参考高考英语四海八荒易错集专题08动词的时态和语态.docx

1、参考高考英语四海八荒易错集专题08动词的时态和语态（参考）2019年高考英语四海八荒易错集专题08动词的时态和语态1. The TV Dwelling Narrowness(蜗居)is really fantastic.The show has succeeded in (get across) much to the audience，which has contributed to its success.【解析】句意：电视剧蜗居真的很吸引人。它成功地和观众产生共鸣，这促进了它的成功。get across使被理解。放在介词后的应为动名词。【答案】getting across2.Consid

2、ering his health，I advise him to (set aside) an hour or two each day to work out.【答案】set aside【解析】句意：玛丽经常做些翻译工作来赚取外快，这占了她收入的一半。account for是的原因；解释，说明；(在数量上、比例上)占。【答案】accounts for4. “Judging the voice, and not the appearance” makes the showThe Voice of China (stand out) from the numerous other reality

3、 shows in China.【解析】stand out意思“引人注目”。句意：“判断声音而不是外貌”使得好声音在众多真人秀节目中引人注目。【答案】stand out5. I dont know why he (break off) in the middle of a sentence.【解析】broke off 中断，突然停止。句意：我不知道他为什么话只说了一半就停止。【答案】broke off 6.He was about to do his homework when an unusual noise (arrest) his attention.【解析】句意：他刚要做作业，这时一个

4、不寻常的声音吸引了他的注意力。【答案】arrested7.It is bad manners to (拒绝) an invitation without a reason.【解析】句意：无故拒绝邀请是不礼貌的。turn down拒绝。【答案】turn down【解析】句意：她完全聚精会神地准备即将到来的考试，所以她没有时间在社区参加各种各样的活动。absorbed聚精会神。【答案】absorbed9.He was driving home on the highway last night when a policeman stopped him and (accuse) him of spe

5、eding.【解析】句意：昨晚，他在公路上开车回家，这时一个警察让他停下，指控他超速驾驶。accuse of是固定用法，意思是指控。【答案】accused10. That hero who died in the war was so brave that he never (give in) to the enemies until death.【答案】gave in易错起源1、考查动词辨析 Aannounces Bdeclares Cclaims Dconfirms【解析】考查动词词义辨析。此处announces通知；declares宣布；claims 声明； confirms证实。句意：

6、虽然他承认自己掌握了英语，但有时他感到找到汉语的合适的英语翻译很难。根据句意选D项。【答案】D【变式探究】Try not to cough more than you can _ since it may cause problems to your lungs. A. check Ballow Cstop Dhelp 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词辨析。考生需掌握短语more than one can help的意思 “尽量不”，故正确答案是D项。句意：尽量不要咳嗽，因为这会给你的肺带来问题。【名师点睛】高考常考的几组动词词义辨析1injure，hurt，wound，destroyinjure

7、一般指在意外事故中受伤hurt是表示“伤害”的一般用法，既可指对肉体的伤害，也可指对情感的伤害wound常指外伤，尤指在战争、战斗中造成的伤害destroy一般指彻底损坏，常译成“毁坏，损坏”I didnt want to hurt his feelings.我不想伤害他的感情。He was wounded in the battle.他在战斗中负过伤。2beat，hit，strike，defeat，winbeat表示“(尤指用棍或其他硬物)接连地打，击”，还可表示“打败，胜过”hit表示对准目标打一下，强调击中strike表示突然性或一次性的击打defeat(beat)是指“击败，战胜”，宾

8、语通常是人或集体win是“(在中)获胜”或“赢”的意思，宾语通常为war，match，game，prize，medal，respect，battle等名词Our team beat the American team by eight.我们队以超过美国队八分的成绩战胜了。She hit him out of anger.她生气地打了他一下。The tower was struck by lightning.该塔被闪电击中了。He defeated all the other participants and won the prize.他击败了其他参赛者，获了奖。【锦囊妙计，战胜自我】adop

9、t，attach，adapt，adjust的区别adoptvt. 采取，采纳；收养，领养attachvt. 把附(在上)；重视attach much importance to. 非常重视adaptvt. 适应；adapt oneself to 适应于adjustvt. 适应，调整；adjust oneself to 适应于This kind of desk can be adjusted to the height you need; besides, it is not expensive at all.这个桌子可以根据你需要的高度而调整，而且一点也不贵。Recently, to main

10、tain national balance, the Chinese government has adopted a policy of encouraging college graduates to take positions in rural areas.为了保持平衡，政府最近通过了一项鼓励大学毕业生去农村就业的政策。Parents attach much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.父母亲都非常重视教育。他们会尽自己最大的努力给

11、予孩子们无价的馈赠易错起源2、考查动词短语的用法和意义 例2Body language can give a lot about your mood，so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.【答案】away【名师点睛】多记一些常见动词及短语的含义和用法并学会在特定语境中灵活运用。以下为常见短语动词 :一、动词 + 介词/副词 短语 例句Act on照行事He acts on principles.answer for对负责You will answer for wh

12、at youve done.Arm.against带武器以防He armed himself against wild animals.agree with同意(某人)I agree with her.agree to同意(建议等)They agreed to the proposal.apree on(in)同意商定(问题，条件等)They agreed on the question.arrive atin到达(某地)He arrived in Nanjing at five oclock yesterday mornring.Atm at 瞄准He aimed the gun at th

13、e bird.Ask after 问候My fater asked after you.Ask for 请求The boy asked for more food.borrowfrom从借来He borrowed a like from Mary.believe in 信任We all believe in her.belong to 属于The house belongs to me.burst into突然起来She burst into tears at the news.begin at从(页)开始Today we shall begin at page 40.Babe.on 根据he

14、 based the conclusion on experiments.beat about the bush绕弯子Tell me the truth. Dont beat about the bush.Consist of由组成The society consists of five members.congratulateon祝贺We congratulated her on winning the contest.carebr喜欢；照料He doesnt care for playing football.Changefor用交换He changed his radio for a r

15、ecorder.ChanSe fromto从转到She changed from team A to team B.clear up 放晴The weather cleared up in the afternoon.I came across an old friend in the street.An idea suddenly came into my mind.ca11 up 打电话I shall call her up soon.Csll for 叫(人)He will call for you in the evening.call for 为叫喊He heard someone

16、calling for help.cdll on 访问(某人)She will call on a friend on Sunday.cdll on 号召The Party called on us to study hard.Cure.of 治愈Fhe medicine cured him of his pain.depend on 依靠He depended on his mother in life.disagree with与意见不同He disagreed with her over the plan.Die of 因病、饥饿等而死The man died of cancer.Die

17、 from 因伤、意外等而死The died man died from a serious wound.Die for 为而死He died for the people.devote to把用于she devoted all her money to huvine books.enged in 从事，忙于He is engaged in writing new book.End with以结束The party ended with dancing.fail in在失败She failed in winning the game.find out查明He has not found out

18、 the trouble yet.give up 放弃Never give up hope.give over克服，渡过Youll soon get over your shyness.Get on(off) 上车(下车)She got on the bus at Gulou Square.Get on进展He is getting on well in the work.Get ready for准备好He has got ready for the journey.Get in 收进The peasants got in the wheat in May.grow up 长大，发展The

19、children have already grown up.give in 投降(让步)They gave in at last.Get up 起床She gets up early every morning.Go on 继续The meeting went on deep into the night.go all out 竭尽全力They went all out to build the airport.So through通过；细察She went through the book before buying it.go over复习，看一遍She went over the le

20、ssons for three times.go down(日，月)落下，下沉The moon has gone down.go without 放弃，没有也行He had to go without food.Hand in交进来They handed in their papeps.Have nothing to do with 与无关He has nothing to do with the matter.Have some thing to do with 与无关Does she have anything to do with the case?Head for 朝去The ship

21、 is heading for the nearest port.Help with 帮助He helped her with her English.Help.in在帮助He helped her in study in English.Hope for 希望(得到)introduceto介绍She introduced me to her father.inspirewith以激发He inspired them with courage.insist on坚持She insisted on doing it that way.interfere with(in) 妨碍；干涉Dont in

22、terfere With his work.join in 参加(活动)she also joined in the dancing.join sb. in 加入某人从事He joined us in watering the tees.keep on 继续She kept on making experinents.Knock at敲(门等)Someone is knocking at the door.loog for渴望Im longing for a letter from him.look up查寻；向上看He is looking up a new word in the dict

23、ionary.look uponas把看作Do you look upon him as a good friend?learnby heart 背会She has learnt it by heart.Leave for动身去He is leaving for Nanjing next week.look for寻找The police are looking for the lost car.Lie in 位于The town lies in the hills.live on 靠生活，以为主食Sheep live on grass.laugh at 对笑，嘲笑Dont laugh at

24、others.look throut 翻阅；浏览The boy looked through the picture book.Mixwith 同混合Oil and water cant mix with each other.meetwith 遇到She met with some difficulties.make up ones mind 决定He has made up his mind what to say.Owe to 归功于He owed all his success to his parents.Operate on为手术He operated on the wounded

25、 soldier.Putinto 把放入She put the book into the bag.play with 玩The boy played with a toy tank.Put up 举起They put up their hands.Put up挂起She put up a picture on the wall.Put off 推达The match is put off owing to the rain.Point out 指出The teacher pointed out his mistakes.preside over 主持(会议)Who is to preside

26、 over the meeting?present.with 赠送He presented her with a gold watch.Putacross 使理解(相信)She didnt put the meaning across very well.Preventfrom 阻止persist in 坚持He persisted in doing that.Put.into practice实施We shall put the plan into practice.quarrel over 为争吵They quarrelled over the property.quarrel with

27、同争吵She quanelled with her mother.Reply to 答复He hasnt replied to me yet.recover from 恢复She has recovered from her illness.Rely on 依靠He relied on his daughter in the past.refrain from 设法不，忍住Please refrain from smoking.Rob.of.抢走The pain robbed him of sleep.Run over 辗过去The bus run over his legs.result f

28、rom 由引起His illness results from overeating.result in 导致Overeating results in his illness.Remember sb.to代问好Please remember me to your mother.Set about 着手干They set about the work at once.Set out 出发They set out at dawn.succeed in 成功He succeeded in passing the exam.Speak off 说到She once spoke of the book

29、 to me.Supply.with提供They supplied the soldiers with weapons.share in分担(享)He shared in her joys and sorrows.share sth with sb 与某人共同使用She shared a room with others.settle in安顿下来He settled in a small town.See through 看透I have already seen through the man.See to it 保证See to it that the work is done well

30、.send for 派人请We have sent for the doctor.Stand by 支持Well stand by you in your hour of need.Stand of 代表What does “U.S,” stand far?spendon花费She spent a lot of money on books.show around 带参观He showed the guests around the city.talk about 谈论what are you taking about ?over 渡过lie has tided over his illness.turn against 背叛She will never turn against her country.turn into 变成Water can tur