1、/ 哈夫曼树结点类模板template struct HuffmanTreeNode WeightType weight; / 权数据域 unsigned int parent, leftChild, rightChild; / 双亲,左右孩子域 HuffmanTreeNode(); / 无参数的构造函数模板 HuffmanTreeNode(WeightType w, int p = 0, int lChild = 0, int rChild = 0); / 已知权,双亲及左右孩子构造结构;/ 哈夫曼树结点类模板的实现部分HuffmanTreeNode:HuffmanTreeNode()/ 操
2、作结果:构造空结点 parent = leftChild = rightChild = 0;HuffmanTreeNode(WeightType w, int p, int lChild, int rChild) / 操作结果:构造一个权为w,双亲为p,左孩子为lChild,右孩子为rChild的结点 weight = w; / 权 parent = p; / 双亲 leftChild = lChild; / 左孩子 rightChild = rChild; / 右孩子#endif#ifndef _HUFFMAN_TREE_H_#define _HUFFMAN_TREE_H_#include
3、string.h / 串类huffman_tree_node.h / 哈夫曼树结点类模板/ 哈夫曼树类模板class CharType, class WeightTypeclass HuffmanTreeprotected: HuffmanTreeNode *nodes; / 存储结点信息,nodes0未用 CharType *LeafChars; / 叶结点字符信息,LeafChars0未用 String *LeafCharCodes; / 叶结点字符编码信息,LeafCharCodes0未用 int curPos; / 译码时从根结点到叶结点路径的当前结点 int num; / 叶结点个数
4、/ 辅助函数模板: void Select(int cur, int &r1, int &r2); / nodes1 cur中选择双亲为,权值最小的两个结点r1,r2 void CreatHuffmanTree(CharType ch, WeightType w, int n);/ 由字符,权值和字符个数构造哈夫曼树public:/ 哈夫曼树方法声明及重载编译系统默认方法声明: HuffmanTree(CharType ch, WeightType w, int n); / 由字符,权值和字符个数构造哈夫曼树 virtual HuffmanTree(); / 析构函数模板 String Enc
5、ode(CharType ch); / 编码 LinkList Decode(String strCode); / 译码 HuffmanTree(const HuffmanTree ©); / 复制构造函数模板 HuffmanTreeoperator=(const HuffmanTree& copy); / 重载赋值运算符/ 孩子兄弟表示哈夫曼树类模板的实现部分void HuffmanTreeSelect(int cur, int &r2)/ 操作结果:nodes1 cur中选择双亲为,权值最小的两个结点r1,r2 r1 = r2 = 0; / 0表示空结点 for (int pos
6、= 1; pos = cur; pos+) / 查找树值最小的两个结点 if (nodespos.parent != 0) continue; / 只处理双亲不为的结点 if (r1 = 0) r1 = pos; / r1为空,将pos赋值给r1 else if (r2 = 0) r2 = pos; / r2为空,将pos赋值给r2 else if (nodespos.weight nodesr1.weight) / nodespos权值比nodesr1更小,将pos赋为r1 nodesr2.weight) / nodespos权值比nodesr2更小,将pos赋为r2 CreatHuffma
7、nTree(CharType ch, WeightType w, int n)由字符,权值和字符个数构造哈夫曼树 num = n; / 叶结点个数 int m = 2 * n - 1; / 结点个数 nodes = new HuffmanTreeNodem + 1; / nodes0未用 LeafChars = new CharTypen + 1; / LeafChars0未用 LeafCharCodes = new Stringn + 1; / LeafCharCodes0未用 int pos; / 临时变量 for (pos = 1;= n; / 存储叶结点信息 nodespos.weig
8、ht = wpos - 1; / 权值 LeafCharspos = chpos - 1; / 字符 for (pos = n + 1;= m; / 建立哈夫曼树 int r1, r2; Select(pos - 1, r1, r2); / nodes1 pos - 1中选择双亲为,权值最小的两个结点r1,r2 / 合并以r1,r2为根的树 nodesr1.parent = nodesr2.parent = pos; / r1,r2双亲为pos nodespos.leftChild = r1; / r1为pos的左孩子 nodespos.rightChild = r2; / r2为pos的右孩
9、子 nodespos.weight = nodesr1.weight + nodesr2.weight;/pos的权为r1,r2的权值之和 / 求n个叶结点字符的编码 LinkList charCode; / 暂存叶结点字符编码信息 for (unsigned int child = pos, parent = nodeschild.parent; parent != 0; child = parent, parent = nodeschild.parent) / 从叶结点到根结点逆向求编码 if (nodesparent.leftChild = child) charCode.Insert(
10、1, 0);/ 左分支编码为 else charCode.Insert(1, 1 / 右分支编码为 LeafCharCodespos = charCode; / charCode中存储字符编码 curPos = m; / 译码时从根结点开始,m为根HuffmanTreeHuffmanTree(CharType ch, WeightType w, int n) CreatHuffmanTree(ch, w, n); / 由字符,权值和字符个数构造哈夫曼树HuffmanTree()销毁哈夫曼树 if (nodes != NULL) delete nodes; / 释放结点信息 if (LeafCh
11、ars != NULL) delete LeafChars; / 释放叶结点字符信息 if (LeafCharCodes != NULL) delete LeafCharCodes; / 释放叶结点字符编码信息String HuffmanTreeEncode(CharType ch)返回字符编码= num; / 查找字符的位置 if (LeafCharspos = ch) return LeafCharCodespos;/ 找到字符,得到编码 throw Error(非法字符,无法编码! / 抛出异常LinkListDecode(String strCode)对编码串strCode进行译码,返
12、回编码前的字符序列 charList; / 编码前的字符序列 for (int pos = 0; strCode.Length(); / 处理每位编码 if (strCodepos = ) curPos = nodescurPos.leftChild; / 表示左分支 else curPos = nodescurPos.rightChild; / if (nodescurPos.leftChild = 0 & nodescurPos.rightChild = 0) / 译码时从根结点到叶结点路径的当前结点为叶结点 charList.Insert(charList.Length() + 1, L
13、eafCharscurPos); curPos = 2 * num - 1; / curPos回归根结点 return charList; / 返回编码前的字符序列HuffmanTree(const HuffmanTreecopy)由哈夫曼树copy构造新哈夫曼树复制构造函数模板 num = copy.num; curPos = copy.curPos; / 译码时从根结点到叶结点路径的当前结点 int m = 2 * num - 1; / 结点总数 LeafChars = new CharTypenum + 1; LeafCharCodes = new Stringnum + 1; / Le
14、afCharCodes0未用 / 复制结点信息 nodespos = copy.nodespos; / 结点信息 / 复制叶结点字符信息与叶结点字符编码信息 LeafCharspos = copy.LeafCharspos; / 叶结点字符信息 LeafCharCodespos = copy.LeafCharCodespos;/ 叶结点字符编码信息 copy) 将哈夫曼树copy赋值给当前哈夫曼树重载赋值运算符 if (© != this) if (nodes ! if (LeafChars ! if (LeafCharCodes ! num = copy.num; curPos =
15、copy.curPos; / 译码时从根结点到叶结点路径的当前结点 int m = 2 * num - 1; / 结点总数 nodes = new HuffmanTreeNode *pHuffmanTree; FILE *infp,*outfp; / 输入/出文件 BufferType buf; / 字符缓存 void Write(unsigned int bit); / 向目标文件中写入一个比特 void WriteToOutfp(); / 强行将字符缓存写入目标文件 HuffmanCompress(); / 无参数的构造函数 HuffmanCompress(); / 析构函数 void C
16、ompress(); / 压缩算法 void Decompress(); / 解压缩算法 HuffmanCompress(const HuffmanCompress & / 复制构造函数 HuffmanCompress &operator=(const HuffmanCompress&/ 赋值运算符HuffmanCompress:HuffmanCompress() pHuffmanTree = NULL; / 空哈夫曼树HuffmanCompress() if (pHuffmanTree != NULL) delete pHuffmanTree; / 释放空间void HuffmanCompress:Write(unsigned int bit) / 操作结果:向目标文件中写入一个比特 buf.bits+; / 缓存比特数自增 buf.ch = (buf.ch 1) | bit; / 将bit加入到缓存字符中 if (buf.bits = 8) / 缓存区已满,写入目标文件 fputc(buf.ch, outfp); / 写入目标文件 buf.bit
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