高考试题英语北京卷解析.docx

1、高考试题英语北京卷解析绝密启用前2016年一般高等学校全国一致考试（北京卷）英语本试卷共16页，共150分。考试时间为120分钟。考生务势必答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。试题总评：从整体上看难度略有提高，过渡较安稳。试题要点突出，命题思路清楚，重视对思想能力和全面文化素质的观察，重申社交运用。整套试卷很好地表现了语言教课的特点：既融语言及感情、又兼备知识与能力。一、语法部分难度适中，着重基础知识的观察。考点散布：时态语态（4道），非谓语动词（3道），从句（5道），虚构语气、神态动词、并列连词（各1道）。二、阅读部分体裁丰富，话题较切近生活。从完形、阅

2、读到七选五，关注社会、自然以及自我价值的实现。篇幅难度与2015年北京高考基本持平，阅读题目重视细节题目的观察。阅读D篇是一篇谈论文，篇幅较长。文章阐述了大学在培育学生自主性和认可感方面的重要性，文章有必定的难度，特别是第70题文章构造题。经过第四段的“equally important”及第五段段首的“moreover”等逻辑词可推知文章构造。三、应用文题材新奇，综合观察了考生的平时累积能力。谈及人物的贡献和对自己的影响时，考生有可能会碰到大批的词汇阻碍，故难度较昨年显然提高。四、情形作文话题较为惯例，整体难度适中。“地球日”系列活动属于保护环境的体裁内容，关于考生其实不陌生。根源:学优第二

3、部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节单项填空（共 15 小题；每题 1 分，共 15 分）从每题所给的 ABCD 四个选项中，选出能够填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡大将该项涂黑。例：Its so nice to hear from her again _,we last met more than thirty years ago.A.Whats to say C.In other words D.Believe it or not答案是D。21.Jackin the lab when the power cut occurred.A.works B.has worked C.was

4、working D.would work【答案】C考点：观察时态 【名师点睛】一、过去进行时的组成：was/were+动词的此刻分词(-ing) 二、过去进行时的用法：1、表示在过去某时辰正在进行或发生的动作，往常与表过去的时间壮语连用。比如：At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp.昨天这个时候，我正在整理东西去露营。2、表挪动的动词，如come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等词的过去进行时，能够表示过去将要发生的动作。比如：She told me that she was going

5、 to Hainan for her holiday. 她告诉我她将去海南度假。3、在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生以后，另一个动作正在进行。比如：It was raining when they left the station. 他们走开车站时，正下着雨。 When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.我抵达山顶时，阳光绚烂。4、在表达或描绘过去的事情时，过去进行时常常与其余过去时态，特别时是一般过去时连用。可是过去进行时常常是表示背景。比如：One night, he was typing

6、 in his study. Suddenly, a man broke into his house and cut off the electricity.一天夜晚，他正在书斋里打字。忽然，一个人闯进屋来，切断了电源。22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.【答案】A【分析】试题剖析：题目观察定语从句的关系词。a couple是先行词，这对夫妇的孩子很吵，children和couple是所属关系，故用whose作定语，相当于the children of whom，应选A。考点：观察定语从句 【名

7、师点睛】定语从句的关系词分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, that, which, as 等）和关系副词（when, where, why等）1. 关系代词所取代的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充任主语、宾语，定语等成分。关系副词可取代的先行词是表示时间、地址或原由的名词，在从句中作状语。eg. An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings. The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.2. 关系代词在定

8、语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略（非限制性定语从句中不行省略）。eg. I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion. The suit (which / that ) the tailor made for me doesnt fit me

9、.3. 非限制性定语从句中，关系词均不行省略。注意关系代词that, 关系副词why, 不行用于非限制性定语从句。4. 作介词宾语的关系代词在限制和非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作介词宾语，即介词+关系代词，whom用于指人，which用于指物，不可以用that。eg. The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department. Mrs. Nye, with whom you shook hands just now, is head of our department. The room in which my f

10、amily live used to be a garage.23.Excuse me,which movie are you waiting for?The new Star Wars.Wehere for more than two hours.A.waited B.wait C.would be waiting D.have been waiting【答案】D考点：观察时态【名师点睛】此刻达成进行时由“助动词have/has been+ -ing形式”组成。用法以下：1. 此刻达成进行时表示过去的动作连续到此刻并有可能连续下去的动作。常和for，since指引的时间状语连用。-Hi, T

11、racy, you look tired. -I am tired. I have been painting the living room all day.They have been living here for 10 years. 他们住在这里十年了。2. 表示一个动作从过去某时开始，向来连续到说话时候刚结束。I have been waiting you for about one hour.。(说话时等的动作刚结束)She has been working all night long.3. 表示重复（只断断续续，而非向来不断） Weve been discussing the

12、matter several times this year. I have been saying goodbye to some friends today.24.Your support is important to our work.you can do helps.【答案】C【名师点睛】主语从句 Subject Clauses (在主语的地点上)1. 从句的连结词能够是that, 也能够是特别疑问词wh-。That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us thatWhether we shall attend

13、 the meeting hasnt been decided yet.Who will go makes no difference.It is known to us that he is a famous singer.It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.此题中，whatever指引主语从句，同时作do的宾语。2. wh和ever 连用的词指引的名词性从句和状语从句的差别划分使用wh-和wh-ever: wh 有疑问的意思；wh-ever有必定重申的意思*Who will be invited hasnt been decided

14、.*Whoever comes here is welcomed.*A reward of $1,000 will be given to whoever can provide any clues to the case.*The gift will be given to whomever I like.wh-ever 在指引名词性从句时不可以用no matter wh-来替代，但在指引状语从句时能够替代Whatever happened, he would not mind.= No matter what happened, he考点：观察主语从句25.Ihalf of the Eng

15、lish novel,and Ill try to finish it at the weekend.A.read B.have read C.am reading D.will read【答案】B考点：观察时态 【名师点睛】此刻达成时基本用法：1、表示过去发生或已经达成的动作对此刻造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, ever, never, just，before 等词连用。比如：Have you ever cooked at home? 你吃晚餐了吗？You have already grown much taller.你已经长高了很多。2、表示过去已经开始，连续到此刻的动作

16、或状态。常常和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，常用的有：for一段时间；since+过去时间点或从句。（Since 用来说明动作开端时间，for用来说明动作连续时间长度），发问用How long.比如：It has been five years since he joined the army .他从军五年了。 They have learned English for eight years .他们已学了八年的英语了。3、此刻达成时需注意的问题：1表示短暂性的动词不可以与表示一段时间的状语连用appear, begin, borrow, lend, buy, close,come, die,

17、fall, find, finish, join, kill, leave, sell, stop等。比如：He has joined the army for five years. （错误）He has been in the army for five years.(正确)注意：非连续性动词的否认形式能够与表示连续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是能够连续的。（错）I have received his letter for a month.（对）I havent received his letter for almost a month.2不可以和明确的过去时间状语连用，如：yes

18、terday, last week, in 1998,two days ago等。3have/has been to 和have/has gone to 的差别： have/has been to 去过某地，此刻已经回来； have/has gone to 去了某地，在去的路上或已经在那边。4比较一般过去时与此刻达成时一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态，重申换作，不睦此刻发生联系，常与详细的过去时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week，ago, in1980, in October, just now等，；此刻达成时表示过去发生的某一动作对此刻造成的影响或结果，重申的是此刻

19、的状况，不可以与表过去的时间状语连用。I saw this film yesterday. （重申看的动作发生过了）I have seen this film. （重申对此刻的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）Why did you get up so early? （重申起床的动作已发生过了）He has been a League member for three years. （重申他是团员）此刻达成时考点剖析：此刻达成时除能够和for、since指引的状语连用外，还能够和下边的介词短语连用：during / in /over the last(past)few years (months,

20、weeks)、in recent years等。以下句型中常用此刻达成时It is (has been) + 一段时间 + since从句This(That / It)is the first(second)time that + 达成时This(That / It)is the only + that + 达成时This(that / It)is the best / finest / most interesting + that 从句 + 达成时在时间或条件状语从句中，此刻达成时能够取代一般未来时。如：I shall post the letter as soon as I have w

21、ritten it.If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory better.Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.26.it easier to get in touch with us, youd better keep this card at hand.A. Made B. Make C. Making D. To make【答案】D考点：观察不定式作目的状语 【名师点睛】一、不定式的作用1、作主语：不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。常常用it 作形式主语，把不定式放在

22、谓语后边。如：It took us two hours to finish the job.It is impossible for us to get there on time.It is very kind of you to help us.注意：（1）其余系动词如look, appear等也可用于此句型。 （2）当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不可以用It is to的句型。试比较： It is to negate my own idea to believe him.（错） To believe him is to negate my own idea .（对） （3

23、）It is+ adj. of / for sb. to do sth. 构造中，当不定式的逻辑主语和前方的形容词能够组成系表构造时，用of, 不然用 for.2、作宾语(1) 动词+不定式。如：He managed to escape from the fire.I find it hard to get along with him.（it 作形式宾语）注：以下动词往常用不定式作宾语：want, try, hope, wish, need, forget, know, promise, refuse, help, decide, begin, start, learn, agree, ch

24、oose, get等(1)动词+疑问词+to , “特别疑问句+不定式”相当于名词，作宾语。如：I dont know what to do next/ how to do it next.I cant decide when to go there.注意：不定式短语作宾语时，假如还带有宾语补足语，常常把不定式短语放在宾语补足语以后，用it 作形式宾语。如：I find it necessary to learn a foreign language.3、作宾语补足语(1)动词+宾语+不定式（to do ）。如：He warned me to be careful.I want you to

25、speak to Tom.What makes you think so? （不带to的不定式） 注：能够用动词不定式做宾补的动词有：ask, tell, order ,want ,get, would like, like, advise, invite, allow, help, wish, warn, expect, would prefer, encourage(2)表看法、看法的动词构造可为：动词+宾语+ to be 的不定式构造。如：We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.The book is bel

26、ieved to be useful.（被动语态）(3) There +不定式。如：We didnt expect there to be so many people there.我们没想到会有那么多人在那边。注意：（1）有些动词需用 as 短语作补语，像regard, think, believe, take, consider。如：We regard Eric as our best teacher. 我们以为艾瑞克是我们最好的老师。Mary took him as her father. 玛丽把他看作自己的父亲。(4) 在动词feel （一感），hear, listen to（二听），

27、have, let, make（三让），notice, see, watch, observe, look at（五看）(即：吾看三室两厅一感觉)等后边的补足语中，不定式不带to，但变为被动语态后，一定带to。如：根源:学优gkstkThey saw the boy fall off the tree. The boy was seen to fall off the tree.(5) help后边作宾语补足语的不定式能够带to,也能够不带to. I often help him （to）clean the room. I helped him (to) find his things.4、作

28、定语不定式作定语，修饰名词或代词，不定式和它所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系、动状关系、同位关系或动宾关系。不定式往常要放在这些被修饰的词后。如：I have a lot of work to do.（动宾关系）He is looking for a room to live in.（动状关系）He is the first person to think of the idea.（主谓关系）He has got a chance to go abroad.（同位关系）注意：1.不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，不定式用主动形式表被动。如： Do you have anything else

29、to say? 2.假如作定语的不定式是一个短语，则要保存不定式短语中的副词或介词。如： I need a pen to write with. (I will write with the pen ) (我需要一支钢笔写字) I have a little baby to look after. (I must look after the little baby ) (我有一个婴儿要照看)5. 作状语作状语，表示目的、结果、原由等，有时还有一些固定搭配的不定式短语，如in order to , so as to, soas to, such as to, .enough to, tooto

30、等。(1)做目的状语，just to, only to （只是为了）, in order to, so as to, so(such).as to（这样以便）如：He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞速地跑以便追上第一班车。He came to the school to see his son.(2)作结果状语，表预先没有预想到的，要放在句子后边。如：He hurried to the post office only to find it was closed.He searched the room only to find nothin

31、g.(3)做原由状语。如：We were very excited to hear the news.Im glad to see you.(4)做条件状语。如：To turn to the left, you could find a post office.6. 作表语不定式可放在be动词后边，组成表语。如：The question is how to put it into practice.My question is when to leave.His dream is to be a doctor.Her work is to look after the babies.注意：1.不定式在句中作表语时，对应的谓语动词用单数。 2.当主语是不定式时，表语不可以用V+ing形式，可用不定式。 如：To see is to believe. （目睹为实）(Seeing is believing. )7独立构造。如：To tell you the truth, I dont agree with you.To m