浙江大学C++课件Word格式.docx

1、class A private:int k;/hidden implementation float b;public:void SetK（int k）/member function k=k;a.k=777;/.X a.GetK（）constructor（initialization）destructor（cleanup）class Stack ;五五.2 Inheritance class Basic ;class Derive1:public Basic ;五五.3 Polymorphism（多态性）五五.3.1 Static Polymorphism Overloading 五五.3.

2、1.1 function Overloading（函数重载函数重载）五五.3.1.2 operator Overloading（操作符重载操作符重载）class Complex double m_r;double m_i;Complex（double r=0.0,double i=0.0）m_r=r;m_i=i;void operator（）（double r,double i）m_r=r;Complex operator+（const Complex&c）const return Complex（m_r+c,m_r,m_i+c,m_i）;double GetR（）const retur m_

3、r;double GetI（）const retur m_i;class ComplexPtr Complex*m_ptr;ComplexPtr（Complex&c）m_ptr=c;const ComplexPtr&operator=（Complex*const ptr）m_ptr=ptr;return*this;Complex*operator-（）const return m_ptr;Complex&operator*（）return*m_ptr;operator（int i）return m_ptri;const Complex&operator（int i）const return m

4、_ptri;ComplexPtr&operator+（）m_ptr+;operator+（int）m_ptr+;void main（）Complex c（3,4）;ComplexPtr ptr（c）;coutGetR（）endl;cout（*ptr）.GetR（）endl;ptr=new Complex10;ptr1（5.6）;ptr2=ptr1+c;+ptr;ptr+;Default Arguments（默认参数）五五.3.1.3 Redefining（重定义重定义）name hiding Overriding（重写，覆盖，超载，过载）五五.3.2 Dynamic polymorphism

5、Upcasting（向上类型转换）Virtual Function Incremental development（增量式开发）六.File&Stream 六六.1 Text file cout 123.567 endl;k=123;cout k;cout.fill（$）;cout.precision（8）;cout.width（7）;cout.setf（ios:hex）;cout 23 endl;fstream in（in.txt,ios:in）;fstream out（out.txt,ios:out）;if（!in）return;while（!in.eof（）char ch=in.get（

6、）;out.put（ch）;六六.2 Binary file read write 七.Templates 七七.1 Function templates template T Max（T x,T y）return（xy?x:y）;七七.2 Class templates#include const int STACKSIZE=50;template class Stack T*m_pItem;int m_top;int m_size;Stack（int size=STACKSIZE）m_size=size;m_pItem=new intsize;m_top=-1;void Push（T it

7、em）m_pItem+m_top=item;T Pop（）;template T Stack:Pop（）return m_pItemm_top-;void main（）Stack s（10）;int i;for（i=0;i10;i+）s.Push（i）;i+）cout s.Pop（）endl;八.Exception handling 八八.1 assert 八八.2 return true/false 八八.3 try/catch throw#include class Overflow;class Underflow;const int STACKSIZE=50;void Push（T it

8、em）if（m_top=m_size-1）throw Overflow（）;m_pItem+m_top=item;Pop（）if（m_top 0）throw Underflow（）;return m_pItemm_top-;void main（）Stack s（3）;try for（i=0;catch（Overflow obj）cout Stack Overflow endl;catch（Underflow）cout Stack Underflow endl;global data area stack heap 九.Copy-constructor T（const T&）overloadin

9、g=overloading T（const&T）class String char*p;int l;String（char*s=null）if（s）l=:strlen（s）;p=new charl+1;:strcpy（p,s）else p=null;l=0;String（const String&s）if（s.p）l=:strlen（s.p）;strcpy（p,s.p）else p=null;String（）delete p;String s1（“Hi”）;String s2=s1;一十.Virtual destructors&Pure virtual functions（虚析构函数与纯虚函数

10、）Abstract base classes（抽象基类）class Base int*p;Base（int size）p=new intsize;Base（）delete p;class Derive:public Base char*s;Derive（int size）:Base（size）s=new charsize;Derive（）s=new charsize;Base*pB=new Derive（10）;delete pB;一十一.Run-time type identification （RTTI）typeid（t）.name（）#include class Base ;public

11、 Base ;void main（）Base*bp=new Derive;couttypeid（*bp）.name（）endl;一十二.C+explicit casts dynamic_cast downcasting static_cast upcasting reinterpret_cast const_cast Base b;Derive d;Base*bp;Derive*dp;bp=dynamic_cast（&d）;bp=&b;dp=dynamic_cast（bp）;bp=*d;Derive&dr1=dynamic_cast（*bp）;dr2=dynamic_cast（b）;一十三.H

12、ow C+implements late binding VTABLE VPTR 一十四.Static members class A static int m;int n;A a1,a2;A1.m=7;A*ap=new A;coutmm+=12;coutm”,”;delete apl couta1.m;一十五.Namespace namespace A int m;namespace B int m;void Fb（）m=3;n=4;void Fa（）B:m+=7;m=23;void F（）m=8;A:m=9;B:m=10;一十六.Pointer to class member 一十七.Multiple inheritance class Base1 int i;class Base2 int i;public Base1,public Base2 float f;int getInt（）return i;float getFloat（）return f;