1、1。Geoffreys The History of the Kings of Britain 杰弗里的英国王的历史Arthur 亚瑟王 The native Celtic legends 本土凯尔特传说2、romance传奇文学3、代表作:SirGawainGreenKnight(高文爵士和绿衣骑士)是一首押头韵(Alliteration)的长诗(poetry)三、GeoffreyChaucer(Ca13431400)杰弗里。乔叟时期1、thefatherEnglishpoetry英国诗歌之父2、heroiccouplet英雄双韵体:averseunitconsistingtworhymed
2、(押韵)linesiniambicpentameter(五步抑扬格)CanterburyTales坎特伯雷的故事 The beginning of the English literature history4、大致内容:pilgrimsarepeoplefromvariouspartsEngland,representativeswalkslifesocialgroups.eachnarratorstellstalepeculiarmanner,thusrevealingownviewscharacter。朝圣者都是来自英国的各地的人,代表着社会的各个不同阶层和社会团体。这些叙述者以自己特色
3、的方式讲述自己的故事,无形中表明了各自的观点,展示了各自的性格。小说观点:hebelievesrighttoearthlyhappiness。Heisanxiousseefreedsuperstitions(迷信)blindbelieffate(盲目地相信命运).他希望人们能从迷信和对命运的盲从中解脱出来。四、PopularBallads大众民谣:1、定义:Also named folk ballad: a type of poetry that makes the most direct appeal to all classes of readers and listeners; esse
4、ntially a narrative poem which tells a story。 也被称为民谣:一种最能直接吸引所有读者和听众的诗歌类型,本质上是讲述故事的叙事诗。anonymousnarrativesongsthathavebeenpreservedbyoraltransmission(书上).歌谣是匿名叙事歌曲,一直保存着口头传播的方式2、代表人物:(1)BishopThomasPercy(17291811)托马斯.帕希主教(2)Sir Walter Scott (1771-1832)沃尔特司各特爵士went to places where ballads were still
5、been singing and write them down at the dictation of the border people. (numerous ballads were about the age-long struggle between the Scots and the English and there are different versions。)去那些民谣仍在吟唱的地方,并在边境人民的口述下写下来.(许多民谣是关于苏格兰人和英国人之间长期的斗争,有不同的版本。)(3)William Langland 威廉兰格伦(ca 1330-1400) The Vision
6、 of Piers,Plowman 农夫皮尔斯Robin Hood (罗宾汉): the hero that appeared firstly in literature in this book. Strong, brave, oppressors and love for the poor and downtrodden. clever, tenderhearted, affectionate; hatred for the cruel在这本书中首次出现在文学中的主人公。坚强,勇敢,压迫者、穷人和被压迫者的爱.聪明的,温柔的,多情的;嫉恶如仇(4)Robin Hood and Allina
7、-Dale罗宾汉和阿林戴尔的绿林好汉们II、TheRenaissance(16世纪)文艺复兴时期(GreekRoman)戏剧dramacantotermoriginallyindicatedrevivalclassicalartsscienc文艺复兴最初是指经典艺术和科学在英国的复兴。epochwitnessedparticulardevelopment文艺复兴时期的英国戏剧也得到了迅速的发展。1、keywork:humanism人文主义:admirehumanbeautyachievement五、WilliamShakespeare(15641616)威廉姆.莎士比亚戏剧(1)drama四大
8、悲剧:Hamlet(哈姆雷特),Othello(奥赛罗),KingLear(李尔王),TheTragedyMacbeth(麦克白)(2)四大喜剧: 威尼斯商人 The Merchant of Venice第十二夜 Twelfth Night 皆大欢喜 As You Like It 无事生非 Much Ado About Nothing(3)Sonnet 十四行诗 重点第十八首十四行诗 明喻(simile)暗喻(metaphor) 对比(comparison)六、Francis Bacon弗兰西斯培根(15611626)Of Truth 论真理Of Studies 论学习 重点III、theRe
9、volutionRestoration(17世纪)资产阶级革命与王权复辟prose散文1、文学特点:Puritans(清教徒)believedsimplicitylife、disapprovedsonnetslovepoetry、breakingupoldideals.清教徒崇尚俭朴的生活、拒绝十四行诗和爱情诗、与旧思想脱离。七、JohnDonne(15721631)约翰。多恩“metaphysical”poets(玄学派诗人)的代表人物sonnet十四行诗A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning离别辞“莫伤悲”(重点)、“Song” “The Canonizati
10、on” “Death Be Not Proud ” 作品特点:strikereaderDonnesextraordinaryfranknesspenetratingrealism.(坦诚的态度和现实描绘)noveltysubjectmatterpoint(新颖的题材和视角)itsform。(新颖的形式)八、JohnMilton约翰.弥尔顿(16081674)thegreatpoet诗人(poem诗歌blank)DefensePeople为英国人辩护、ParadiseLost失乐园“Satannotvillain”撒旦不是坏人、ParadiseRegained复乐园、On His Blindne
11、ss、 On His Deceased Wife九、JohnBunyan(16281688)约翰。拜扬writer“giveusonlyallegory(寓言)”The PilgrimsProgress天路历程 prose该书采用的写作手法“writtenoldfashioned(旧体形式),medievalformallegory(比喻)dream”Vanity Fair 浮华集市、TheAgeEnlightenment(18世纪)启蒙运动2、18thcentury文学的三个方面:Classicism(古典主义)、revivalromanticpoetry(新兴的浪漫主义诗歌)、beginn
12、ingsmodernnovel(刚启萌的现代派小说)十、DanielDefoe(16601731)丹尼尔.笛福realisticnovel现实主义小说Novel:RobinsonCrusoe鲁宾逊漂流记JonathanWild十一、JonathanSwift(16671745)乔纳森。斯威夫特书籍之战、浴缸的故事(1704)、适度的建议(1729)、格列佛游记(1726)反讽novisiblesignanger,norraisingvoice;tonecold,restrained,ironic,variedsomeflashesfoolingwhenSwiftssenseridiculour
13、getsbetterhim。努不动颜,骂不扬声,语调冷酷,锋芒暗藏,讽刺辛辣,仅在讽喻之情难以抑制时才偶露揶揄之态.十二、Joseph Addison(16721719)约瑟夫 爱迪生、理查德斯蒂尔(Richard Steele) 闲谈者(Tatler)与旁观者(spectator) Sir Roger at Church 罗杰乡绅在教堂 重点 Sir Roger at the Assizes 罗杰乡绅在法庭十三、Henry Fielding(17071754)亨利菲尔丁The Christian Hero基督教的英雄、The Tatler闲谈者、The Spectator 旁观者Sentim
14、entalism感伤主义没有信仰sentimentalismcontinuedstruggleagainstfeudalismbuttheyvaguelysensedatsametimecontradictionsbourgeoisprogressbroughtwithitenslavementruinpeople.感伤主义的代表人物在继续反对封建主义的同时又模糊的感觉到资本主义进程中出现的种种矛盾,感觉到资本主义制度对人性的奴役和破坏。十四、ThomasGray(17161711)托马斯。格雷Elegy,WrittenCountryChurchyard墓园挽歌十五、Oliver Goldsm
15、ith (1730-1774)奥利弗史密斯 The Vicar of Wakefield威克菲尔德牧师传It is a sentimental work based on the moral vision of man as innocent and kind. There is goodness, nobility, and fidelity in life, and old values and verities still function well. 这是一部以人的道德眼光为基础的感性作品,其中充斥着天真、善良。有善良,高贵,和忠诚的生活,和旧的价值观和真理。十六、Richard Br
16、insley Sheridan 理查德谢立丹(17511816年)The Rivals (1775)酒店竞争对手、St Patricks Day圣帕特里克节、The Duenna保姆、The Critic(1779)评论家、Pizarro (1799)皮萨罗The School for Scandal丑闻学校It is a fiveact comedy 这是一部五幕喜剧、theRomanticPeriod(1798-1832)浪漫主义Pre-Romanticism was greatly influenced by the industrial Revolution and the Frenc
17、h Revolution 前浪漫主义极大的影响了工业革命和法国大革命教育意义Educational:liberty,equalityfraternity自由,平等,博爱开始的标志:beginningpublicationWilliamWordsworthsLyricalBallads从威廉.华兹华斯发表的”抒情歌谣”开始lakepoets(湖畔诗人):ColeridgeSoutheyWordsworth十七、WilliamBlake(17571827)威廉.布莱克poetLondonThe TygerThe Chimney Sweeper扫烟囱的工人十八、RobertBurns罗伯特。彭斯苏格
18、兰诗人My Hearts in the Highlands我心在高原John Anderson, My Jo A Red Red Rose一朵红红的玫瑰 重点To a Mouse致老鼠Auld Lang Syne友谊地久天长十九、WilliamWordsworth(17701850)威廉.华兹华斯poetlaureate(桂冠诗人)ThePrelude序曲自传性诗歌AutobiographicalWithS。T.coleridge,jointlypublished“LyricalBallads.与s.t。coleridge一起,联合发表了“抒情民谣”作品特点simplicitypurityla
19、nguage,fightingconventionalforms18th简单而纯洁的语言,反传统形式的18世纪诗歌Lines Composed a Few Miles above几英里以上的几条线Tintern Abbey丁登寺旁She Dwelt among the Untrodden Ways她住在人迹罕至的地方I Travelled among Unknown Men我在陌生人中旅行I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud我如行云独自游、黄水仙Sonnet: Composed upon Westminster 十四行诗:WestminsterBridge, Septemb
20、er 3, 1802 桥,1802年9月3日Sonnet: London,1802十四行诗:伦敦,1802The Solitary Reaper孤独的刈麦女二十、 George Gordon,LordByron(17881842)乔治戈登,拜伦When We Two Parted 当我俩分别时She Walks in Beauty 她行走在美中Sonnet on Chillon 在葡萄牙的十四行诗ChildeHaroldPilgrimage查尔德哈罗德游记cantos成名作DonJuan唐璜诗satiricmasterpiece讽刺的杰作二十一、PercyByssheShelley(17921
21、822)雪莱PrometheusUnbound解放的普罗米修斯OdeWestWind西风颂poem诗Ozymandias智谋者A song: Men of England一首歌:英国人The Cloud云To a skyLark致云雀二十二、JohnKeats(17951821)济慈On First Looking into Chapmans Homer 第一次看荷马史诗Ode to a Nightingale夜莺颂Ode on a Grecian Urn希腊古瓮颂To Autumn到秋天Banright Star明亮的星二十三、WalterScott(17711832)沃特.斯科特creat
22、ormasterhistoricalnovel.他是创造者和历史小说大师Ivanhoe艾凡赫Rob Roy罗布罗伊二十四、JaneAusten(17751817)简。奥斯丁女PridePrejudice傲慢与偏见SenseSensibility理智与情感Emma爱玛二十五、CharlesLamb(17751834)查尔斯.兰伯essayist散文家Dream-Children: A Reverie 梦中儿女:回忆Poor Relations 穷亲戚Victorian维多利亚时期CriticalRealism批判现实主义二十六、CharlesDickens(18121870)狄更斯The Pos
23、thumous Papers of the Pickwick Club匹克威克外传HardTimes艰难时刻OliverTwist雾都孤儿ATaleTwoCities双城记(描述了法国大革命FrenchRevolution)特点:describingmiserysufferingscommonpeople.描述苦难和苦难的群众。二十七、William MakepeaceThackeray(18111863)威廉梅克比斯萨克雷VanityFair名利场二十八、GeorgeEliot(18191880)乔治。艾略特AdamBede亚当 比德novel二十九、(1)CharlotteBronte(1
24、8161855)夏洛特.勃郎特Shirley雪利JaneEyre简.爱Emily艾米丽。勃郎特(18181848)WutheringHeights呼啸山庄(主人公:Mr。Heathcliff)三十、Thomas Hood(17991845)胡德The Song of the Shirt衬衫之歌The Bridge of Sighs叹息桥三十一、 Alfred, Lord Tennyson(18091892)艾尔弗雷德,丁尼生勋爵Ulysses尤利西斯Break, Break, Break打破,打破,打破Crossing the Bar穿过酒吧三十二、Robert Browning(18121889)罗伯特,布朗宁My Last Duchess 我上一位公爵夫人Home-Thoughts, from Abroad在国外对家乡的想法三十三、 Elizabeth Barrett Browning(18061861)巴莱特,布朗宁Sonnets from the Portuguese西班牙十四行诗(21,22,2332,43) The 20th Centurytransition19th20thliterature19到20世纪英国文学的过渡期1、Aestheticism唯美主义
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