中考语法动词时态的归纳总结.docx

1、中考语法动词时态的归纳总结动词时态TenseI 本章要点一般进行完成完成进行现在一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时过去一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成进行时将来一般将来时将来进行时将来完成时将来完成进行时过去将来过去将来时过去将来进行时过去将来完成时过去将来完成进行时II 时态语法点分述一、一般现在时 Simple Present Tense结构公式：am/is/are/do/does常见时间状语：sometimes, usually, never, always, often; every day / week / month / year / . ; on Sunday (

2、s) / Monday (s) /. 1. 经常性或习惯性的动作，如日常行为，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。常用频度副词： Liferarelyturns out the way that we plan. -Beverly Hills 90210（是电视剧名）2. 表示按计划将会发生的事情，主语常常是物。 这列高速列车（高铁）早上9点出发去北京。（high-speed train） 3. 表示真理或不变的事实。 树叶在秋季从绿变黄。 4. 在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时，简称为“主将从现”。 如果我在纽约时有时间去购物，我会帮你去苹果店买个iPad 10。 真题试

3、炼1) Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia when she_back.A. came B. comes C. would come D. will come2) -Could you tell me when Mr. Li_in Wuhan?-Sure. When he _, Ill call you. A. arrives, will arrive B. will arrive, arrivesC. arrives, arrives D. will arrive, will arrive5. 特别结构结构

4、公式一：It is +一段时间+since +从句结构公式二：It has been+一段时间+since +从句Attention第一种句型更常见。如：1) As for myself, it is many, many years since I first began to think of him in a very different manner.-Pride and Prejudice至于说到我自己对他印象转坏，那已经是好多好多年的事了。2) 好久不见。二、现在进行时 Present Continuous Tense结构公式：am/is/are+doing时间状语：Now,at

5、present,at the moment, look, listen1. 表示说话时正在进行的动作。 嘘，孩子们正在睡觉呢。 2. 表示最近一段时间内正在进行的动作。 Jacks having a hard time at the office at the moment and hes smoking about fifty cigarettes a day. 3. 与频率副词连用，表示作者的一种感情态度。(如always, forever,constantly, continually) 你老是像我妈一样唠叨我。(nag sb.) 4. 表达某种情感，表示关切，礼貌，赞美等。 Im te

6、lling you the truth. Cf I tell you the truth. 5. 表示将来即将发生的动作，给人一种期待感，常伴有表示将来的时间状语。 They are getting married next month. Attention1) 此用法常用于：arrive, return, land, leave, come, go, drive, fly, travel, move, die, stay等位移动词。 Im going home tonight. 我今晚回家。2) 以下词汇在特定语境中也可进行时表将来：a. I you soon after class.b.

7、-What are you doing this evening? -Im at home with my families.不能使用进行时的动词fear（害怕）, love（爱）, hate（讨厌）, mind（介意）,like（喜欢）, please（喜爱）, prefer（更喜爱）think（认为）, believe（相信）, doubt（怀疑）, remember（记起了）, realize（认识）, suppose（怀疑）see, hear, findbecome, return. buy, join, get to(know), hear from特例：*Hes jumping w

8、ith joy. (少数瞬间动词用于进行，表 )* * 这个老人已奄奄一息。* (此处进行时表示逐渐、即将)小试身手请用一般现在时或现在进行时完成下面题目：1) -Can I help you?-I bought this watch here yesterday, but it (do) work.2) I dont really work here, I (help)until the new secretary arrives.3) There (go) the bell. /Here (come) Mr.Wang.4) You dont believe it. You know I (

9、tell) the truth.三、一般过去时 Simple Past Tense结构公式：was / were / did（初中不规则动词表见附录一）时间状语：1. yesterday, last week, the day before yesterday, the week before last,in July, in 2006,just now, three days ago, 2. 表示过去某个时间一连串的行为。结构公式：did A, did B, and did N 史瑞克给了公主一个丑陋的微笑，拉起她绿色的胖手，然后温柔的吻了她一下。 3. 表示过去某行为或某状态已发生，不强调

10、进行。 当我1990年代在上海时，我每周末都去美术馆。 小试身手 A report has just come in that the Southgate warehouse (仓库) _ into last Friday night. A. broke B. was broken C. had broken D. had been broken4. used to do sth.过去常常做某事 On Sunday evenings we used to be permitted to play, if we did not make much noise; now a mere titter

11、 is sufficient to send us into corners!从前一到星期天晚上，还准许我们玩玩，只要我们不太吵，现在我们只要偷偷一笑，就得罚站墙角啦！-Wuthering Height5. 近义词辨析would do sth. VS used to do sth.used towould过去习惯动作状态过去和现在对比偶尔 In such cases, we would go to the old workers for help. Before 1949 he used to work twelve hours a day. He used to live in the co

12、untryside. 6. 近形词辨析be/get used to doing sth/sth习惯于做某事be used to do被用来做某事 城里人习惯把狗当宠物，而在农村狗狗通常用来看家(guard). 小试身手1) Tony used to _ to school, but he is used to _ to school now.A. walk; taking a bus B. walked; took a busC. walk; take a bus D. walked; taking a bus2) Heusedto_inasmallvillage,butnowhehasbee

13、nusedto_inthebigcity.A.live;living B.live;live C. living; living D. living;live3) MrsGreen_gotohospital,butnowsheisingoodhealth.A.hasto B.needto C.usedto D.oughtto真题试炼1) Unlike Chinese, Americans _ their meals with knives and forks.A. used to taking B. are used to taking C. used to take D. are used

14、to take2) We have _ up early in order to catch the early bus.A. used to get B. been used to get C. used for getting D. been used to getting四、过去进行时 Past Continuous Tense结构公式：was / were+doing 时间状语：this time yesterday, at that time, at the moment（这个词组也可以用在现在 进行时），all morning等。1. 强调过去某时间段或某个时间点正在发生的事。 ,

15、 Kobe was playing football. 真题试炼1) He was still working on his project while other people _ _a rest.A. were having B. are having C. will have D. have2) Susan and Lily tomatoes and other vegetables on the farm this time yesterday.A. pick B. are picking C. will pick D. were picking2. 强调动作的持续性，比一般过去时更生

16、动。（用一般过去时和过去进行时填空） It heavily last night. （昨天下雨了这个事实） It heavily last night. （昨晚下雨持续时间长）3. 与always, constantly, continually, forever 等连用表达某种感情色彩。 My brother was always losing his keys. 小试身手请用一般过去时或过去进行时填空：1) While Tom (read)_, Emily (watch) _ a documentary on TV.2) The thief (sneak) _ into the house

17、, (steal) _ the jewels and (leave) _ without a trace. 3) While we (do) _ a sight-seeing tour, our friends (lie) _ on the beach. 4) I (write)_ a book last year but I havent finished it yet.5) -What (do / you) _ yesterday at 8 pm?-I (sit) _ in the pub with Sam. Why?五、一般将来时 Simple Future Tense结构公式一：sb.

18、 will / shall do结构公式二：am / is / are going to do结构公式三：am/ is / are to do结构公式四：am/ is / are about to do结构含义例句be going to dosb: 有计划sth: 有迹象_ get married next month, so Im preparing for my wedding.The day is getting dark. Its going to rain.will/shallsb:没有计划，随时想到并且马上会做的，意愿和决心,sth:随机，不确定性Shall we go to th

19、e library?（shall用于第一人称）Will you help me with my homework?（所有人称）be doing位移动词进行时表示将来She is arriving at the port tonightdo/does1) 主将从现；2) 按计划The meeting begins at 3.be to正式，按计划The annual meeting is to be held next week.be about马上Ladies and gentlemen, please take your seats. The performance is about to

20、start. will be doing早已安排好或预计发生的事，难以改变，表承诺。I will be having a meeting at 3 p.m. tomorrow. 时间状语：next, tomorrow, in+时间, soon, this evening等小试身手1) The football match will be put off if it _. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining2) -I wont go if it _ tomorrow.-I dont know if it _ tomorrow.A. rain

21、s B. will rain C. is raining D. has rainedAttention注意分清：由when和if引导的从句是状语从句还是宾语从句检验真知请从一般将来时的其中形式中选择，完成下列句子：1) I _ (probably, go) back to England tomorrow. 2) Hurry up! The conference _ (begin) in 20 minutes. 3) Look at these big black clouds! It _ (rain). 4) Here is the weather forecast. Tomorrow_ (

22、be) dry and sunny. 5) What does a blonde say when she sees a banana skin lying just a few metres in front of her? - Oh dear! I _ (slip)!六、现在完成时 Present Perfect Tense结构公式：sb. have/ has done时间状语：already, yet, just, so far, never, ever, since +过去时间点,for +一段时间, in the past/last few years现在完成时的简单定义：1）过去发

23、生的动作对现在产生一定的影响；2）过去发生的动作一直延续到现在。现在完成时有两个主要用法：用法含义标志词例句已完成动作发生在过去，但后果或影响至今仍然存在.justalready，yetYour letter has just been received.未完成动作开始在过去，一直持续到现在for, sinceThey have lived here for more than twenty years.Attention你还能列出现在完成时的一些时间状语吗？ 1. since用法结构公式：现在完成时+ since +一般过去式/过去的时间状语Ive known my best friend

24、.2. 瞬间动词不能直接和for, since的完成时连用小试身手He has borrowed this book for four days (错误or正确？)He has kept this book for four days. (错误or正确？)The play has started for half an hour. (错误or正确？)The play has been on for half an hour. (错误or正确？)瞬间动词变成延续动词1) borrow 2) buy 3) catch a cold 4) die 5) fall asleep 6) fall ill

25、 7) join 8) leave 9) marry 10) start 11) end 真题试炼1) I have been a League member since 2008.I _ a League member _ 2008.2) Old John died five years ago.Old John has _ _ _ 5 years.3) My uncle came here an hour ago.My uncle has _ _ for an hour._ _ an hour _ my uncle came here.3. have been VS have gone真题

26、试炼1) -Where is Zhang? -Oh, dont you know he _ to Beijing to see his parents and he will be back tomorrow. A. has gone B. has been C. had gone D. had been2) _ you ever _ to New York, my hometown? A. Have.been B. Did.go C. Have.gone D. Are.going1) -Hes a native Shanghainese, isnt he?-Yes, he this city

27、 for 60 years so far.A. has gone to B. has been to C. has gone in D. has been in总结：have been to _have gone to _have been in _ 4. 特别句型a. It /This +is +序数词n + 现在完成时 It is the first time that Ive seen such a wonderful performance. b. It/this is + 最高级/the best/the worst /the most interesting/the only +n.+现在完成时 Get away! is the only words that she has ever said to me. 5. 现在完成时和过去时区别1) -Where _ _ (put) the book? I cant see it anywhere. I _(put) it right here. But now its