中山大学博士入学考试英语试题回忆版文档格式.docx

1、二。完型填空，共10分，二十个空，而且是不带选择项的。每空0.5分。难度一般。三。排序题，共15分，十个选项（a-j）中选出五个来，每个3分。有些难。内容是关于剑桥大学。四。英译汉,共15分，从一段文章中划出五句话来，每句话3分。五。汉译英，共10分，一小段，大约有连着的五句话。国内政治方面的内容。内容记住的一点点是：关于社会稳定，人民生活水平提高了，收入差距拉大，但是，仍然没有造成大的社会不稳定，也是由于穷人的生活水平也相应提高了。（这是大意，不是原句子，有心的可以去网上找找有没有相关内容。）六。作文，共20分。有两个话题，只能选一个回答。今年的是views contradict .第二个话

2、题的，没怎么懂意思。根据我的理解是和自己看法一致的意见容易接受，看法不一致的不容易接受。你同意哪种观点。（我没看懂。下面，把自己还能记住的，还有在群里收集到的相关内容贴出来。我的大脑不是硬盘，总会记忆有出入，如果给各位造成了误导，请尊重下我整理资料的辛苦。同时，如果今年参加考试的战友，欢迎帮我改正。下面是在群里看到大家找的回忆版：现贴出来：阅读理解的（没有按试卷题号排）阅读1： When global warming finally came, it stuck with a vengeance （异乎寻常地）. In some regions, temperatures rose sever

3、al degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up nearly 400 feet, flooding coastal settlements and forcing people to migrate inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted drastically in North America, Europe and Asia. After driving many of the animals around them to near ext

4、inction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease. The adaptation was farming: the global-warming crisis that gave rise to it happened more than 10,000 years ago.As environmentalists convene in Rio de

5、 Janeiro this week to ponder the global climate of the future, earth scientists are in the midst of a revolution in understanding how climate has changed in the pastand how those changes have transformed human existence. Researchers have begun to piece together an illuminating picture of the powerfu

6、l geological and astronomical forces that have combined to change the planets environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back again over a time period stretching back hundreds of millions of years.Most importantly, scientists are beginning to realize that the climatic changes have had a major impa

7、ct on the evolution of the human species. New research now suggests that climate shifts have played a key role in nearly every significant turning point in human evolution: from the dawn of primates （灵长目动物） some 65 million years ago to human ancestors rising up to walk on two legs, from the huge exp

8、ansion of the human brain to the rise of agriculture. Indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it.The new research has profound implications for the environmental summit in Rio. Among other things,

9、the findings demonstrate that dramatic climate change is nothing new for planet Earth. The benign （宜人的） global environment that has existed over the past 10,000 yearsduring which agriculture, writing, cities and most other features of civilization appearedis a mere bright spot in a much larger patte

10、rn of widely varying climate over the ages. In fact, the pattern of climate change in the past reveals that Earths climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes in the futureeven without the influence of human activity.1. Farming emerged as a survival strategy because man had been oblige

11、d _.A） to give up his former way of lifeB） to leave the coastal areasC） to follow the ever-shifting vegetationD） to abandon his original settlement2. Earth scientists have come to understand that climate _.A） is going through a fundamental changeB） has been getting warmer for 10,000 yearsC） will eve

12、ntually change from hot to coldD） has gone through periodical changes3. Scientists believe that human evolution _.A） has seldom been accompanied by climatic changesB） has exerted little influence on climatic changesC） has largely been effected by climatic changesD） has had a major impact on climatic

13、 changes4. Evidence of past climatic changes indicates that _.A） human activities have accelerated changes of Earths environmentB） Earths environment will remain mild despite human interferenceC） Earths climate is bound to change significantly in the futureD） Earths climate is unlikely to undergo su

14、bstantial changes in the future5. The message the author wishes to convey in the passage is that _.A） human civilization remains glorious though it is affected by climatic changesB） mankind is virtually helpless in the face of the dramatic changes of climateC） man has to limit his activities to slow

15、 down the global warming processD） human civilization will continue to develop in spite of the changes of nature阅读2（这个是考研题）American no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In

16、 his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing. The Degradation of language and Music and why we should like, care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.Blaming the p

17、ermissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education. Mr.McWhorters academic speciality is language history and change, and he sees gradual disappearance of “whom” ,for example, to be natural and no more regranttable than the loss of the case-endings

18、 of Old EnglishBut the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing”, has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then

19、has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.Illustrated with an entertaining array of exa

20、mples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, why we should, like care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can

21、 be powerfully expressive-there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas .He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper. Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry

22、in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms-he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful m

23、ore than useful. We now take our English “on paper plates instead of china”. A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.1. According to Mc Whorter, the decline of formal English. is inevitable in radical education reforms. is but all too natural in language development. has caused the controve

24、rsy over the counter-culture. brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s.2. The word “talking” （Linge6, paragraph3） denotes. modesty. personality. liveliness. informality.3. To which of the following statements would Mc Whorter most likely agree?. Logical thinking is not necessarily rela

25、ted to the way we talk. . Black English can be more expressive than standard English. Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining. Of all the varieties, standard English Can best convey complex ideas. 4. The description of Russians love of memorizing poetry shows the authors. i

26、nterest in their language. appreciation of their efforts. admiration for their memory. contempt for their old-fashionedness.5. According to the last paragraph, “paper plates” is to “china” as . “temporary” is to “permanent”. “radical” is to “conservative”. “functional” is to “artistic”. “humble” is

27、to “noble”难句解析：In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing. The Degradation of language and Music and why we should like, care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal Engl

28、ish.该句子的主干是John McWhorte sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline。主语前的介词短语in his latest book做状语，book后有一个较长的书名充当其同位语。主语和谓语之间为主语的同位语，对主语补充说明。翻译：在他最近的书做我们自己的事：语言和音乐的退化，以及为什么我们应该喜欢或在意?中，这位学者认为60年代反文化运动的胜利要对正式英语的退化负责。As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of hum

29、an language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive-there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas该句子的主干是he acknowledges that all varieties can be expressive，谓语acknowledges后面是that引导的宾语从句。从句中主谓之间插入了介词短语including non-standard one

30、s like Black English。破折号后面分句对前面话语进行补充说明。麦荷特认为各种各样的人类语言，包括像黑人语言这样的非标准语言，都具有强大的表达力世上没有传达不了复杂思想的语言或方言。试题解析：第四篇文章的专业性比较强，讲的美国人由于随意性，所以英语的语言也变得相当随意的主旨，对很多对语言学不敏感的同学是很难的，因为专业性太强。这篇文章总体同样属于一个对比性的文章，关键词围绕正式用语非正式用语这里面的变化。开篇是在说什么导致英语的衰败，不是那么正式了。 中间的部分是在讲语言的变化是不可阻挡的。结尾继续讲俄国人对本国语言的最终是值得我们赞赏的。36题 难度0.319 区分度.0.2

31、87。作者认为是不可避免的在语言的发展中，而A是讲教育改革不可避免。37题 难度0.441 区分度.0.308原文反复出现的是语音的正式性和非正式性，所以这个题选D。38题 难度0.378 区分度.0.352问的是人物的观点，所以要区分作者的观点，美国人语言是衰败指的并不是逻辑思维也是衰败的，所以选择A。39题 难度0.438 区分度.0.261作者提到俄国人喜欢背诗，作者在文章是赞赏的语气，称赞他们努力维护本国的语言。40题 难度0.543 区分度.0.279 这个题也是一个类比题，他说咱们经常纸碟和瓷器之间的关联，纸盒子不漂亮可以盛饭，瓷器在大餐聚会时被使用，讲究美食性。所以答案选C，是一种功能性和美食性的关联性和关系性。全文翻译：美国人已不再期待公众人物在演讲或写作中能运用技巧