微观经济学的练习试题以与答案解析英文版.docx

1、WORD 格式可下载Chapter 01 Thinking Like an EconomistMultiple Choice Questions1. Economics is best defined as the study of:A. prices and quantities.B. inflation and interest rates.C. how people make choices under the conditions of scarcity and the results of those choices.D. wages and incomes.2. Economic

2、questions always deal with:A. financial matters.B. political matters.C. insufficient resources.D. choice in the face of limited resources.3. The range of topics or issues that fit within the definition of economics is:A. limited to market activities, e.g., buying soap.B. limited to individuals and f

3、irms.C. extremely wide, requiring only the ideas of choice and scarcity.D. very limited.4. The central concern of economics is:A. poverty.B. scarcity.C. wealth accumulation.D. overconsumption.专业技术资料编辑整理分享5. The scarcity principle indicates that:A. no matter how much one has, it is never enough.B. co

4、mpared to 100 years ago, individuals have less time today.C. with limited resources, having more of this means having less of that.D. because tradeoffs must be made, resources are therefore scarce.6. The logical implication of the scarcity principle is that:A. one will never be satisfied with what o

5、ne has.B. as wealth increases, making choices becomes less necessary.C. as wealth decreases, making choices becomes less necessary.D. choices must be made.7. If all the worlds resources were to magically increase a hundredfold, then:A. the scarcity principle would still govern behavior.B. economics

6、would no longer be relevant.C. the scarcity principle would disappear.D. tradeoffs would become unnecessary.8. The principle of scarcity applies to:A. the poor exclusively.B. all consumers.C. all firms.D. everyoneconsumers, firms, governments, and nations.9. At the very least, Joe Average and Bill G

7、ates are both identically limited by:A. their wealth.B. the 24 hours that comprise a day.C. their knowledge.D. their influence.10. Forest is a mountain man living in complete isolation in Montana. He is completely self-sufficient through hunting, fishing, and farming. He has not been in the city to

8、buy anything in five years. One can infer:A. the scarcity principle does not apply to Forest.B. Forest is not required to make choices.C. the scarcity principle still applies because more hunting means less fishing and farming.D. Forest is very satisfied.11. The scarcity principle applies to:A. all

9、decisions.B. only market decisions, e.g., buying a car.C. only non-market decisions, e.g., watching a sunset.D. only the poor.12. Chris has a one-hour break between classes every Wednesday. Chris can either stay at the library and study or go to the gym and work out. The decision Chris must make is:

10、A. not an economic problem because neither one costs money.B. not an economic problem because its an hour that is wasted no matter what Chris does.C. an economic problem because the tuition Chris pays covers both the gym and the library.D. an economic problem because Chris has only one hour during w

11、hich he can study or work out.13. Josh wants to go to the football game this weekend, but he has a paper due on Monday. It will take him the whole weekend to write the paper. Josh decided to stay home and work on the paper. According to the scarcity principle, the reason Josh didnt go to the game is

12、 that:A. Josh prefers schoolwork to football games.B. writing the paper is easier than going to the game.C. Josh doesnt have enough time for writing the paper and going to the game.D. its too expensive to go to the game.14. Whether studying the size of the U.S. economy or the number of children a co

13、uple will choose to have, the unifying concept is that wants are:A. limited, resources are limited, and thus choices must be made.B. unlimited, resources are limited, and thus choices must be made.C. unlimited, resources are limited to some but not to others, and thus some people must make choices.D

14、. unlimited, resources are limited, and thus government needs to do more.15. The cost-benefit principle indicates that an action should be taken:A. if the total benefits exceed the total costs.B. if the average benefits exceed the average costs.C. if the net benefit (benefit minus cost) is zero.D. i

15、f the extra benefit is greater than or equal to the extra costs.16. When a person decides to pursue an activity as long as the extra benefits are at least equal to the extra costs, that person is:A. violating the cost-benefit principle.B. following the scarcity principle.C. following the cost-benefi

16、t principle.D. pursuing the activity too long.17. Choosing to study for an exam until the extra benefit (improved score) equals the extra cost (mental fatigue) is:A. not rational.B. an application of the cost-benefit principle.C. an application of the scarcity principle.D. the relevant opportunity c

17、ost.18. The scarcity principle tells us that , and the cost-benefit principle tells us .A. choices must be made; how to make the choicesB. choices must be made; that the costs can never outweigh the benefits of the choicesC. rare goods are expensive; that the costs should outweigh the benefits of th

18、e choicesD. rare goods are expensive; that the costs can never outweigh the benefits of the choices19. According to the cost-benefit principle:A. the lowest cost activity usually gives the lowest benefit.B. a person should always choose the activity with the lowest cost.C. a person should always cho

19、ose the activity with the greatest benefit.D. the extra costs and benefits of an activity are more important considerations than the total costs and benefits.20. A rational person is one who:A. is reasonable.B. makes choices that are easily understood.C. possesses well-defined goals and seeks to ach

20、ieve them.D. is highly cynical.21. The seventh glass of soda that Tim consumes will produce an extra benefit of 10 cents and has an extra cost of zero (Tim is eating at the cafeteria). The cost-benefit principle predicts that Tim will:A. realize he has had too much soda to drink and go home.B. drink

21、 the seventh glass and continue until the marginal benefit of drinking another glass of soda is zero.C. volunteer to empty out the fountain.D. not drink the seventh glass.22. Janie must either mow the lawn or wash clothes, earning her a benefit of $30 or $45, respectively. She dislikes both equally

22、and they both take the same amount of time. Janie will therefore choose to because the economic surplus is .A. mow the lawn; greaterB. wash clothes; greaterC. mow the lawn; smallerD. wash clothes; smaller23. Dean decided to play golf rather than prepare for tomorrows exam in economics. One can infer

23、 that:A. Dean has made an irrational choice.B. Dean is doing poorly in his economics class.C. the economic surplus from playing golf exceeded the surplus from studying.D. the cost of studying was less than the cost of golfing.Larry was accepted at three different graduate schools, and must choose on

24、e. Elite U costs $50,000 per year and did not offer Larry any financial aid. Larry values attending Elite U at $60,000 per year. State College costs $30,000 per year, and offered Larry an annual $10,000 scholarship. Larry values attending State College at $40,000 per year. NoName U costs $20,000 per

25、 year, and offered Larry a full $20,000 annual scholarship. Larry values attending NoName at $15,000 per year.24. The opportunity cost of attending Elite U is:A. $50,000B. $10,000C. $20,000D. $15,00025. The opportunity cost of attending State College is:A. $30,000B. $20,000C. $15,000D. $10,00026. La

26、rry maximizes his surplus by attending:A. Elite U, because $60,000 is greater than the benefit at the other schools.B. State College, because the difference between the benefit and cost is greatest there.C. NoName U, because Larry has a full scholarship there.D. Elite U, because the opportunity cost

27、s of attending Elite U are the lowest.27. Larry has decided to go to Elite U. Assuming that all of the values described are correct, for Larry to decide on Elite U, he must have:A. calculated his surplus from each choice and picked the one with the highest surplus.B. underestimated the benefits of a

28、ttending NoName.C. miscalculated the surplus of attending Elite U.D. determined the opportunity cost of each choice and picked the one with the lowest opportunity cost.28. Jen spends her afternoon at the beach, paying $1 to rent a beach umbrella and $11 for food and drinks rather than spending an eq

29、ual amount of money to go to a movie. The opportunity cost of going to the beach is:A. the $12 she spent on the umbrella, food and drinks.B. only $1 because she would have spent the money on food and drinks whether or not she went to the beach.C. the movie she missed seeing.D. the movie she missed s

30、eeing plus the $12 she spent on the umbrella, food and drinks.29. Relative to a person who earns minimum wage, a person who earns $30 per hour has:A. a lower opportunity cost of working longer hours.B. a higher opportunity cost of taking a day off.C. a lower opportunity cost of driving farther to wo

31、rk.D. the same opportunity cost of spending time on leisure activities.30. The opportunity cost of an activity is the value of:A. an alternative forgone.B. the next-best alternative forgone.C. the least-best alternative forgone.D. the difference between the chosen activity and the next-best alternative forgone.31. Amy is thinking about going to the movies tonight. A ticket costs $7 and she will have to cancel her dog-sitting job that pays $30. The cost of seeing the movie is:A. $7.B. $30.C. $37.D. $37 minu