Linux Raid安装过程详解文档格式.docx

1、 extended p primary partition （1-4）pPartition number （1-4）: 1First cylinder （1-391, default 1）:Using default value 1Last cylinder, +cylinders or +sizeK,M,G （1-391, default 391）: +200MValue out of range. 2First cylinder （27-391, default 27）:Using default value 27Last cylinder, +cylinders or +sizeK,M,

2、G （27-391, default 391）: 3First cylinder （53-391, default 53）:Using default value 53Last cylinder, +cylinders or +sizeK,M,G （53-391, default 391）:eSelected partition 4First cylinder （79-391, default 79）:Using default value 79Last cylinder, +cylinders or +sizeK,M,G （79-391, default 391）:Using default

3、 value 391 p255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size （logical/physical）: 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size （minimum/optimal）:Disk identifier: 0x7429a3f1 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdb1 26 208813+ 83 /dev/sdb2 27 52 208845 /dev/

4、sdb3 53 78 /dev/sdb4 79 391 2514172+ 5 Extended至此已经分好了三个主分区与一个扩展分区sdb14 其中计划使用sdb1与sdb2作为raid分区所以要将raid1与raid2的标识更改为raid标识 tPartition number （1-5）:l显示所有的标识对应的含义，raid磁盘对应的标识为fdHex code （type L to list codes）: l0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris 1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DR

5、DOS/sec （FAT-2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic Linux c4 3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C:c6 4 FAT16 32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx 5 Extended 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data 6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Li

6、nux plaintext de Dell Utility 8 AIX 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt 9 AIX bootable 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access a OS/2 Boot Manag 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O b W95 FAT32 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor c W95 FAT32 （LBA） 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS

7、fs e W95 FAT16 （LBA） 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee GPT f W95 Extd （LBA） 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI （FAT-12/16/10 OPUS 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b11 Hidden FAT12 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 12 Compaq diagnost 61 a9 NetBSD f4 14 Hidden FAT16 3 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2

8、 DOS secondary 16 Hidden FAT16 Novell Netware af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS 17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 65 b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE18 AST SmartSleep 70 DiskSecure Mult b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto1b Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep 1c Hidden W95 FAT3 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot f

9、f BBT 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 fdChanged system type of partition 1 to fd （Linux raid autodetect）Changed system type of partition 2 to fd （Linux raid autodetect）fd Linux raid autodetect更改好标识后，输入w按回车保存并退出 wThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl（） to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.再次查看当前系

10、统分区，发现sdb由原先的未使用状态变成了4个分区现在开始创建raid磁盘组，使用mdadm命令 -C指定raid名称 -l指定raid级别，这里以raid1为例 -n指定设备的数量，这里有两个设备，sdb1与sdb2rootlocalhost # mdadm -C /dev/md0 -l 1 -n 2 /de/sdb1/ /dev/sdb2mdadm: cannot open /dev/sdb1: Device or resource busy报错信息显示资源使用中无法访问查看md0信息发现此时已有一个md0的设备在使用sd1与sd2分区，是由于上次安装raid卸载不完全造成的rootloc

11、alhost #mdadm -detail /dev/md0/dev/md0:Version : 1.2Creation Time : Sat Nov 10 01:05:44 2012 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 208801 （203.94 MiB 213.81 MB）Used Dev Size : Raid Devices :Total Devices :Persistence : Superblock is persistentUpdate Time :46 2012State : cleanActive Devices :Working Device

12、s :Failed Devices : 0Spare Devices : Name : localhost.localdomain:（local to host localhost.localdomain） UUID : 5984d686:d1f3ed71:55d427f3:4803a8ce Events : 17Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 17 active sync /dev/sdb1 18 /dev/sdb2找到问题后，使用mdadm -S命令终止md0占用sd1与sd2rootlocalhost # mdadm -S /dev/md0

13、 stopped /dev/md0再次查看md0信息，确认终止成功rootlocalhost # mdadm -detail /dev/md0 cannot open /dev/md0: No such file or directory重复之前创建raid的命令 /dev/sdb1 appears to contain an ext2fs file systemsize=208812K mtime=Thu Jan 1 08:00:00 1970 /dev/sdb1 appears to be part of a raid array:level=raid1 devices=2 ctime=S

14、at Nov 10 01: Note: this array has metadata at the start andmay not be suitable as a boot device. If you plan tostore /boot on this device please ensure thatyour boot-loader understands md/v1.x metadata, or use-metadata=0.90 /dev/sdb2 appears to contain an ext2fs file systemsize=208844K /dev/sdb2 ap

15、pears to be part of a raid array:Continue creating array? y 这里输入y 回车 Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata array /dev/md0 started.进入/dev目录下，ls 发现新增了一个md0设备，该设备即为之前刚刚创建的raid设备rootlocalhost dev# ls m*0m40;33;01mmcelog0m 40;01mmd00m 01mmem0m 01mmidi0mmapper:01mcontrol0m 01;36mVolGroup-lv_root0m 36mVolGrou

16、p-lv_swap0mmd:md-device-map创建好raid后给raid设备进行ext4格式格式化rootlocalhost dev# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0mke2fs 1.41.12 （17-May-2010）Filesystem label=OS type: LinuxBlock size=1024 （log=0）Fragment size=1024 （log=0）Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks52208 inodes, 208800 blocks10440 blocks （5.00%） reserved for the

17、 super userFirst data block=1Maximum filesystem blocks=6737100826 block groups8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group2008 inodes per groupSuperblock backups stored on blocks:8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801Writing inode tables:0/26 1/26 2/26 3/26 4/26 5/26 6/26 7/26 8/26 9/2610/2611/

18、2612/2613/2614/2615/2616/2617/2618/2619/2620/2621/2622/2623/2624/2625/26done Creating journal （4096 blocks）: doneWriting superblocks and filesystem accounting information:This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.格式化完成之后，进入空目录/mnt/，找到已经创建好的空目录raid/准备将其作为md0设备的mount点rootlocalhost dev# cd /mnt/rootlocalhost mnt# ls0m01;34mhgfs0m 34mraid0mrootlocalhost mnt# cd raid/rootlocalhost raid# ls挂载raid设备md0到/mnt/raid空目录下rootlocalhost raid# mount /dev/md0 /mnt/raid/查看当前系统分区与挂载点 显示挂载成功rootlocalhost raid# dfFilesyste