初一下句型转换和综合训练和阅读技巧.docx

1、初一下句型转换和综合训练和阅读技巧个 性 化 辅 导 教 案授课时间：备课时间：年级：初一 课时：2小时课题：句型转换和综合训练学员姓名： 教研老师： 教学目标1、 熟悉英语句型转换的几种转换模式2、 掌握英语句型转换的方法和技巧3、 掌握阅读技巧4、 掌握Unit One重难点词汇难点重点句型转换的方法和技巧阅读技巧Unit One重难点词汇的掌握 教学内容句型转换的模式第一类 改成否定句英语中有关否定的结构各不相同，除动词部分构成的否定外，还有名词、代词的否定、部分否定、否定转移、以及一些表示否定意义的短语或句型等。一、含有连系动词、情态动词等助动词的句子改为否定句时，在连系动词、情态动词

2、等的后面加not就行了。 1. He was late for school yesterday. He wasnt late for school yesterday. 2. The students of No.2 Middle School have gone for a picnic already. The students of No.2 Middle School havent gone for a picnic yet. 二、祈使句变否定句一般在其前加dont。如： 3. Open the window. Dont open the window. 三、实义动词的否定式是在实义

3、动词前加dont, doesnt, didnt等。如： 4. She does the housework every day. She doesnt do the housework every day. 5. He returned the book to the library this morning. He didnt return the book to the library this morning.注意：变否定句时须注意某些词语的变化，如some改为any, something改为anything, already改为yet, both改为neither, all改为none

4、等。又如： 6. Both of them are my best friends. Neither of them is my best friend.第二类 改为疑问句可分为一般疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。 一、变一般疑问句时，含有连系动词、情态动词的句子，只需将它们移至句首，第一个字母变为大写，句尾改为问号即可。含有实义动词的句子，在实义动词前加do, does, did等。变化过程中也要注意某些词语和人称的变化。如： 7. Theres something to eat in the cupboard. Is there anything to eat in the cupboar

5、d？ 8. Kate does morning exercises every day. Does Kate do morning exercises every day？ 9. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday. Did Ann return the book to the library yesterday？ 二、变选择疑问句时，如果该句是一般疑问句，则在后面直接加“or另一选择部分”就行了；若是陈述句，则要先变成一般疑问句。如： 10. John is an American. （用a Canadian改为选择疑问句）Is Jo

6、hn an American or a Canadian？ 三、变反意疑问句时，要注意“前肯后否”和“前否后肯”，还要注意一些特殊形式的反意疑问句。如： 11. She has hardly had anything this morning, has she？12. You will meet your friends at the railway station, wont you？13. She had nothing for breakfast, did she？ 14. There was no time for the twins to go shopping, was there

7、？ 第三类 单数句与复数句之间的互变转化时，名词和动词的人称和数，人称代词、物主代词、指示代词的人称和数都要作相应的变化。如：15. That is my book. Those are our books. 16. She is his student. They are their students. 第四类 变感叹句 将陈述句变成感叹句，要分以下几步： 第一步：在陈述句的谓语动词后将句子划断。如：The boxes arevery heavy. 第二步：斜线后的形容词、副词的修饰语要去掉，如上句去掉very。 第三步：若斜线后部分的中心词是形容词、副词，则在斜线后部分的前面加how。如果

8、中心词是名词，就加what。 第四步：将陈述句句首的大写改为小写，将感叹句句首改为大写。 第五步：将陈述句句末的句号改为感叹号。于是上句应改为：How heavy the boxes are！又如：17. They are happy to see each other. How happy they are to see each other！ 第五类 同义转换 指用不同的词汇、短语、句型表示相同或相近的意思。它主要有以下几种变化： 一、用同义词（词组）、近义词（词组）替换句中的某一部分。如： 18. Lin Tao is good at physics. Lin Tao does well

9、 in physics. 19. It took him two hours to play with computers last night. He spent two hours playing with computers last night. 二、用反义词 （词组） 或句型改写。如： 20. I think art is less important than maths. I dont think art is more important than maths. 21. The runner fell behind the others though he did what h

10、e could. The runner failed to keep up with the others though he tried his best. 三、简单句和并列句与复合句等句式间的转换。如： 22. My father isnt a history teacher. My mother isnt a history teacher, either. Neither my father nor my mother is a history teacher. 23. Jim cant decide what he should do next. Jim cant decide wh

11、at to do next. 24. David was so careless that he didnt find the mistakes in his test paper. David was too careless to find the mistakes in his text paper.第六类 对划线部分提问 实际上就是把陈述句变为特殊疑问句。对不同的部分提问要用不同的疑问词。 一、对主语提问：只需选择一个恰当的疑问词代替划线部分，句子的语序不变，指人用who, 指物用what或which。如：25. Mr. Green teaches them English. Who

12、teaches them English？ 二、对谓语提问：不管后面接宾语与否，疑问词都用what, 并用do的适当形式代替谓语部分。如：26. He was playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon. What was he doing at four yesterday afternoon？三、对宾语提问：指人的用who （whom）, 指物的用what或which。如：27. He lives with his grandmother. Whom does he live with？ 28. I have two books in my

13、 bag. What do you have in your bag？ 四、对表语提问：要根据表语所表示的不同意思，选择不同的疑问代词。指人时一般用who；指时间时用when或what time；指职业时，用what；指颜色时用what colour; 指距离时用how far等。如： 29. Those flowers are red. What colour are those flowers？ 30.Shenzhen is about 200 kilometres away from Guangzhou . How far is Shenzhen away from Guangzhou？

14、五、对定语提问：问谁的用whose, 问哪个用which或what, 问数量用how many （much）。如： 31. The car near the river is mine. Which car is yours？32. I borrowed nine books from the library. How many books did you borrow from the library？六、对状语（从句）提问：指时间的疑问词用when （what time）, 指地点用where, 表示原因用why, 表示程度、方式用how, 表示频度用how often，表示时间段用how

15、 long等。如： 33. Allan will go back to England by plane next month. How will Allan go back to England next month？34. John went to see his grandmother once a week. How often did John go to see his grandmother？ 35. He has worked in this school for five years. How long has he worked in this school？36. Mrs

16、 Read didnt sleep well last night because the wind made too much noise. Why didnt Mrs Read sleep well last night？37. Jim will return in two weeks. How soon will Jim return。七、对混合成分提问：同时对两个或两个以上的提问时，可以用and把几个疑问词连起来放在句首。如： 38. I met Jim in the park the day before yesterday. When and where did you meet

17、Jim？重点记住：转换口诀：“一选二加三去” 一选就是选好疑问词，二加就是在疑问词后面加上一般疑问句，三去就是去掉划线的部分。二、特殊的有：1、对there be结构中的名词提问一般用whats2、在whose, how many, how much, which的后面一般要加上名词三、主要的疑问词有对物体提问-what 对身份提问-who 对方式、状况、程度提问-how对外貌提问-whatlike 对可数名词的数量提问-how many 对不可数名词的数量提问-how much 对定语提问-which 对颜色提问-what colour 对班级、年级提问-what class/grade 对

18、地点提问-where 对时刻提问-what time 对时间提问-when 对原因提问-why 对职业提问-what 对动作提问-whatdo 对频率提问-how often 对一段时间、长度提问-how long 对年龄提问-how old 对物主代词提问-whose五练习一、 改为一般疑问句1. I can skate well. _ _skate well?2. Kate does morning exercises every day._ Kate_ morning exercises every day?3. The exam begins at nine._ the exam_ a

19、t nine? 4. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday._ Ann_ the book to the library yesterday? 5. Theres something to eat in the cupboard._ there_ to eat in the cupboard? 6. Mary likes scuba diving very much._ Mary_ scuba diving very much? 二、改为反意疑问句7. There was no time for the twins to go shopp

20、ing,_ _ ? 8. She had nothing for breakfast,_ _ ? 9. You will meet your friends at the railway station,_ _ ? 10. She has hardly had anything this morning, _ _ ? 11. There is something important about to happen, _ _ ? 三、改为选择疑问句12. John is an American. (用a Canadian改为选择疑问句)_ John an American_ a Canadian

21、? 四、改为否定句13. She does the housework every day.She _ _ the housework every day. 14. Uncle Wang likes making things.Uncle Wang_ _ making things. 15. He returned the book to the library this morning.He_ _ the book to the library this morning. 16. The students of No.2 Middle School have gone for a picni

22、c already.The students of No.2 Middle School_ gone for a picnic_. 五、对划线部分提问17. Jim will return in two weeks._ _ will Jim return? 18. Mrs. Read didnt sleep well last night because the wind made too much noise._ _ Mrs. Read_ well last night? 19. He was playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon._

23、_ he_ at four yesterday afternoon? 20. He has worked in this school for five years._ _ has he worked in this school? 21. John went to see his grandmother once a week._ _ _ John go to see his grandmother? 22. I was born in 1980._ _ you born?23. I have two books in my bag._ _ you have in your bag?24.

24、The car near the river is mine._ _ is yours?25. Allan will go back to England by plane next month._ _ Allan go back to England next month?26. Urumqi is 3790 kilometres from Wuhan._ _ is Urumqi from Wuhan? 27. Those flowers are red._ _ are those flowers?六、其它28. I dont want to go to the concert. She d

25、oesnt want to go, either. (合并为一个简单句) _ 29. Im not going to Beijing. He isnt going to Beijing, either. _ he_ I_ going to Beijing. 30. Has he handed in his homework? Do you know? (改为复合句)Do you know_ he_ handed in his homework?31. Mr. Wang asked Lin Tao, Do you live in Guiyang? (改为含有宾语从句的复合句)Mr. Wang a

26、sked Lin Tao_ he_ in Guiyang.32. David was so careless that he didnt find the mistakes in his test paper. (改为简单句)David was_careless_find the mistakes in his test paper.33. Did you do your homework last night? (作否定回答)_ , I_ .34. Will they have a sports meeting? Do you know? (合并为一句)Do you know_ they_

27、have a sports meeting?Reading A一、难点精析1. In central France, they grow crops such as sunflowers. such as 例如，近义词组是：for example。不同之处在于：such as 侧重在列举，for example侧重于举出具体的例子。 You can see a lot of animals in the zoo,such as tigers, monkeys elephants and pandas. Animals are very clever, too. For example, dog

28、s can help us to look after babies.2. 短语be similar to，意思是“与相近，相似”，若要表示“与相同”的意思，则用be the same as ，其反义词组是 be different from 3. They will help you better understand France and the French people. 它们能帮助你更好地了解法国和法国人民。 help所带的不定式作宾语补足语，可带to也可不带to。如： She often helps her mother (to) do some housework. 她经常帮助她妈妈做些家务。二、难句剖析 People with children will find Euro Disney a good place to visit. 带着孩子的人们会发现欧洲迪斯尼乐园是个参观的好地方。 动词find在这是“发现”的意思。它所带的宾语后面通常用名词或形容词来补充说明，语法上称之为宾语补足语。如本句中的a good place to visit 这个名词短语就是用来补充说明Euro Disney的。又如： (1) You will find these animals very clever.