borrow的用法和辨析.docx

1、borrow的用法和辨析borrow的用法和辨析 今天给大家带来borrow的用法，一起来学习学习吧，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。词汇精选：borrow的用法和辨析一、详细释义：v.借 I,T例句：How many books can I borrow at a time?我一次可以借多少本书?例句：It is not so terrible to borrow foreign funds.借外债不可怕。引用，借用;抄袭 I,T例句：It is not allowed to borrow freely from other writers.肆意抄袭其他作者的作品是不允许的。例句：Hande

2、l borrowed music from other composers.韩德尔的作品借鉴了其他作曲家的乐曲。二、词义辨析：lend,borrow,loan这些动词均含“借”之意。 lend指将自己的东西借出给别人，也可用于借喻意义。 borrow指从某人或某处借来某物，也可用作比喻。 loan指通过正式的手续，借数目较大的贷款。在美国也可指借出东西。三、相关短语：borrow pit取土坑四、参考例句：Can I borrow your video?你能接一下你的录像机吗?Can I borrow your pen?我可以借你的笔吗?Can I borrow your thermos?我可

3、以借用你的暖水瓶吗?Can I borrow your umbrella?借你的伞用一下行吗?Please borrow me your watch.请把你的手表借给我。Could I borrow your pen?我可以借用你的笔吗?May I borrow your pen?我能借你的笔吗?Can I borrow your spectacles?可以借用一下你的眼镜吗?May I borrow a book?我可否借一本书?May I borrow your eraser?我能借用一下你的橡皮擦吗?such as用法详解一、such as 的七个用法1. 表示举例，such as 意为

4、“例如，诸如此类的，像那样的”，相当于like或for example。如：There are few poets such as Keats and Shelly. 像济慈和雪莱这样的诗人现在很少了。Adverbs are used to modify verbs, such as “quickly” in “she ran fast”. 副词用来修饰动词，例如“她跑得快”中的“快”。Animals such as rabbits and deer continue to be active all winter，finding food wherever they can . 像兔和鹿这样

5、的动物整个冬天都是很活跃的，它们到处寻找食物。用于此义时的几点说明：(1) 这类结构既可表现为“名词+such as+例子”，也可表现为“such+名词+as+例子”。如：I enjoy songs such as this one.= I enjoy such songs as this one. 我喜欢像这首歌一样的歌。(2) 若 such as 后接动词，通常用动名词，有时也可用动词原形。如：Dont do anything silly such as marry him. 不要做什么蠢事，比如说去嫁给他。Magicians often perform tricks such as pu

6、lling a rabbit out of a hat. 魔术师常常变从帽子里抓出兔子的戏法。(3) 不要按汉语意思将s uch as 用作s uch like。(4) such as 后不可列出前面所提过的所有东西。如：正：I know four languages, such as Japanese and English. 我懂四种语言，如日语、英语。误：I know four languages, such as Chinese, French, Japanese and English. 我懂四种语言，如汉语、法语、日语和英语。(5) 在现代英语中，such as可与etc. 连用。

7、如：They planted many flowers, such as roses, sunflowers，etc. 他们种了许多种花，如玫瑰花、向日葵等。They export a 1ot of fruits，such as oranges，lemons，etc. 他们出口许多水果，如桔子、柠檬等。2. such as 表示“像这样的”，其中的 as 用作关系代词，引导定语从句，as 在定语从句中用作主语或宾语。此外，不要按汉语意思把该结构中的 as 换成like。如：He is not such a fool as he looks. 他并不像他看起来那么傻。Such men as he

8、 (is) are rare now. 现在像他这样的人很少了。3. such as 表示“凡是的人(或事物)”、“所有的人(事物)”，其意相当于 everything that, all those, those that (who)等。其中的 such 为先行词，as 为关系代词。如：Take such (things) as you need. 你需要什么就拿什么。You may choose such as you prefer. 你可挑选自己想要的东西。Such (people) as have knowledge and skill will not want to work. 有

9、知识和技能的人不愁没有工作。4. 有时 such as 整个儿用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句。如：We had hoped to give you a chance such as nobody else ever had. 我们本来希望给你一个别人从未有过的机会。Then I left it，feeling a weight at my heart such as I had never had before. 然后我离开那里，心头感到一种前所未有的沉重心情。5. 用于 suchas to do sth，表示结果，其中的such为限定语，as to do sth 表示结果。如：It was

10、such a loud noise as to wake everybody in the house. 声音很大，屋里的所有人都被吵醒了。You shouldnt put such high prices as to frighten your customers off. 你不应该要价这么高，以致把顾客都吓跑了。6. 用于such as to do sth，表示程度或结果。其中的such是代词，as to do sth引出的结构作程度状语或结果状语。如：Her illness was not such as to cause anxiety. 她的病不是很重，不必担心。The pain i

11、n her foot wasnt such as to stop her walking. 她脚疼，但还不至于不能行走。7. 用于 such as it is 构成习语，表示让步，意思是“尽管不怎么好”“尽管不一定正确”“尽管没什么价值或重要性”。如：The food, such as it is, is plentiful. 食物不是很好，但量很多。You may use my bike, such as it is. 尽管我的自行车不好，你可以将就着用吧。Youre welcome to join us for supper, such as it iswere only having s

12、oup and bread. 欢迎你和我们一起吃晚饭，只是没什么好吃的只有汤和面包。二、such as 与其他相似结构的区别1. suchas与suchthatsuch . as 前者用于引导定语从句，such . that 后者用于引导结果状语从句。如：Ive never heard such stories as he tells. 我从未听过他讲那样的故事。It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the street. 天气很冷，街上没有一个人。试比较：He is such a good teacher as we all resp

13、ect. 他是一位我们大家都尊敬的好老师。(as引导的是定语从句，as 在该定语从句中用作respect的宾语)He is such a good teacher that we all respect him. 他是那样一位好老师,以致于我们大家都尊敬他。(that 引导的是结果状语从句，that在该状语从句中不充当句子成分，另外注意句中的respect带有宾语him)2. such as 与 as suchsuch as 与 as such 两者词序相反，意义区别也很大，as such 有两个主要意思：(1) 表示“按照某词通用的词义”“根据某词严格的词义”。如：Its not an ag

14、reement as such, but it will have virtually the same effect as one. 就协议的词义而言，它算不上是协定，但实际上起到了协定的作用。I cant call my book a best seller as such but its very popular. 我不敢说我的书是畅销书，但可以说很受欢迎。(2) 表示“就本身而论”。如：Money as such will seldom bring happiness. 金钱本身很少带来幸福。Money, as such, does not bring happiness. 金钱本身并

15、不给人带来快乐。(3) 表示“以某种身份(或资格)”“像所指的人(或事物)那样”。如：She is a kind woman and is known as such. 她是位好心肠的女人，这是大家知道的。He is the author of the article, but he does not desire to be known as such. 他是*的作者，但他不想让人知道他是作者。so far用法归纳1. 表示“到如此之距离”，可视为far的加强说明，此时可根据情况选用时态。如：My feet are very sore from walking so far. 走了这么远的路

16、，我的脚非常痛。My mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her. 我母亲住得那么远，我们很少见到她。2. 表示“到如此之程度或范围”，根据情况选用适当时态。如：I can only help him so far. 我只能帮他到这种程度。Was it wise to push things so far? 把事情弄到这种地步明智吗?3. 表示“到目前为止”“至今”(=until now)，注意它所连用的时态：(1) 若强调so far所描述的谓语动作一直持续到现在，则谓语动词用现在完成时。如：So far there has be

17、en no bad news. 到现在为止还没有什么坏消息。So far 50 people have died in the fighting. 到现在为止，已有50人在战斗中丧生。有时还可修饰句中的非谓语动作，虽然此时的谓语不一定要使用现在完成时，但其中的非谓语动词通常可视一个完成时态简化而来的，如下面一句中的非谓语动词found可视为which have been found之省略：It is one of the funniest things found on the Internet so far this year. 这是今年互联网上发现的最有意思的事情之一。(2) 若不强调so

18、 far所描述的谓语动作一直持续到现在，则只是侧重描述一种客观现象，则可用一般现在时(谓语动词通常为某些状态动词)。如：So far, it is only talk. 至今还只是空谈。This is likely to be the biggest conference so far. 这很可能是迄今为止规模最大的一次会议了。(3) 若so far并非描述谓语动作，而是间接地说明句中的某个名词，此时的句子谓语需要具体语境来使用时态。如：She gave us a brief resume of the project so far. 她给了我们一份该项目迄今为止的历程简介。(句中的so fa

19、r间接地修饰名词the project)The new prime minister is facing his toughest political test so far. 新首相正面临迄今为止最为严峻的政治考验。(句中的so far间接地修饰名词his toughest political test)(4) 有时用于省略句，句子时态被隐含在语境中。如：So far, so good. 到目前为止，一切顺利。at heart和by heart的区别这一组短语的涵义也各不相同。At heart 的意思是“在心里”、“心底里”或“本质上”（from theheart，from the bott

20、om of ones heart or essentially）。byheart 的意思是“背诵”、“熟记”（by rote；to learn so well thatone can remember it perfectly）。请看下面例句：That socialite is a rascal at heart那个知名人士实质上是个坏蛋。A councillor should have the collective interest of society at heart议员应当关心大众的利益。At heart，MrLin does not approve your proposal林先生的

21、心里并不赞同你的建议。MrWang looks stem，but he is kind at heart王先生看来严肃，但买质上他很仁慈。I know this poem by heart我熟读我能背诵这首诗。I dont see the point of learning by heart all the dates in the history book！我真不明白为什么要把历史书里所有的日期都要记下来！请注意下列短语的意思：（跟前例 have something at heart相近）in ones heart of hearts 在内心深处take something to heart 认真考虑关注某事set ones heart on something 决心做得到某事物cut（or touch）sb to the heart 触及某人痛处ones heart is in something 把整个心放在某事上borrow的用法和辨析（文库搜索）