动词时态语态专项教师用.docx

1、动词时态语态专项教师用动词时态语态专项（教师用）动词谓语动词时态、语态虚拟语气非谓语动词不定式动名词分词现在分词过去分词 语态时态主动被动一般现在时v. /v.sam /is /are + Vp.p一般过去时vedwas / were + Vp.p一般将来时will + v.will be + Vp.p过去将来时would + v.would be + Vp.p过去完成时had + Vp.phad been + Vp.p现在完成时have /has + Vp.phave /has been + Vp.p将来完成时will have + Vp.pwill have been + Vp.p现在进行

2、时am /is / are + Vingam /is /are + being + Vp.p过去进行时was /were + Vingwas /were + being + Vp.p最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配一般现在every , sometimes,at , on Sunday现在进行now,现在完成for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently一般过去yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the

3、other day, in 1982, just now过去进行this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening when, while过去完成before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as一般将来next, tomorrow, in过去将来多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的动作各种时态的具体用法：一、一般现在时一般现在时表示经常发生的动作（习惯性的动作）或存在的状态，句中常用always, usually, often,

4、sometimes, seldom, never, every day等时间状语。1. 经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态1. I _ ping-pong quite well, but I havent had time to play since the new year.A .will play B. have played C. played D. play2. -_my glasses ? -Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.A. Do you see B. Had you seen C. would you see D. Have yo

5、u seen 3. We will see to it that every child in the nation _ good education ,especially those in the poor countryside. A. get B. will get C. gets D .would get2. 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实或表示格言或警句。 Knowledge begins with practice. She said that the sea water is salty. In some parts of the world, such as in Englan

6、d , tea _ with milk and sugar.A. is serving B. serves C. is served D. served-The girl _ weight recently. -Yes , she _ too much.A. has gained ,is eating B. gains ,eats C. is gaining, ate D. is gaining ,eats3. 按火车、汽车、飞机等时刻表将要发生的事。此时句中有时有将来的时间状语，但不用将来时。此时主主语是物：车，船，飞机等 The train leaves at three this aft

7、ernoon. 4. 在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。If it is fine tomorrow, we will go to the countryside.-Put these glasses away before they _. -OK. Ill put them in the cupboard. A. have broken B. are breaking C. get broken D. will be brokenIve brought my tennis things along in case we _ time for a game tom

8、orrow. A. shall have B. have C. will have D. are going to have-Can I drive on the free way, Mr. Green? -You can when you _ a bit more skilled. A. will get B. are getting C. will have got D. get5. 用以here，there等开头的倒装句，表示动作正在进行.Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.There goes the bell. = The bell is

9、ringing.Exercises:1. Jim. Youd better go home now. OK! I will go home as soon as I _ my homework.A. will finish B. finishing C. finish D. finishes2. We will climb the hill if it _ tomorrow.A. doesnt rain B. isnt raining C. wont rain D. will rain3. Whats wrong with these noodles? It _ terrible.A. is

10、tasting B. was tasted C. tastes D. tasting4. Have you heard of the story of Holi? It _ like this: there is a bad king whoA. tells B. comes C. goes D. says5. When _ your mother _ to work every day, Mary? Sorry, I really cant remember.A. does; go B. has; gone C. had; gone D. did; go【答案与解析】1. C。2. A。3.

11、 C。4. C。5. A。二、一般过去时一般过去时主要用于表示过去时间，句中常有yesterday, ago, in 1989, once, last week (month, year), at that time, just now 等时间状语。2 一般过去时的用法 1）表示过去某一具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态.1. -Look! Someone has spilt （溢出）coffee on the carpet.（地毯） -Well , it _ me. A. isnt B. wasnt C. hasnt been D. hadnt been2. -Ive bought a box

12、of chocolates for our daughter. -Oh, how good a dad! But she doesnt like sweet things. _ that? A. Dont you know B. Havent you known C. Didnt you know D. Hadnt you known3. -Was Mary in the office when you arrived there? -Yes, but she _soon afterwards. A. had left B. left C. would leave D. will leave2

13、）表示过去某一段时间里反复发生的动作或存在的状态. I often swam in the river When I was a child.3）表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。如：but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.He bought a watch but lost it.Exercises:1. When _ your mother _ back? A

14、bout half an hour ago.A. did；come B. had; come C. do; come D. have; come2. Betty _ to school yesterday because she was ill.A. isnt come B. didnt come C. comes D. doesnt3. _ you _ take a bus to school? Yes. But now I usually go to school on foot.A. Were; used to B. Did; used to C. Do; used to D. Did;

15、 use to4. When _ your mother _ you that blue dress, Mary? Sorry, I really cant remember.A. does; buy B. has; bought C. had; bought D. did; buy5. Who told you to take some cameras? Our teacher _. She said we need to take many photos.A. does B. has C. had D. did【答案与解析】1. A2. B3. D。4. D。5. D。三、一般将来时英语动

16、词表示将来时间有多种形式，其共同特点是句中常有表示见来时间的状语，tomorrow, next week, in a week一般将来时态的结构：shall/will +V原形.1. shall/will +V原形，表示客观上将要发生的动作或事情的必然性. We shall go boating on Sunday. The term will be over. The summer vacation is coming in two weeks.2. shall/will +V原形，表示预料将要发生的动作或情况. As a reporter, I think I will meet lots

17、 of interesting people.3. come、go、start、arrive、leave等短暂性动词，常用现在进行时表示按计划，安排将要发生的动作. When are the Smiths leaving for London?4. 一般将来时的其它表达方法： be going to 常用于表示按照计划或决定要做的事情。还可以表示说话者根据现在的现状或征兆“预测”不久将要发生的事. The play is going to be produced next month. We are going to get to the top of the Eiffel Tower thi

18、s afternoon.【例题】-The telephone is ringing. -I _ answer it.A. will B. am going to C. am to D. am about to【例题】 -Alice, why didnt you come yesterday? -I _, but I had an unexpected visitor. A. had B. would C. was going to D. didbe to do 表示计划中约定的或按职责义务必须去做的事或即将发生的动作，有很强的计划性. The president is to visit Chi

19、na next week. You are to arrive there tomorrow. 你明天必须到达那里. be about to do 表示不久将要发生的动作，一般不与具体的时间状语连用. The plane is about to take off. Be quiet, please. The game is about to start.一般现在时表示将来, 特别用于车、船、飞机等时刻表中安排好的。The plane leaves tomorrow. (尽管有tomorrow, 但没有will ,be going to )Exercises:1. The TV show Hom

20、e with Kids is so wonderful. You shouldnt miss it. If I have time, I _ it.A. see B. saw C. will see D. have seen2. When I grow up, I _ to make my parents live happily.A. try B. tried C. will try D. have tried3. You have left with the lights on in your classroom, Jim. Oh, I am sorry. I _ to turn then

21、 off right now.A. would B. have gone C. will go D. go4. Dont worry. I _ you as soon as I finish my work.A. helpB. will helpC. helpedD. was helping5. Mr. Smith _ us a talk on computer games next Monday.A. give B. gave C. has given D. is going to give【答案与解析】1. C。2. C。3. C。4. B5. D。四、现在进行时进行时表示现在时刻正在进行

22、的动作或表示现阶段正在做的事情，句中常用now, at this moment等时间状语连用。结构：be+Ving.1表示说话时正在进行的动作或持续存在的动作或状态。 Listen！The phone is ringing. Please go to answer it.2表示现阶段一直在进行的动作 ，但说话时不一定正在进行。 We are working in a factory these days.【例题】Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_ so rapidly. A.

23、 will have changed B. has changed C. is changing D. will change【例题】Please call again. Jim _ a bath just now. A. has had B. was having C. is having D. has 【例题】My money _. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out of before Ive none in hand.A. has run out B. is running out C. has been run o

24、ut D. is being run out 【例题】I can guess you were in a hurry. You _ your sweater inside out. A. had worn B. wore C. are wearing D. were wearing注意： 现在进行时可以表示一般将来时，常用于下列动词：go ,come, leave, begin, arrive ,return, fly, drive，take等。 Were moving to the new building next week.现在进行时与always, continually , cons

25、tantly, never 等连用，表示厌恶或赞扬的感情色彩。 You are always forgetting the important things.【例题】 You _things about . Look, what a mess in you room!A. always throw B. have always thrown C. are always throwing D. have always been thrown【例题】You _ television. Why not do something more active? A. always watch B. are

26、always watching C. have always watched D. have always been watching3有些词不用于进行时态：表示“存在、所有、知觉、认应付，感情”等状态存在： keep ,stay , remain , be, consist of , contain所有： have ,belong to , possess, own , hold 知觉： sound(听起来)， look /seem /appear (看起来)， (看起来), smell（闻起来）, taste（尝起来）,feel (摸起来) ， see , hear , 认识： under

27、stand, know, suppose, remember, admit, forget, believe, think情感：like, love, hate , prefer, Exercises:1. listen! Who _ the piano in our classroom? I think it must be our music teacher.A. plays B. is playing C. is play D. played2. Many children like eating some snacks while they _ interesting cartoons

28、 on TV.A. watching B. are watching C. watch D. is watch3. Hello! Is that John speaking? Sorry. This is Henry. John _ supper.A. is cooking B. cooked C. cooks D. cooking4. Keep quiet, please. Your father _ in the bedroom. OK, Mum.A. sleep B. sleeping C. is sleeping D. sleeps5. Do you often hear your m

29、other _ in your room? Yes. Listen! She _ in her bedroom now.A. singing; singing B. is singing; singing C. sing; is singing D. sing; sings【答案与解析】1. B。2B3. A。4. C。5. C。五、过去进行时态结构：was/were +Ved.1表示过去某一时间正进行的动作。通常有时间状语（从句），或由上下文表示。【例题】-Hey ,look where you are going? -Oh, Im terribly sorry. _. A. Im not noticing B. I dont noticing C. I havent noticing D. I wasnt noticing 【例题】-Hey ,what did I say? -I _. A. Im not listening B. I was not list