 宣称自己是 that. 说 It is stated that. 据说 The facts are already clearly stated in the report. 报道已经对事实作了清楚的说明。 Please state whet

22、her you are married or single. 请说明你是已婚或单身。 It is stated that the service in that hotel is better than before. 据称那家旅馆的服务水平比以前好多了。 They sated that the diamond had been stolen. 他们宣称钻石已被偷。（2）C n. 状态（况），情况；国家；州，邦 in a(n).state/in a state of 处于的状态keep up a good state of 保持良好的心态in a bad/good state 处于坏的/好的状

23、况中 Everything was in a state of disorder. 一切都处于紊乱的状态。 We must pay taxes to the state. 我们必须向国家纳税。【归纳拓展】statement n. 陈述，声明 make a statement 声明 The minister at first declined to make a statement, but later she agreed. 部长起初拒绝发表声明，但后来她同意了。I _ my destination. The driver acknowledged my instructions but di

24、d not move off. A. stated B. ordered C. decided D. chose【答案】A【解析】句意：我说出了我的目的地。司机听到我的指示，却没有出发。此处表示我说出目的地。state作动词，表示说明，陈述。11. even if即使；尽管 与even though同义，引导让步状语从句，从句常用一般时代替将来时。可位于句首或句中 I wouldnt tell you even if I knew.即使我知道我也不会告诉你。 He never apologizes, even though he knows that he is wrong. 他从不道歉，即使

25、他错了。 I wont go to the wedding even if I am invited. 即使被邀请我也不会去参加婚礼。【归纳拓展】引导让步状语从句的连词小结用although，though，even though，even if 等引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管”或“虽然”。用when 和 while 引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管；虽然”。用as 引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然；尽管”。用作此意时必须将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。The engineers are so busy that they have no time for sports activities,

26、 they have the interest. A.even if B.as if C.whenever D.wherever【答案】A12. keep on 继续 （1）用作不及物动词短语，在句中单独使用 （2）构成短语keep on doing sth. “继续做某事” Keep on until you come to a filling station.继续前进，直到加油站为止。 They kept on working although they were tired. 他们虽然很疲劳，但还是继续工作。 The heavy rain didnt keep them from wat

27、ching the football match. 大雨没能阻止他们看足球赛。【归纳拓展】keep 构成的短语还有： keep back(与)保持距离；抑制；隐瞒 keep off不接近 keep out挡住；使不进入 keep away from避开 keep up with赶上；跟上 keep ones word /promise履行诺言 keep.from (doing) sth阻止某人做某事 keep in touch with与保持联系 keep to坚守；遵守；坚持 keep.in mind记住用适当的介词或副词填空。We will reach the goal if we kee

28、p _ the plan.The captain tried his best to keep our spirits _He told the boys playing football to keep _ the grass.Keep the children away _ the machine.【答案】1 to up off from13. glance vi.看一下；瞥一眼；扫视；n.C一瞥 glance over/through/at浏览 at first glance/sight乍一看 give/take a glance (at)(朝)一瞥 He glanced through

29、/over the newspaper. 他大致浏览了一下报纸。 At first glance the problem seemed easy. 乍看之下这个问题似乎很简单。 She glanced at her watch and then went out in a hurry. 她匆匆看了看表然后匆忙出去了。【易混辨析】glance/glare/stareglance 指快速地看某人或某物一眼，强调动作glare 指怒视，强调敌对、威胁的态度stare 指由于害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某人或某物，也指盯着看Lily is so shy that whenever she is introduced to strangers, she always at them quickly and then looks down