便条写作格式与例文.docx

1、便条写作格式与例文便条写作格式与例文 便条写作 关于格式 便条(又称短笺)作为专业英语四级考试对英语应用文(practicalwriting)的考查点之一，是每年的固定题目。20XX年专业四级考试大纲将便条的分值由5分增至10分。分值的增加应当引起我们对这道题目的重视。考试大纲对英语专业写作便条部分的测试要求是:”根据提示写大约5060词的便条、通知、请帖等。要求做到格式正确，语言得体。考试时间为10分钟。”由此我们可以看出它所涉及的考点是格式和语言得体性。因此我们可以从格式、开篇结尾、表达是否清楚得当以及如何使用委婉语气和敬词这几方面着手进行复习和练习。 便条根据其用途可分成很多类，这里我们

2、着重讲经常考的几类:邀请类便条、致歉类便条、通知类便条、致谢类便条和祝贺类便条。然后我们会以内容的形式解读其他类便条的写作步骤和内容重点。 便条写作是专四写作部分考试中得分很有灵活性的一道题目，既可能得满分，也可能得分很低。其得分高低的关键之一在于格式是否正确。考试大纲对英语专业写作测试要求中提到:”便条写作最主要的是注意格式正确”。因此我们首先要熟练掌握便条写作的格式。 称呼顶格、日期在右、首行缩进、署名签在后 英文书信由6个部分组成:信头、信内地址、称呼、正文、谦语和署名。而便条写作有别于普通的书信，属 于非正式书信。它的格式非常清晰简单。它的篇幅短小，无需写信内地址，有时也无需写祝词和谦

3、语。如此 清晰的格式，我们可以将其简单地总结为:”称呼顶格、日期在右、首行缩进、署名签在后”。一篇便条作文格式 可用以下简图示意: 1?称呼要顶格，可根据亲疏关系冠以尊称或直呼姓名。可用Dear Sir or Madame，Dear Tom 等正式称呼，也可直呼其名。在称呼后面一般用逗号(英国式)，有时也可以用冒号(美国式)。我们习惯上还是用逗号。写给亲人和关系密切的朋友时，用Dear或My Dear再加上表示关系的称呼或直呼其名。例如:My dear mother，Dear Alice等。商务信函用Dear Sir或Gentleman(Gentlemen)。请注意不能出现Dear Gentl

4、emen这种称呼,Gentlemen前不能加Dear。我们也可用头衔或职位等再加姓名。例如:Dear Professor David Smith，Dear Dr.John Wells. 2?日期写在右上角。便条的日期既可写明具体年月日，也可只写星期几，若日期的准确性要求高也可以写明具体时刻。日期可写成Mayll-9005(美国)、llMay，20XX(英国)、Mayllth，20XX;llthMay，20XX等形式。Mayll,20XX此种用法最为普遍。 3?正文首行第一个字母缩进四个字母。便条正文位置在称呼语下面隔一行。正文注意不要按汉语习惯问候”Hello”。首行向右缩进，通常以缩进四个字

5、母为宜，第二行从左面顶格写起，这是缩进的格式。 4?署名签在最后，应在右下角。署名前可视情而定，写Yourss incerely；Yoursever；RespectfuIly yours等等以表恭敬之意，也可直接签名。注意一般不要按汉语写信习惯写”Your beStfriend”，”Your classmate”等称谓。谦语位置低于结束语一至二行，从信纸中间偏右的地方开始写。 下面是一则邀请类便条的示例: 9 a. m., May 11 Dear Mike, I”ve got two tickets to a concert given by the famous pop band Night

6、ingale. Yesterday I waited in a long queue in order to buy them because I”ve been looking forward to listening to this concert. It is to begin at 7 p. m. tomorrow. I have no classes tomorrow. Are you also free tomorrow? Would you like to e with me? When your classes are over, please phone me. Yours,

7、 Tom 邀请便条类 邀请类便条是非常实用的一类便条，无论是在正式的邀请函上还是朋友熟人间的邀请都有可能用到它。虽然近几年四级考试中只考过一次，我们对其还应该有相当的重视。 Write a note of about 5060 words based on the following situation: You have got two tickets to a concert given by a famous pop band/orchestra. Write a note to your friend,Hilda/Mike, describing briefly what it is

8、and inviting her/him to e with you. 四级考试大纲的测试要求明确指出，”根据提示写大约5060词的便条、通知、请帖等”。请帖即正式的邀请类便条。对于请帖的写作，我们应该特别注重语言得体。”语言得体”也是四级便条的考察点。四级便条的评分标准中就有”appropriacy”(适当、恰当)这一点。”适当、恰当”包括措辞和语气两方面。这要求我们根据情景和人物关系正确选择措辞和语气，做到措辞恰当、语气表达适当。考试中通常要求向熟悉的同事、同学、朋友写便条，用词比较通俗、口语化。 根据关系亲疏决定持辞和语气的正式程度 前面已经指出，便条分正式便条和非正式便条。我们应当首先

9、分清楚写便条者和收便条者之间的关系和情景的正式程度，以决定是用对方的职称还是直接称呼姓名，确定所使用的措辞。通常情况下便条的形式和内容比较简洁。中心内容可以用几句话概括，语言尽量通俗，口语化，简单扼要，直截了当，无需使用客套语言。但向诸如教授等长辈留便条时要注意措辞，并且用的语气要尽可能得委婉。 试比较以下两则便条: Dec. 29, 20XX Dear Ms. Smith, We will hold a party in our classroom to celebrate the mid-autumn festival at 8 p. m. this Friday. Will it be

10、possible that you e and join us in the celebration? We would be very delighted to have our dear teacher with us on this special occasion. If possible please let us know whether you can e at your convenience. Respectfully yours, Hua 反例： May 4, 20XX Dear Liu, We will have a party at 8 p. m. to celebra

11、te the mid-autumn festival in our classroom. Do you care to e to our party? I assure you there will be a lot of entertainment and joyful events. Don”t hesitate. e and see for yourself! 请再看下面几组例子: 1. I should appreciate it very much if you condescend to meet us. 2. e and meet us at the school gate! 3

12、. We are looking forward to the opportunity to listen to your in-depth speech”. 4. I can”t wait to listen to your speech! 四句话语气显然不同，第一和第三句客气，句式正规；二、四言简意赅，句子简短。我们应该在比较中理解语气的选择与使用。 便条语气不要生硬。比如以下句子: You have breakfast at eight, get your luggage downstairs at eight thirty and leave here for the airport

13、at nine. 这句话尽管表达地非常清楚，信息量充足，但语气生硬，没有礼貌。试改成下面这句: Breakfast is at eight. Would you please get your luggage downstairs at eight thirty? We are gomg to leave here for the airport at nine. 经过改动，变陈述句为疑问句，就显得礼貌、委婉。 我们可以多了解一些表达”请”的词，除了”please”我们还可以用be good enough; be kind enough; have the kindness, have the

14、 peasure to do/of doing/in doing; to take (a) pleasure in doing (something); to take pleasure in doing (something); to be pleased to(with) (by) ; to be delighted at (in) (with); to be glad to (of) (about) ; to be rejoiced in (at); to be extremely pleased to等短语来表达。 若要将句子变得更有礼貌、更委婉，除了使用表达”请”的词，我们还可以利用

15、以下几种方式: 1. 陈述句改为问句，而少用祈使句、感叹句等。比如，Would you please. Is there any possibility that . . . Why not. . . 等。 2. 采用包含would,should,might等情态动词的语句。提出劝告、建议:It would be /could be fine to do, I mightbebetter to. . perhaps you might like to; You might as do等;提出请求、询问意向:I would like to; Could you; Woul youif I may

16、,will. Could you possiblywould you mind等。 3. 陈述看法时，用过去时代替现在时是客气委婉的表示。I believed/thought. . . ; I was wondering if. I wondered if. . . : I wonder (wondered) if you can (could) spare a few minutes. I want (wanted) to ask if I can (could) borrow your bike. I hope (hoped) you can (could) give us some he

17、lp. 4? 一般将来时和将来进行时虽然都表示将来，但后者听起来更委婉。比如你要等一个人，说”I shall be waiting for you “比说”I shall wait for you”要委婉客气得多。另外，在疑问句中用将来进行时也比用现在进行时更为客气。例如: Are you staying in Beijing long? 你在北京住得久吗? Will you be staying in Beijing long?你将在北京久居吗? 常用表达方式： 开篇结尾句型 The Smiths kindly request your presence at the banquet to

18、be held. . . May we have the honor to invite you to the concert. . Will you please tell me what time will be convenient for us to get together. . . We should be so happy to have you e to dinner with us next Friday. I shall be grateful if you can e to my place at your earliest convenience. We”d like

19、to invite you to. . . Would you like to e with us to. . . Do you want to join us in. . . Are you interested in. . . Do you care to join us in. . . Would it be possible for you to join us at. . . We should be so happy to have you e to dinner with us tonight. 结尾 Please reply as soon as possible. Pleas

20、e let us know your decision ASSP. Please let me know by calling me up at the office. We would be very happy if you could join us. We are awaiting/anxious to receive your early reply. We should appreciate an early reply. We thank you now for the courtesy of your early attention. Kindly reply at your

21、earliest convenience. Please favor us with your reply as early as possible. Please write to us by tonight”s mail, without fail. May we remind you that we are still awaiting your early reply? Your prompt attention to this matter would be greatly esteemed. A prompt reply will greatly oblige us. Your p

22、rompt reply would be greatly appreciated. A prompt reply would help us greatly. May we request the favor of your early reply? We look forward to receiving your early reply. We thank you now for this anticipated courtesy. As the matter is urgent, an early reply will oblige. 如需要表达另附邀请函，则使用： Enclosed p

23、lease find Enclosed we hand you We enclose herewith Herewith we have the pleasure to hand you We have pleasure in enclosing herewith 道歉类 1. Write a note of about 60 words based on the following situation. You were supposed to hand in your book report for the Extensive Reading Course on Monday, but y

24、ou are two days late. Now you are outside Professor Lin”s office as you want to hand in your assignment, but he is not in. Write a note to him, apologizing and explaining why you did not give him your work on time. (1994TEM-4) 2. Write a note of about 5060 words based on the following situation: You

25、 are Peter/Mary. You had a party at your home recently, but you unintentionally neglected to invite a close friend of yoursVictoria. Write her a note apologizing for this and explaining how the mistake came about. (1997TEM-4) 3. Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a note of about 50-60 words based on the foll

26、owing situation: Yesterday you failed to turn up for the appointment with your teacher. Professor Wang. Write him a note of apology and make a request for another meeting. You should also suggest the time for the requested meeting. (200 ITEM-4) 4. Write a note of about 50-60 words based on the follo

27、wing situation: Your friend Clare has invited you to her house-warming party this weekend. However, you will be away then. Write her a note politely declining her invitation and expressing your best wishes to her. (20XXTEM-4) 致歉本身就应该态度诚恳。怀着诚恳的态度，致歉便条可以按照三个步骤来写：致歉；说明原因；请求理解、原谅。有时出于礼貌，还可在结尾表达补救方法。 May

28、 12, 20XX Dear Clare, Congratulations on your moving into a new house and thank you for inviting me. But I”m sorry that I won”t be able to e. (致歉) I will have to attend a very important meeting this Friday evening. (说明原因) I hope you will understand. (请求原谅) I will send a house-warming gift. I hope yo

29、u will enjoy the party. (表达补救办法) Send my best remembrance to Tom. Yours, Alice May 12, 20XX Dear Professor Wang, I feel terribly sorry that I failed to make out yesterday”s appointment with you. () My roommate was suddenly taken ill and there was nobody else around. So I took her to the hospital. Wh

30、en I finally got to your office, you were gone already. () I sincerely hope you will forgive me this time. () I know you are pretty occupied these days but is it possible to arrange another appointment with you? Can 8 p. m. this evening be all right with you? () I am looking forward to your reply. V

31、ery truly yours, Hua 例句： 开篇结尾句型 开篇 I”m sorry to tell you that. . . I hate to tell you but. . . I”m awfully/terribly sorry that I cannot go to school tomorrow due to illness. It”s with regret that. . . I regret to say that. . Please excuse my absence from class today. Owing to a bad cold, I am very s

32、orry that I am unable to go to school today. I sincerely express my apology for not being able to. . . We are grieved to hear of (about). . . It is with great regret that. . . Much to our regret that we were unable to keep our promise. . . We regret to receive your information. We regret that we have been informed that (of). . . To our deep regret we were informed that (of). . . Kindly