初二苏教版英语知识点总汇文档格式.docx

1、倒立、缩小的实像fv2f照相机u=2f倒立、等大的实像v=2ffu2f倒立、放大的实像v2f投影仪、幻灯机、电影u=f不成像0uf正立、放大的虚像vu放大镜凹透镜始终成缩小、正立的虚像；眼睛的晶状体相当于凸透镜，视网膜相当于光屏（胶卷）；近视眼看不清远处的物体，远处的物体所成像在视网膜前面，晶状体太厚，需戴凹透镜矫正；远视眼看不清近处的物体，近处的物体所成像在视网膜后面，晶状体太薄，需戴凸透镜矫正； 显微镜由目镜和物镜组成，物镜、目镜都是凸透镜，它们使物体两次放大；望远镜由目镜和物镜组成，物镜使物体成缩小、倒立的实像，目镜相当于放大镜，成放大的像；Unit One 1. How often d

2、o you exercise ? How often + 助动词do（does或did） + 主语 + do sth. ? 疑问词how often是问频率（多经常）, 在这里助动词do（does或did） 是起帮助构成疑问的作用 Every day / Once a week / Twice a month / Three times a month / Three or four times a month . 2. What do you usually do on weekends ? 第一个do 为助动词, 在这起帮助构成疑问的作用；而第二个 do 则是实义动词。 I usually

3、 play soccer . 3. Whats your favorite program ? Its Animal World . 4. What do students do at Green High School ?5. As for homework , most students do homework every day . as for.意思是“至于；关于”，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式（即动名词）。如： As for him，I never want to see him here. 至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。 As for the story

4、，youd better not believe it. 关于那故事，你最好不要相信。6. The results for “ watch TV ” are interesting . 7. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . want to do sth.意思是“想要做某事”；want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。 Do you want to go to the movies with me？你想和我一起去看电影吗？ The teacher doesnt want us to e

5、at hamburgers.老师不想让我们吃汉堡包。8. She says its good for my health . be good for.表示“对有益（有好处）”。其反义为：be bad for.。（这里for 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词）如： Its good for us to do more reading. 多读书对我们有好处。 Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。9. How many hours do you sleep every night ?10. I exercise every day , us

6、ually when I come home from school . 11. My eating habits are pretty good . 这里pretty相当于very 。12. I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week . try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思 / try doing sth. 表示“ （用某一办法）试着去做某事”。 如:Youd better try doing the experiment in another way. 你

7、最好试试用另一种方法做这个试验。13. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades . help sb.（to） do sth.帮助某人做某事 14. Good food and exercise help me to study better . help sb. （to） do sth.帮助某人做某事 / 这里better是well的比较级，而不是good的比较级 15. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different ? Is her lifestyle the same as your li

8、festyle or is her lifestyle different from your lifestyle ? be the same as / be different from 16. I think Im kind of unhealthy . kind of = a little / a kind of 意思是“一种” 17. What sports do you play ?18. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health . keep in good health = keep healthy = stay he

9、althy 19. You must try to eat less meat . try to do sth. 表示“ 尽力做某事 ” , 不包含是否成功的意思 / less是little的比较级 20. That sounds interesting. 这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象），grow（变得） , get（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。 It tastes good. 这味道好。 The music sounds very sweet

10、. 这音乐听起来很入耳。 The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。Unit Two 1. Whats the matter ? Whats the mater with you ? with为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词。人称代词必须用它的宾格。 I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache 2. You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor . 3. I

11、m not felling well . 这里well表示身体状况，不能用good代替 4. When did it start ? About two days ago . 5. Thats too bad . 6. I hope you fell better soon . 这里better是well的比较级 7. Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy . 这里 to be healthy是动词不定式短语，作目的状语 8. Maybe you have too

12、much yin . too much后跟不可数名词，而too many后跟可数名词复数 9. Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and its important to eat a balanced diet . Its easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / Its important to do sth . 做某事重要 10. Everyone gets tired sometimes . 这里get连系动词，tired是形容词作表语，属系表结构 11. A sore throat can give you a fever . give

13、 sb. sth . = give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 12. Dont get stressed out. Its not healthy . 在这里get是连系动词，stressed out是表语 13. I have a toothache . I need to see a dentist . need意思为 “需要” ，作实义动词时，后跟动词不定式，否定式为dont /doesnt / didnt need （to do sth.） ；作情态动词时，只能用于否定句或疑问句中，否定式为neednt（do sth.） ，除有过去式外，没有其它的形态变化 14. Eat

14、a balanced diet to stay healthy . to stay healthy是动词不定式短语，作目的状语15. Im not feeling very well at the moment . at the moment = now Unit Three 1. What are you doing for vacation ? Im babysitting my sister . Where are you going for vacation ? Italy . 这是现在进行时的一种比较特殊的用法，用来表示按计划或安排要做的事情，现在还没有去做。2. Who are y

15、ou going with ? Im going with my parents . with my parents是介词短语，在这里作伴随状语，起修饰谓语动词are going的作用 3. When are you going ? Im going on Monday . 4. What are you doing there ? Im going hiking in the mountains . 5. How long are you staying ? Just for four days . I dont like going away for too long .疑问词hwo lo

16、ng是对时间长短或事物的长度提问，在这里是对时间的长短进行提问。6. Have a good time . = Enjoy oneself . 玩得开心、愉快 7. Show me your photos when we get back to school . show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 把某给某人看 8. Im going to Hawaii for vacation . for vacation是介词短语，在这里作目的状语，起修饰谓语动词的作用 9. Whats it like there ? 这里like是介词，而不是动词 10. Can I as

17、k you some questions about your vacation plans ? ask sb. sth . 问某人某事 11. Ben Lambert , the famous French singer , is taking a long vacation this summer ! take a vacation 度假 12. He thought about going to Greece or Spain , but decided on Canada . think about 考虑 / decide on 决定 这里的about和on都是介词 13. “ I a

18、lways take vacation in Europe ,” he said . “ This time I want to do something different .” （1）. want to do sth. （2）. 修饰不定代词（something , nothing , anything等）的定语常放在不定代词的后面 14. He plans to have a very relaxing vacation . plan to do sth. 计划做某事 15. Im planning to spend time in the beautiful countryside .

19、 16. I just finished making my last movies . finish doing sth. 完成做某事 17. I hear that Thailand is a good place to go sightseeing . to go sightseeing是动词不定式短语，作a good place的后置定语 18. Shes leaving for Hong Kong on Tuesday . leave A for B 离开A地去B地 19. I want to ask you about places to visit China . to visi

20、t China是动词不定式短语，作places的后置定语 20. Im planning my vacation to Italy this weekend . to Italy是动词不定式短语，作my vacation的后置定语 21. What should tourists take with them ? with them是介词短语，在这里作伴随状语，起修饰谓语动词take的作用 22. Where are you leaving from ? leave from 离开某地（注：from是介词） Unit Four 1. How do you get to school ? 疑问词

21、how 在这里是对方式进行提问 I ride my bike / walk / take the subway . By bike / bicycle / bus / train / subway / taxi / air / plane / ship / boat . On foot . How do I get there ? 因there是副词,所以不能说get to there Dont worry . Let me look at your map . Ok , first , next . Then . 2. How long does it take ? 疑问词hwo long是

22、对时间长短或事物的长度提问 It takes about 25 minutes to walk and 10 minutes by bus . How long does t take you to get from home to school ? It takes twenty-five minutes . take sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人时间做某事 3. Lin Feis home is about Kilometers from school . 4. How far is it from your home to school ? Its thre

23、e miles . How far do you live from school ? I live 10 miles from school . 疑问词how far在这里是对距离进行提问 5. In other parts of the world , things are different . 6. In China , it depends on where you are . depend on 视而定；决定于 7. That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus . 8. In North America , not all stude

24、nts take the bus to school . not all是部分否定，意思是并不是所有的；不是全部的 9. Other parts of the world are different from the United States . 10. A small number of students take the subway . a number of = many 许多 11. What do you think of the transportation in your town ? think of 对有某种看法 12. When it rains I take a ta

25、xi . 13. I have a map but in Chinese . 14. If you have a problem , you can ask a policeman . Unit Five 1. Can you come to my party ? Sure , Id love（like） to . / Im sorry , I cant . I have to help my parents . Can you play tennis with me ? 情态动词can在这里起征求对方意见的作用。2. I have too much homework this weekend

26、 . too much后跟不可数名词；too many后跟可数名词复数 3. Thats too bad . 4. Maybe another time . 5. Thanks for asking . for介词，后跟名词，代词或动名词 6. Come and have fun . / Come and join us . 7. On Wednesday , Im playing tennis with the school team . 8. I have to study for my science test on Thursday . have to强调客观原因；而must强调主观原

27、因 9. Please keep quiet ! Im trying to study . try to do sth. 表示“ 尽力做某事 ” , 不包含是否成功的意思 10. Do you want to come to my birthday party ? want to do sth.意思是“想要做某事” 11. Li Lei is going fishing with grandpa the whole day . the whole day = all day 整天 12. Can you come over to my house ?13. Im free till 22:00

28、 . Unit Six 1. Im more outgoing than my sister . 主语 + 动词 + 形容词比较级别 + than + 比较对象 2. As you can see , in some ways we look the same , and in some ways we look different . 3. However , we both enjoy going to parties . enjoy doing sth. = like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 4. Liu Li has more than one sister . more t

29、han 不止 5. Liu Li and Liu Ying have some things in common . in common （团体）共同的；公有的 6. Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister . as as 和一样 （其中asas之间的形容词必须用原级）；它的否定式是：not as（so） as 7. Liu Ying talks more than Liu Li . 这里more是much的比较级，而不是many的比较级 8. Both girls go to lots of parties . lots of = a

30、lot of 许多 9. My friend is the same as me . be the same as 与一样 / be different from 与不同 10. I think a good friend makes me laugh . make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 11. For me , a good friend likes to do the same things as me . like to do sth. 12. Thats not very important for me . 13. Whats your opinion ?14. Should friends be different or the same ? same前常有定冠词the 15. I like to have friends who are like me . / I like to have friends who are different from me . like to do sth.中的like 是动词,意思是“ 喜欢 ”；而are like me 中的like 是介词，意思是“ 像 ”。要注意区别like的词性。16. Im quieter than most of the k