大专计算机专业英语课后参考答案.docx

1、大专计算机专业英语课后参考答案参考答案Lesson 1Exercises1. （1）A （2）B （3）A （4）B （5）C（6）B （7）D （8）B （9）C （10）A（11）A （12）B （13）D2. （1）vacuum tubes（2）manage the functions of the computer, perform calculations（3）microprocessor, memory, disk drives（4）application software, system software（5）symbols, letters, numbers（6）a hard

2、disk drive, a diskette drive（7）Word processing programs, used to prepare written documents; Electronic spreadsheet, used to analyze and summarize data; Database managers, used to organize and manage data and information;Graphics programs, used to visually analyze and present data and information;Com

3、munication programs, used to transmit and receive data and information;Integrated programs, which combine some or all of these applications in one program;（8）operating system3. （1）虽然电子计算机起源于近代（大约有50年），但计算过程自动化的思想却可追溯到当簿记、会计学和天文学变得让人感到枯燥乏味的时候。人类最早使用的计算工具是算盘。过去，世界各地的商人使用它，目前在中东和日本的一些地方依然使用着。（2）许多种存储器可

4、应用于现代计算机系统。作为一名嵌入式软件工程师，你必须知道它们的区别，懂得如何有效地使用每一种存储器。在我们的讨论中，我们将从软件开发者的视角来了解这些设备。4. The most widely used number system is the positional system. In this system the position of a digit indicates the significance to be attached to that digit. Positional number systems have a radix or a base. Decimal num

5、ber, binary number and octal number systems are all positional number systems.5. （1）You can use your keyboard for many purposes:a. Typing information;b. Entering numbers with the numeric keypad;c. Requesting specific functions;d. Performing system functions with key combinations;e. Regulating the co

6、mputer screen.（2）The First Generation of Computers (1946 to 1958);The Second Generation of Computers (1959 to 1964);The Third Generation of Computers (1965 to 1970);The Fourth Generation of Computers (1971 to the present).（3）omitted.Lesson 2Exercises1. （1）D （2）A （3）B （4）D（5）C （6）D （7）A2. （1）CPU time

7、, memory space, files storage, input/output (I/O) devices（2）loosely coupled, tightly coupled（3）graphical environment（4）Windows 2000, Windows Millennium Edition (ME)（5）Internet Connection Firewall（6）Multi-processor3. （1）操作系统与应用软件、设备驱动程序以及硬件之间相互作用，以便管理计算机资源。资源这个术语指的是用于履行工作的任何部件。例如，处理器是资源，RAM、存储空间以及外部设

8、备也都是资源。当你与应用软件交互时，你的操作系统正在后台忙着各种工作，比如识别存储空间、分配内存，与打印机交互等。（2）尽管Linux是为微机而设计的，但它与UNIX有某些相同的技术特征，如多任务、虚拟内存、TCP/IP驱动程序和多用户功能。这些特征使Linux成了e-mail和Web服务器以及局域网上流行的操作系统。Linux作为台式操作系统正在逐渐流行起来，目前有些新的个人计算机上安装的是Linux而不是Windows或Mac台式操作系统。4. Perhaps the success of Java (current bytecode interpreters are not fast)

9、will convince people that a “slow” language can be useful. Things do change. Faster processors move the emphasis away from language speed and raise the importance of programmer efficiency and code maintenance. We are seeing a shift from “does this language feature cost too much CPU time?” to “does u

10、sing a language without this feature cost too much in development time?”.5. （1）The primary goal of an operating system is thus to make the computer system convenient to use. A secondary goal is to use the computer hardware in an efficient way. （2）You could start by writing the text for an invitation

11、 to the company picnic with your word processor, you could draw a map to the picnic grounds with a graphics application. Finally, you could add the map to the invitation by cutting it from the graphics application and pasting it into the text you created with your word processor.（3）Fast User Switchi

12、ng for Multiple Users of a ComputerNew Visual Style Redesigned Start MenuMy DocumentsWebviewWindows Media Player 8Windows Movie MakerWebDAV Working with Data on the InternetFax SharingHome Networking WizardGetting Help with Remote AssistanceInternet Connection Firewall（4）Batch, Inter-active, Time-sh

13、aring/multi-user, Multi-tasking, Real-time, Multi-processorLesson 3Exercises1. （1）A （2）B （3）A （4）A （5）C（6）B （7）D （8）C （9）A （10）D2. （1）mainboard, processor, memory（2）disk drives, magnetic tape, CDs, DVDs（3）the parallel port, a serial port, a second serial port, a keyboard port, a monitor (screen) por

14、t（4）the power supply（5）input, output, secondary storages（6）the Control or Ctrl, the Alternate or Alt, the Shift（7）dot matrix, inkjet, laser（8）Sound, Color3. （1）硬磁盘技术是大多数计算机愿意采用的主要存储类型，其原因有三个：第一，它提供大量的存储容量；第二，它提供的存取文件的速度比软盘驱动器要快；第三，使用硬盘比较经济。难以置信的是，一个硬盘一般比软盘能多存储几百万倍的数据，而硬盘驱动器的费用只是软盘驱动器费用的三倍。（2）由于我们天天使

15、用显示器，我们有许多关于它们的问题，其中有些问题或许我们还没意识到。如：什么是点距？显示器的功率是多少？CRT和LCD的区别是什么？“刷新速率”是什么？在下面的文章中，我们将回答这些问题中的一部分问题。当你读完全文时，你将了解你目前的显示器，也将能为购买下一个显示器做出更好的决策。4. Todays inkjet printers have excellent resolution, which can range from 600dpi to 2800 dpi, depending on the model. If you want camera-store quality when pri

16、nting photographic images, you need a printer with high resolution by making multiple passes over the paper. Although it might seem logical that this technique would slow the printing process, multiple-pass inkjet printers produce a respectable five pages per minute.5. （1）Besides mainboard, processo

17、r and RAM, a computer has many other components toothe keyboard, the mouse, the screen, disk drives, sound card, graphics card and so on. These are called peripheral devices, or peripherals for short.（2）Input, Process, Output, Peripheral Devices, Ports, Other Components like power supply, cooling fa

18、ns and so on.（3）omitted.Lesson 4Exercises1. （1）D （2）C （3）D （4）C （5）D（6）A （7）B （8）D （9）C （10）C2. （1）text processing, electronic mail, information storage, retrieval, task management（2）desktop publishing, video conferencing, videotext（3）data processing, word processing, graphics, image, voice, network

19、ing（4）Microsoft Word 2003, Microsoft Excel 2003, Microsoft Outlook 2003, Microsoft FrontPage 2003（5）professional-quality documents, share information（6）create, analyze, share（7）organize, manage（8）all the files in your Web, reports to find slow pages and older files, your sites navigational structure

20、, track of Web tasks3. （1）一个电子支付系统（EPS）就是为了对购买由Internet提供的信息、货物和服务进行支付。例如书、音乐CD、软件、个人计算机、网站维护服务、研究报告等。它也是一种对在Internet以外所提供的商品和服务进行支付的便捷的方式。（2）你愿意不离开你舒适的台式计算机就可以参加一次虚拟聚会吗？通过网上聊天你能与世界各地的人们进行实时的交流。在多数情况下，你不需要任何特殊的软件，仅仅需要网络浏览器就够了。（但是，为了达到最佳效果，建议你使用至少4.0或以上版本的Netscape Navigator或者Microsoft Internet Explor

21、er）。4. （1）Word Processing is seen as part of Information Processing.（2）Modern offices are using the most advanced office equipment.（3）What science fiction writers wrote about only a few years ago is becoming reality.（4）The new type of computer is very fast in dealing with information.（5）This softwar

22、e has been translated into several versions.5. （1）The list includes telephone and computer systems, electronic mail, word processing, desktop publishing, database management systems, two-way cable TV, office-to-office satellite broadcasting, on-line database services, and voice recognition and synth

23、esis.（2）The following should be considered in detail:a. Mechanical engineering design.b. Building design.c. Structural engineering design.d. Electronic circuit designe. Animation and graphic design.（3）a. Quickly Format Your Document the Way You Want.b. Easily Cut and Paste from Multiple Documents.c.

24、Draw and Format Tables Quicklyd. Break Language Barriers with Intelligent Multilingual Support.Lesson 5Exercises1. （1）D （2）D （3）C （4）B （5）D（6）A （7）B （8）A （9）B （10）D2. （1）text, sound, animation, video（2）CBT, reference systems, simulations, virtual environments, edutainment（3）storage, bandwidth, proce

25、ssor speed, display depth（4）Text（5）Microsoft Video for Windows, Quick Time for Windows from Apple Computers（6）visually oriented3. （1）多媒体被定义为集成两种以上媒体的技术，例如基于计算机的文本、图形、声音、电视图像、静态视频或动画等媒体。多媒体成了新消费产品和服务的基础，例如电子图书和电子报纸、电子教室演示技术、全动电视会议、计算机成像、图形设计工具、视频和声音邮件等。许多WWW网站是多媒体的。（2）在多媒体环境中，我们可以同时拥有图形和文本，也可以增加照片、动画

26、、高质量的音响和全动录像。这个技术使得计算机使用起来更有趣也更容易。例如：一个多媒体程序可以播放一段电影：一只小猫正在玩线团，发出“喵喵”的声音你可以立即捕捉这个场面并把它粘贴到一段文字旁边。4. Multimedia is a kind of computer technology that combines text, audio, video, and animated graphics. It provides easy access to large quantities of information, such as industrial training manuals, dic

27、tionaries, and encyclopedias. It often utilizes a small storage device, such as an optical disk. By early 1990s we had begun to revolutionize the computer, with strong implications for communication, education and entertainment by utilizing this technology.5. （1） a. linear presentationb. programmed

28、branching programc. hypermedia（2） a. The Cruncherb. Creative Writerc. The Virtual Museumd. How Computers Worke. The 7th Guestf. Dracula Unleashed（3）The most common type of audio is red book audio; Another audio sound format is the Windows wave file, which can be played only on PCs running the Window

29、s operating environment; The final type of audio sound that may be used is known as the Musical Instrument Digital Interface, or MIDI for short.（4）omitted.Lesson 6Exercises1. （1）A （2）B （3）A （4）C （5）A C J I G2. （1）symbols, characters, usage rules（2）Do While Loop, Do Until Loop（3）sequence, selection,

30、loop（4）low-level, machine（5）high-level, low-level（6）object-orient, C+3. （1）虽然有迹象表明事物正在不断变化，但公平地说，选择一种语言来开发软件这件事仍然没有什么变化。学习一种新的语言可以使你成为一个更好的程序员。学习一种新语言有两个根本的理由：1）通过“向上发展”（例如：你原来使用C+，现在学习Java），你可以学到一些经验并能将其直接转化到你原来经常使用的语言中去。2）通过“横向发展”（通过一套完全不同的思想核心来学习一种语言），你可以拓宽视野，并学会一种新的方法，用来解决用你“通常的”语言解决起来似乎困难的问题。（2

31、）一个程序中的不同信息可能会有不同的类型。例如：一种语言可能会对字符串和数值用不同的方法处理。这样的语言至少得有两种类型一种用于字符串，另一种用于数值。多数语言具有多种类型。初看起来，类型是相当简单的，它们是把事情分成不同群体的方法。但是，不久它们就会变得复杂得多了如果一个群体与另一个群体在某一方面“一样”怎么办？函数的类型又是什么？4. C programs consist of blocks of program lines called functions. Each function is clearly defined and performs a specific task. Th

32、is block structure is also common to other languages such as Pascal, Modula II, and Ada. This block structure also makes a programmer easier to read and more manageable. Because the C language is a language of block structure that is not limited on some kind of machine, and it can directly deal with characters, digits, and performs arithm