英语六级真题及参考答案Word文档格式.docx

1、2. 数字化产品的使用对人工作，学习，生活产生的影响Digital Age_Part II Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning） （15 minutes） In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and

2、 D. For questions 8 -10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Seven Ways to Save the WorldForget the old idea that conserving energy is a form of self-denial riding bicycles, dimming the lights, and taking fewer showers. These days conservation is all about efficiency: g

3、etting the same or better results from just a fraction of the energy. When a slump in business travel forced Ulrich Rmer to cut cost costs at his family-owned hotel in Germany, he replaced hundreds of the hotels wasteful light bulbs, getting the same light for 80 percent less power. He bought a new

4、water boiler with a digitally controlled pump, and wrapped insulation around the pipes. Spending about 100,000 on these and other improvements, he slashed his 90,000 fuel and power bill by 60,000. As a bonus, the hotels lower energy needs have reduced its annual carbon emissions by more than 200 met

5、ric tons. “For us, saving energy has been very, very profitable,” he says. “And most importantly, were not giving up a single comfort for our guests.” Efficiency is also a great way to lower carbon emissions and help slow global warming. But the best argument for efficiency is its cost or, more prec

6、isely, its profitability. Thats because quickly growing energy demand requires immense investment in new supply, not to mention the drain of rising energy prices. No wonder efficiency has moved to the top of the political agenda. On Jan. 10, the European Union unveiled a plan to cut energy use acros

7、s the continent by 20 percent by 2020. Last March, China imposed a 20 percent increase in energy efficiency by 2020. Even George W. Bush, the Texas oilman, is expected to talk about energy conversation in his State of the Union speech this week. The good news is that the world is full of proven, che

8、ap ways to save energy. Here are the seven that could have the biggest impact:Insulate Space heating and cooling eats up 36 percent of all the worlds energy. Theres virtually no limit to how much of that can be saved, as prototype “zero-energy homes” in Switzerland and Germany have shown. Theres bee

9、n a surge in new ways of keeping heat in and cold out （or vice versa）. The most advanced insulation follows the law of increasing returns: if you add enough, you can scale down or even eliminate heating and air-conditioning equipment, lowering costs even before you start saving on utility bills. Stu

10、dies have shown that green workplaces （ones that dont constantly need to have the heat or air-conditioner running） have higher worker productivity and lower sick rates.Change BulbsLighting eats up 20 percent of the worlds electricity, or the equivalent of roughly 600,000 tons of coal a day. Forty pe

11、rcent of that powers old-fashioned incandescent light bulbs a 19th-century technology that wastes most of the power it consumes on unwanted heat.Compact fluorescent lamps, or CFLs, not only use 75 to 80 percent less electricity than incandescent bulbs to generate the same amount of light, but they a

12、lso last 10 times longer. Phasing old bulbs out by 2030 would save the output of 650 power plants and avoid the release of 700 million tons of carbon into the atmosphere each year.Comfort Zone Water boilers, space heaters and air conditioners have been notoriously inefficient. The heat pump has alte

13、red that equation. It removes heat from the air outside or the ground below and uses it to supply heat to a building or its water supply. In the summer, the system can be reversed to cool building as well.Most new residential buildings in Sweden are already heated with ground-source heat pumps. Such

14、 systems consume almost no conventional fuel at all. Several countries have used subsidies to jump-start the market, including Japan, where almost 1 million heat pumps have been installed in the past two years to heat water for showers and hot tubs.Remake Factories From steel mills to paper factorie

15、s, industry eats up about a third of the worlds energy. The opportunities to save are vast. In Ludwigshafen, German chemicals giant BASF runs an interconnected complex of more than 200 chemical factories, where heat produced by one chemical process is used to power the next. At the Ludwigshafen site

16、 alone, such recycling of heat and energy saves the company 200 million a year and almost half its CO2 emissions. Now BASF is doing the same for new plants in China. “Optimizing （优化） energy efficiency is a decisive competitive advantage, ” says BASF CEO Jrgen Hambrecht.Green Driving A quarter of the

17、 worlds energy including two thirds of the annual production of oil is used for transportation. Some savings come free of charge: you can boost fuel efficiency by 6 percent simply by keeping your cars tires properly inflated （充气）. Gasoline-electric hybrid （混合型） models like the Toyota Prius improve m

18、ileage by a further 20 percent over conventional models.A Better FridgeMore than half of all residential power goes into running household appliances，producing a fifth of the worlds carbon emissions. And thats true even though manufacturers have already hiked the efficiency of refrigerators and othe

19、r white goods by as much as 70 percent since the 1980s. According to an International Energy Agency study, if consumers chose those models that would save them the most money over the life of the appliance, theyd cut global residential power consumption and their utility bills by 43 percent.Flexible

20、 Payment Who says you have to pay for all your conservation investment？“Energy service contractors” will pay for retrofitting （翻折改造） in return for a share of the clients annual utility-bill savings. In Beijing, Shenwu Thermal Energy Technology Co. specializes in retrofitting Chinas steel furnaces. S

21、henwu puts up the initial investment to install a heat exchanger that preheats the air going into the furnace，slashing the clients fuel costs . Shenwu pockets a cut of those savings, so both Shenwu and the client profit. If saving energy is so easy and profitable, why isnt everyone doing it? It has

22、to do with psychology and a lack of information. Most of us tend to look at todays price tag more than tomorrows potential savings. That holds double for the landlord or developer, who wont actually see a penny of the savings his investment in better insulation or a better heating system might gener

23、ate. In many peoples minds, conservation is still associated with self-denial. Many environmentalists still push that view.Smart governments can help push the market in the right direction. The EUs 1994 law on labeling was such a success that it extended the same idea to entire buildings last year.

24、To boost the market value of efficiency, all new buildings are required to have an “energy pass” detailing power and heating consumption. Countries like Japan and Germany have successively tightened building codes, requiring an increase in insulation levels but leaving it up to builders to decide ho

25、w to meet them.The most powerful incentives, of course, will come from the market itself. Over the past year, sky-high fuel prices have focused minds on efficiency like never before. Ever-increasing pressure to cut costs has finally forced more companies to do some math on their energy use.Will it b

26、e enough? With global demand and emissions rising so fast, we may not have any choice but to try. Efficient technology is here now, proven and cheap. Compared with all other options, its the biggest, easiest and most profitable bang for the buck.1. What is said to be the best way to conserve energy

27、nowadays?A Raising efficiently. B Cutting unnecessary costs.C Finding alternative resources D Sacrificing some personal comforts.2. What does the European Union plan to do?A Diversify energy supply. B Cut energy consumption.C Reduce carbon emissions. D Raise production efficiency.3. If you add enoug

28、h insulation to your house, you may be able to _.A improve your work environment B cut your utility bills by half.C get rid of air-conditioners D enjoy much better health4. How much of the power consumed by incandescent bulbs is converted into light?A A small portion. B Some 40 percent C Almost half

29、. D 75 to 80 percent.5. Some countries have tired to jump-start the market of heat pumps by_.A upgrading the equipment B encouraging investmentsC implementing high-tech D providing subsidies6. German chemicals giant BASF saves 200 million a year by_.A recycling heat and energy B setting up factories

30、 in ChinaC using the newest technology D reducing the CO2 emissions of its plants7. Global residential power consumption can be cut by 43 percent if_.A we increase the insulation of walls and water pipesB we choose simpler models of electrical appliancesC we cut down on the use of refrigerators and other white goodsD we choose the most efficient models of refrigerators and other white goods8. Energy service contractors profit by taking a part of clients_. 9. Many environmentalists maintain the view that conser