1、mkdir -p /home/oracle/oracle11g/product/db0mkdir -p /home/oracle/oracle11g/oraInventorymkdir -p /home/oracle/oracle11g/oradatachown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/oracle11gchmod -R 755 /home/oracle/oracle11g(配置权限)3,配置主机名vi /etc/hosts127.0.0.1 localhost onlinebooking localhost.localdomain localhost4
2、 localhost4.localdomain4:1 localhost onlinebooking localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6注:如果修改过主机名,需要在此配置文件下补充正确的主机名。hostname显示为本机主机名4,配置操作系统内核参数(根据服务器参数配置,一般不需要修改)vi /etc/sysctl.confkernel.shmall = 4294967296 kernel.shmmax = 68719476736 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000
3、 100 128 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586sysctl p(使配置内核参数立刻生效)5,配置权限文件vi /etc/security/limits.conforacle soft nproc 16384 oracl
4、e hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 65536 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 102406,配置登录文件vi /etc/pam.d/loginsession required /lib64/security/pam_limits.sosession required pam_limits.so7,配置个性化配置su oraclevi /.bashrc# .bashrc# Source global definitionsif -f /etc/bashrc ; then. /etc/bashrcfiO
5、RACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/oracle11g/ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/db0ORACLE_SID=orclPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATHORACLE_OWNER=oracleNLS_LANG=American_America.AL32UTF8export ORACLE_UNQNAME=$ORACLE_SIDexport ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH ORACLE_OWNR NLS_LANG# User specific aliases and functio
6、nsSource三、 进行安装1, 解压安装包unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zipunzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip2,复制响应文件模板mkdir etccp /home/oracle/database/response/* /home/oracle/etc/3设置响应文件权限su - rootchmod 700 /home/oracle/etc/*.rsp4,静默安装Oracle软件su - oracle5,修改安装Oracle软件的响应文件/home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp6,
7、修改配置模板oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY /29 行 安装类型ORACLE_HOSTNAME=java-linux-test /37 行 主机名称UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall /42 行 安装组INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory /47 行 INVENTORY目录SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW /78 行 选择语言ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 /83 行 oracl
8、e_homeORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle /88 行 oracle_baseoracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE /99 行 oracle版本oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true /108行 自定义安装oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba /142行 dba用户组oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall /147行 oper用户组oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOS
9、E /160行数据库类型oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl /165行 globalDBNameoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl /170行 SIDoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512 /192行 自动管理内存的最小内存(M)oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle /233行 设定所有数据库用户使用同一个密码DECLINE_SECURITY
10、_UPDATES=true /385行 设置安全更新7,进行静默安装Oracle软件cd database./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp安装中,如果提示WARNING不必理会,此时安装程序仍在进行,如果出现FATAL,则安装程序已经停止了。查看安装日志信息了解安装进度cd $ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory/logstail -100f installActions*.log出现类似如下提示表示安装完成:#-./u01/app/oracle/product/1
11、1.2.0/db_1/root.shTo execute the configuration scripts:1. Open a terminal window2. Log in as root3. Run the scripts4. Return to this window and hit Enter key to continueSuccessfully Setup Software.使用root用户执行root.shsu rootvi /.bash_profile8,在最后加上以下内容,(可选)export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0
12、/db_1export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/adminexport PATH=.:$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/binexport PATH=$PATH:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/binexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/libexport CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/
13、JRE$ORACLE_HOME/JRE/lib$ORACLE_HOME/jlib$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlibexport LIBPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/ctx/libexport ORACLE_OWNER=oracleexport SPFILE_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/dbsexport ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data9,使设置生效source /home/oracle/.bash_profile10,静默配置监听(
14、注意变量)通过response文件运行netca, 生成sqlnet.ora和listener.ora文件, 位于$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin目录下:# su - oracle$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responsefile $DISTRIB/response/netca.rsp$ ll $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/*.ora$ lsnrctl status执行完后, 监听就已经启动了, 默认端口是1521, 默认是动态监听, 只要实例启动了就会监听到. 11,静默建库生成响应文件模板:vi $DIS
15、TRIB/db_create.rsp#-#以下参数不要更改GENERALRESPONSEFILE_VERSION = 11.2.0OPERATION_TYPE = createDatabase#以下参数必须设置CREATEDATABASEGDBNAME = ORCL.LKTEMPLATENAME = General_Purpose.dbc#以下参数不设置则使用默认值,建议设置CHARACTERSET = ZHS16GBKTOTALMEMORY = 102412,dbca静默建库, 大概3-4分钟种子数据库和控制文件位于$ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/templates
16、/下, 即Seed_Database.dfb和Seed_Database.ctl文件, 实际上建库就是基于通过rman恢复种子数据库和控制文件来实现的.ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent-responseFile $DISTRIB/db_create.rspEnter SYS user password: Enter SYSTEM user password:输入system用户密码Copying database files37% completeCreating and starting Oracle instance62% completeCompleting Da
17、tabase Creation100% completeLook at the log file /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCL/ORCL.log for further details.各参数含义如下:-silent表示以静默方式安装-responseFile表示使用哪个响应文件,必需使用绝对路径RESPONSEFILE_VERSION 响应文件模板的版本,该参数不要更改OPERATION_TYPE 安装类型,该参数不要更改GDBNAME 全局数据库名,点号前面默认是db_name,点号后面默认就是db_domainTEMPLATENAME 建库模
18、板名,参考各模板定义:$ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/templates/*.dbcCHARACTERSET 字符集,默认是WE8MSWIN1252TOTALMEMORY 实例内存,默认是服务器物理内存的40%安装期间查看日志信息了解进度:$ tail -100f $ORACLE_BASE/cfgtoollogs/dbca/$ORACLE_SID/$ORACLE_SID.log四、检查数据库安装情况1,建库后实例检查ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep | wc -lps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep附:O
19、RACLE启动及关闭启动数据库实例,分为两步:第一步,启动监听;第二步,启动数据库实例。一、如何启动数据库实例 1.进入到sqlplus启动实例oracleredhat $ su - oracle -“切换到oracle用户”Password:oracleredhat $ lsnrctl start -“打开监听”LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2009 19:06:40Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Starting /home
20、/oracle/product/10g/bin/tnslsnr: please wait.TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - ProductionSystem parameter file is /home/oracle/product/10g/network/adminstener.oraLog messages written to /home/oracle/product/10g/network/logstener.logListening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC
21、2) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522)Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC2)STATUS of the LISTENER-Alias LISTENERVersion TNSLSNR for Linux:Start Date 14-OCT-2009 19:Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationS
22、NMP OFFListener Parameter File /home/oracle/product/10g/network/adminstener.oraListener Log File /home/oracle/product/10g/network/logstener.logListening Endpoints Summary.Services Summary.Service PLSExtProc has 1 instance(s). Instance , status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service.The command c
23、ompleted successfullyoracleredhat $ sqlplus log -“进入到sqlplus”SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Oct 14 19:45 2009Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.SQL conn /as sysdba -“连接到sysdba”Connected to an idle instance. startup -“启动数据库实例”ORACLE instance started.Total System G
24、lobal Area 285212672 bytesFixed Size 1218968 bytesVariable Size 88082024 bytesDatabase Buffers 188743680 bytesRedo Buffers 7168000 bytesDatabase mounted.Database opened. shutdown immediate -“关闭数据库实例”Database closed.Database dismounted.ORACLE instance shut down. exitDisconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining optionsoracleredhat $ lsnrctl stop -“关闭监听”08:06 2.用dbstart和dbshut启动和关闭数据库实例先启动监听 lsnrctl start启动实例 dbstart使用dbstart命令启动数据库比较方便,但是在linux上安装好oracle之后,第一次使用dbstart命令可能会报如下错误:ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is
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