新视野第三册16单元深度阅读.docx

1、新视野第三册16单元深度阅读The Sleep EnvironmentDoes that drip, drip, drip of the faucet keep you up at night? Do you need to keep your fan running because white noise helps you sleep? Have you ever tossed and turned because you were too hot, or too cold? What about the barking dog or cat that jumps onto your be

2、d have they ever disrupted your sleep? Most of us recognize that the sleep environment can greatly affect how (and if) we sleep, but are you doing everything you can to make your bedroom a sleep haven? Learn about the dos and donts of the sleep environment and then get tips for making your bedroom m

3、ore sleep-friendly. Noise Noises at levels as low as 40 decibels or as high as 70 decibels generally keep us awake. That means that a dripping faucet can steal your sleep, as well as the next door neighbors blaring stereo. But the absence or presence of a familiar noise can have as great an impact o

4、n your sleep as out-of-the-ordinary noises studies show that sirens and traffic noise from a city street can actually become soothing to longtime city sleepers just as the absence of the tick, tick, tick of your favorite clock while you try to sleep at a hotel can become a sleep stealer.What to do:

5、Try to block out unwanted sounds with earplugs or use white noise such as a fan or an air conditioner. Take your favorite clock with you when you travel in order to recreate familiar sounds that help you sleep (as long as they wont keep your neighbors awake!)Temperature In most cases, temperatures a

6、bove 75 degrees Fahrenheit and below 54 degrees will disrupt sleep, but even sleep researchers fail to agree on the ideal temperature for sleep. The point at which sleep is interrupted due to temperature or climate conditions varies from person to person and can be affected by bed clothes and beddin

7、g materials selected by the sleeper. In general, most sleep scientists believe that a slightly cool room contributes to good sleep. Thats because it mimics what occurs inside the body when the bodys internal temperature drops during the night to its lowest level. (For good sleepers, this occurs abou

8、t four hours after they begin sleeping.)What to do: In general, sleep scientists recommend keeping your room slightly cool but achieving the ideal temperature isnt always simple. What do you do if you and your partner disagree about room temperature? Turning the thermostat down at night in cold weat

9、her saves on fuel bills and sets the stage for sleep. Blankets, comforters or electric blankets can lock in heat without feeling too heavy or confining. Or the heat-seeking partner might dress in warmer bedclothes while the warmer partner might opt not to wear sleep clothes or bed covering. In summe

10、r, a room thats too hot can also be disruptive. In fact, research suggests that a hot sleeping environment leads to more wake time and lighter sleep at night, while awakenings multiply. An air conditioner or fan can help, and a humidifier can provide relief if youre suffering from a sore throat or d

11、ryness in your nose.Light Much of our sleep patterns feeling sleepy at night and awake during the day are regulated by light and darkness. Light strong light, like bright outdoor light is the most powerful regulator of our biological clock. The biological clock influences when we feel sleepy and whe

12、n we feel alert. As a result, finding the balance of light and darkness exposure is important. Bright light helps to keep you awake during the day, but during sleep, bright lights can be disturbing.What to do: Make sure to expose yourself to enough bright light during the day. Find time for sunlight

13、, or purchase a lightbox or light visor to supplement your exposure to light. At bedtime, think dark: a dark bedroom contributes to better sleep. Try light-blocking curtains, drapes or an eye mask. If you find yourself waking earlier than youd like, try increasing your exposure to bright light in th

14、e evening. It may delay sleep onset but as little as one to two hours of evening bright light exposure may help you sleep longer in the morning. Also, make sure to avoid light if you wake up in the middle of the night to go to the bathroom. Minimize light by using a low illumination night light.Slee

15、ping Surface For the most part, we know people sleep better when horizontal and not cramped by space. Not much research has been done to understand the sleeping surface, but it is clear that it plays a role in getting a good nights sleep. For example, tossing and turning on a lumpy 20-year-old mattr

16、ess that doesnt provide support for your back or neck can impede you from getting the sleep you need and make you very sleepy the next day. Mattress experts say that too often consumers believe that ultra-firm mattresses are good for them, but research on patients with back pain found this was not t

17、rue and a more supple, comforting mattress may lead to better sleep.Also, know your pillow: research shows that pillows house thousands of fungal spores which can trigger allergies and compromise a weakened immune system. The research shows that synthetic pillows held a greater amount of bacteria th

18、an feather pillows. So, not only can a pillow affect your posture and quality of sleep, but it can also affect your allergies or asthma and make it very difficult to get a good nights rest. What to do: Give yourself enough space to sleep. If you share a bed with a partner, make sure it is large enou

19、gh to give both of you room to move around. Replace an old mattress with a new one, and choose a pillow and mattress that fits you best (soft, firm, thick, thin?) and will be comfortable throughout the whole night. Consumer Reports recently found that consumers who spent 15 minutes or more testing e

20、ach mattress at the store were more likely to be happy with their purchase. Also, consider encasing your pillow in a plastic cover under your pillowcase to keep dust-mites from interfering with your sleep and allergy or asthma symptoms. Read the passage quickly and answer the questions. For Question

21、s 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For Questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information

22、given in the passage. 1. Contrary to common belief, the sleep environment does not really influence peoples sleep quality. Y N NG 2. Familiar noise like the tick sound of your favorite clock is a common factor that prevents you from sleep. Y N NG 3. Sleep researchers have not agreed on an ideal temp

23、erature for sleep. Y N NG 4. Studies have found that a slightly cool room is favorable for sleep. Y N NG 5. Light is the most powerful regulator of our sleep patterns. Y N NG 6. Bed partners with sleep disorders can negatively impact your sleep. Y N NG 7. A lot of research has been done to understan

24、d how sleeping surface impacts sleep. Y N NG 8. One way to sleep longer in the morning is to _ in the evening. 9. Research has found that pillows containing fungal pores may weaken your _. 10. If you spend some time testing mattress before buying it, you would be likely to _. Boys with Eating Disord

25、ersNo one knows what Tony does at lunchtime. His friends all gather at the dining hall where they share stories and eat. They talk about their lives and the things they have seen in movies or read in books. But Tony doesnt care about these things, and he doesnt join them. In fact, there is only one

26、thing on Tonys mindbuilding the perfect body. And while his friends are chatting away, Tony is in the gym by himself, lifting weights. Now, he is able to lift more than ever. He has also measured his arms and legs and weighed himself. He knows he is in the best shape of his life. But its not enough.

27、Introductiona real problem People say that women and girls are the ones who have body size issues, the ones who develop eating disorders, and the ones affected most by the media pressure. It is true that women and girls are affected more, but the same issues also affect men and boys. Experts believe

28、 the number of boys affected is increasing and that many cases may not be reported, since males are reluctant to acknowledge any illness mostly associated with females. Where it comes from There is more and more media pressure for men and boys to take on the look of the well-muscled athletes and act

29、ors. Males are becoming uncomfortable about their physical appearance and self-image. Sports, health, and fitness magazines focus on the importance of having muscles and the methods to obtain those perfect sports bodies. Boys tend to do a great deal of weight training and, if they do not see immedia

30、te results, they often turn to using steroids (类固醇) and vitamins that advertise unbelievable muscle gain. The average boy cannot come near meeting the impossible “standard” of the medias male body perfection. They are not going to be Arnold Schwarzenegger or some other action star, or have the well-

31、muscled body of athletes. The most popular magazines carry images of women and men on the covers that represent about 3 percent of the population. Obviously, that leaves 97 percent who cannot measure up to that level of a desired body image. Magazines, especially those aimed at men and boys, spread

32、the “body building” message around. Advertisements promote weight lifting, body building or muscle toning. The V-shaped body with great muscles is emphasized as the ideal. The need to make weight for a sport like boxing can cause eating disorders. The demand for pills (药片) that give energy and decrease a persons desire to eat is high among those needing to make weight. Weight training, sports, and conversation with friends can lead boys to abnormal eating habits, which can lead to eating disorders. Even the toys