1、 q ?c?, q means the amount of agricultural products transacted inq?n?market. the third equationi ?implies the amount exchanged in nth time.in stage 3, farmers will decide to sell the products to whom. chanel js market price isbdecided by an exogenesis price and farmers negotiating power.pij?p*j?bbes
2、ides this, we use a matrix to show the net profit of chanel jx ik? ik, ? ik ?and then farmers choice can be expressed in a typical choice modelexppr?1 exp? k?1based on the choice model, another important concept is famers channel choice .here, we set five types .they rank by the market barriers. acc
3、ordingly, we set a group discrete number to express them. y: dependent variable y=5,means farmer choosebrokers. y=1, farmers sell products to consumers directly.4. data and estimation procedureshere, we illustrate the data distribution with this map. according to the agricultural regionalization fro
4、m department of agriculture, the apple specialization areas in china contain two parts: bo sea area and loess plateau. bo sea area in red color, contains hebei, shandong and liaoning 3 provinces. and loess plateau in green color, contains shanxi, henan, shaanxi and gansu 4 provinces. firstly, we use
5、 pps method to get the first stage sampling unit 14 counties in 7 provinces. then use random sample method to get village and household. they are our sample distribution.5. empirical results6. conclusions第二篇:国际会议国际会议:20XX 2nd international conference on environment science and engineeringpost by:20X
6、X-7-24 19:09:2820XX 2nd international conference on environment science and engineeringmay. 26, 20XX news! the icese 20XX papers are available in the vol.8 of ipcbee.mar.16, 20XX news! the conference program of icese 20XX is available now.welxxe to the official website of the 20XX 2nd international
7、conference on environment science and ed during april 7-8 20XX, in bangkok, thailand. icese 20XX, aims to bring together researchers, scientists, ehe practical challenges encountered and the solutions adopted.change and share their experiences, new ideas, and research results about all aspects of en
8、vironment sciethe conference will be held every year to make it an ideal platform for people to share views and expsensors and related areas. icese 20XX will be published in one volume of ipcbee, and all papers will be y digital library, and indexed by thomson isi .call for papers20XX 2nd internatio
9、nal conference on environment science and engineering, icese 20XX is the premier forum for esearch results in the fields of theoretical, experimental, and applied environment science and engineering. the confereers, engineers and scientists in the domain of interest from around the world. topics of
10、interest for submission include,environmental science and technologyenvironmental dynamicsmeteorologyhydrologygeophysicsatmospheric physicsphysical oceanographyglobal environmental change and ecosystems managementclimate and climatic changesglobal warmingozone layer depletioncarbon capture and stora
11、gebiofuelsintegrated ecosystems managementsatellite applications in the environmentenvironmental restoration and ecological engineeringhabitat reconstructionbiodiversity conservationdeforestationwetlandslandscape degradation and restorationground water remediationsoil decontaminationeco-technologybi
12、o-engineeringenvironmental sustainabilityresource managementlife cycle analysisenvironmental systems approachrenewable sources of energy-energy savingsclean technologiessustainable citieshealth and the environmenthealth related organismshazardous substances and detection techniquesbiodegradation of
13、hazardous substancestoxicity assessment and epidemiological studiesquality guidelines, environmental regulation and monitoringindoor air pollutionwater resources and river basin managementregulatory practice, water quality objectives standard setting, water quality classification public participatio
14、neconomic instrumentsmodeling and decision support toolsinstitutional developmenttransboundary cooperationmanagement and regulation of point and diffuse pollutionmonitoring and analysis of environmental contaminantground water managementwastewater and sludge treatmentnutrients removalsuspended and f
15、ixed film biological processesanaerobic treatmentprocess modellingsludge treatment and reusefate of hazardous substancesindustrial wastewater treatmentadvances in biological, physical and chemical processeson site and small scale systemsstorm-water managementair pollution and controlemission sources
16、atmospheric modeling and numerical predictioninteraction between pollutantscontrol technologiesair emission tradingsolid waste managementwaste minimizationoptimization of collection systemsrecycling and reusewaste valorizationtechnical aspects of treatment and disposal methodsleachate treatmentlegal
17、, economic and managerial aspects of solid waste managementmanagement of hazardous solid wastewater treatment and reclamationdisinfection and disinfection by- productsmanagement of water treatment residualsaesthetic quality of drinking watereffect of distribution systems on potable water qualityreus
18、e of reclaimed watersdexed by thomson isi .important date advanced treatment of water and secondary effluentsicese 20XX will be published in one volume of ipcbee, and all papers will be included in engineeringpaper submission before december 10, 20XX notification of acceptanceon january 1, 20XX fina
19、l paper submissionbefore january 15, 20XX authors registrationbefore january 15, 20XX icese 20XX conference datesapril 7 - 8, 20XXsubmission methods:1. electronic submission system;if you cant login the submission system, please try to submit through method 2.2. email: icesecbees.org第三篇:invitation l
20、etterdear professor li,on behalf of the peking university and the ieee xxputer society, i would be very pleased to invite you to attend and chair a session of the forthxxing 20XX international conference on parallel data processing to be held in beijing, from march 25 to march 28, 20XX.you are an in
21、ternationally acclaimed scholar and educator. your participation will be among the highlights of the conference.we sincerely hope that you could accept our invitation. if you can xxe, please let us know as soon as possible, since we have to prepare the final program soon. we are looking forward to y
22、our acceptance.sincerely yours,wang yangreply letterdear professor wang,many thanks for your letter dated 15th february, inviting me to attend and chair a session of the forthxxing 20XX international conference on parallel data processing to be held in beijing, from march 25 to march 28, 20XX.much t
23、o my regret, i shall not be able to honor the invitation because i have been suffering from a disease since this summer. i am firmly advised that it would be unwise to undertake any distant and long travel in the near future.i feel very sad to miss the opportunity of meeting you and many others in the field of xxputer science. i wish the conference a xxplete success. sincerely yours,li minginquiry letterdear sir,thanks you very much for accepting our invitation. i am writing to ask for informati
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