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九年级英语教材Unit 5讲义及练习题Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、 玻璃杯 (可数) 复数:glasses a glass of milkglasses n. 眼镜 a pair of glasses6. avoid v. 避免,回避 常见短语:avoid sth./ sb. 回避某事、某人 avoid doing sth. 避免干某事 The old man avoids his neighbors. He avoided answering my questions.7. surface n. 表面,表层。当指“水面”“液体表面”时,常用单数形式。on the surface在表面上 The surface of the lake is quite st

2、ill. v. 浮到水面,重新出现,恢复知觉 After living abroad for years, she suddenly surfaced again in London.8. international adj. 国际的 nation n. 国家 national adj. 国家的 International trade helps all nations. We need a peaceful international environment.9. competitor n. 参赛者,竞争者 compete v. 竞争,比赛 competition n. 比赛 He is a

3、 strong competitor for me.10. lively adj. 生气勃勃的,(色彩)鲜艳的,作定语,表语或宾补,既可指人,又可指物 living adj. 活着的,健在的,常作表语或定语,多用于指物,也可指人 live adj. 活的,一般作定语,只修饰物,不修饰人 alive adj. 活着的,侧重活与死之间的界限,多用于指人,也可指物 11. rise & raiserise是不及物动词,后面不能直接加宾语,可译为:升高, 上升; 上涨, 增高eg: The ground rises steadily. 地势步步加高。 v. 站起来; 起床 eg: She rose t

4、o greet her guests. 她起身迎接客人。 v. 起义; 反抗 eg: At last the people rose up in arms and defeated the cruel rulers. 人民终于武装起义推翻了残暴的统治者。 n. 上升, 升起 增加, 增长 The increase of wages is proportional to the rise in prices. 工资的增长与物价的上涨是成比例的。 v. 兴起; 发展 The rise of computer technology has transformed industry. 计算机技术的兴起

5、已经使工业为之改观。raise是及物动词,后面可直接加宾语,可译为:提起; 举起; 竖起 When he saw the principal, he raised his hand in salutation. 他看到校长时举手敬礼。 v. 增加; 提升 They raised their output by more than half in less than three years. 不到三年, 他们把产量提高了一半还多。 v. 抚养; 饲养 The old man likes raising rabbits, chickens, dogs and horses. 这个老人喜欢养兔子、鸡

6、、狗和马。 n. (工资、薪金的)提升, 增加 eg: He went to ask for a raise. 12. complete v. 完成 adj. 完整的,完全的,彻底的 completely plete sth./ doing sth. 词汇练习:1. 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词(1) She was wearing a blue _(衬衣).(2) Is it made of _(棉花), silk or wood?(3) Jim is going to collect _(材料)for a new book.(4) Both New York and London have

7、_(交通) problems.(5) The calm water _(表面)is very much like a mirror.(6) They built a wall to _(避免)soil being washed away.(7) Im pleased with your _(产品).(8) The Internet has become part of _(每天的)life.(9) The _(邮递员)brought me a large package.(10) Our Chinese always use _(筷子)to eat, but the English dont

8、use them.2. 用所给词的正确形式填空(1) Barleynis planted _ (wide) in this area.(2) He sent his son to a school in _ (German).(3) Let the tea _ (leaf) steep in boiling water for five minutes.(4) Tea is _ (produce) in many different areas in China.(5) As soon as I _ (complete) my training, I am going to be a bank

9、 teller.(6) He told us a very _ (live) story about his life in Africa.(7) We are going to _ (French) to spend our holidays. Key phrases:复习已学过的短语:1. be famous for 因为.而著名2. all over the world=around the world 全世界3. both.and. .和.都4. be good for. 对.有好处5. be good at doing sth. 擅长干某事6. even though 即使7. bu

10、y sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth. 给某人买某物8. in fact 事实上9. in the future 在将来10. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事11. different kinds of 不同种类的12. fly a kite 放风筝13. learn from 向.学习14. ask for help 寻求帮助15. put.on. 把.放到.上 16. a symbol of happiness and good wishes 幸福和美好祝愿的象征17. invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地18. at midnigh

11、t 在午夜19. advise doing sth. 建议干某事20. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人干某事21. be covered with 用覆盖22. in trouble 处于困境中23. the earths surface 地球的表面24. it takes some time to do sth. 干某事花了.时间25. be from 来自.26. go to an international kite festival 去参加国际风筝节27. use sth. to do sth. 使用某物干某事28. in many different areas

12、 在很多不同的地区29. at the art and science fair 在艺术和科学展览会上30. be sent to sp. 被送到某地学习新短语:1. be known for 以.闻名1. as far as I know 据我所知2. on the sides of the mountains 在山腰上3. by hand 用手4. be made of 由.制成5. be made from 由.制成6. be made in 在制造的7. no matter 无论8. avoid doing sth. 避免干某事9. make high-technology produ

13、cts 制造高科技产品10. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人干某事11. on the last Friday of each month 在每个月的最后一个星期五12. turn .into. 把.变成.13. send out 放出14. rise into 上升,上涨15. be used by 被.使用16. be used for 被用于干.17. paper cutting 剪纸18. sky lanterns 孔明灯19. according to 根据,按照20. at a very high heat 在高温下21. be seen as 被看做.22.

14、a Chinese fairy tale or historical story 一个中国的童话故事或历史故事短语练习:1. 根据汉语意思完成句子(1) 椅子是由木头做成的。 Chairs _ _ _ wood.(2) 面包是由小麦做成的。 Bread _ _ _ wheat.(3) 中国因长城而闻名。 China _ _ _ the Great Wall.(4) 据我所知,他已经出国了。 _ _ _ _, he has been abroad.(5) 很多学生回避见他们的老师。 Many students _ _ their teachers.(6) 乘客不被允许吸烟。 Passengers

15、 _ _ _ smoke.(7) 他们按年龄将他们自己分成三组。 They divided themselves into three groups_ _ age.(8) 当天气凉时,小水滴蒸发到空中形成云。 When the weather is cool, little bits of water _ _ the air and form clouds.(9) 让我们欣赏一张剪纸的图片吧。 Lets enjoy a picture of _ _.(10) 我一定要在一个小时内写完信。 I must _ _ the letter within an hour. Key grammar被动语态

16、I、被动语态的构成形式be + Vt.(及物动词)p.p.(过去分词)(一).语态是英语动词的一种形式,是用于表示主语和谓语之间的关系的。英语语态分为主动语态(active voice)和被动语态(passive voice)两种。主动语态是表示主语是动作的执行者。 1)Yesterday I parked my car outside the school.被动语态是表示主语是动作的承受者。 2)A sound of piano is heard in the hall.(二). 被动语态的基本时态变化 在被动语态的句子中,谓语部分的结构是be + Vt p.p.(及物动词过去分词)。其中b

17、e是变量,随时态的变化而变化;动词的过去分词是常量,永远不发生变化。当然,这只是指谓语部分而言。be动词作为一个独立的谓语动词有自己现在分词(being)和过去分词 (been)。那么,下面我们来看看be在各种时态中的变化形式:被动语态通常为八种时态的被动形式。以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:1) 一般现在时: am / is / are + done (过去分词) English is spoken in many countries all over the world. 世界上许多国家都讲英文。 Some TV sets for sale in the department sto

18、re were stolen last night.在这个商场促销的一些电视机被昨晚偷了。2) 现在完成时:has / have been + done This novel has been translated into several languages. 这本小说已被译成了几种语言。3) 现在进行时:am / is / are being + done The project is being carried out. 这个计划正在执行中。4) 一般过去时: was / were + done 那家商场用来出售的部分电视机昨晚被盗。5) 过去完成时: had been + done T

19、hey said that production costs had been reduced. 他们说生产成本已经下降了。6) 过去进行时: was / were being + done The car was being repairing by workers then. 那时这车正在被工人修理中。7) 一般将来时: shall / will be + done He wont be allowed,by his father, to marry Larra. 他父亲不会让他娶拉拉为妻的。8) 过去将来时:should / would be + done They would be s

20、ent to the army when they finished the training. 他们结束训练时将被派往部队。9)情态动词:can should could + be + done Students should be allowed to choose their own clothes.II、一般来说,在我们日常生活中,能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态。只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态:英语里被动语态的使用似乎比汉语要广泛。英语的被动语态常用在下列的场合:1) 当我们不知道动作的执行者的时候: Look!Theres nothing here. Everything

21、has been taken away. My car has been moved!2) 当我们不必提出动作的执行者的时候:I was born in 1960.3) 当我们强调或侧重动作的承受者的时候:She is liked by everybody.III、特殊的被动结构:1) 带情态动词的被动结构:它的固定句式为“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”。也有个别带to的情态动词例外,如:ought to和have to,它们的被动结构就只能在不定式中。 The debt must be paid off before next month.那笔债务必须在下个月前付清。 The debt

22、has to be paid off before next month.那笔债务必须在下个月前付清。2) 带有两个宾语的主动语态变成被动语态:将这种主动态的句子变成被动态的句子,可选两个宾语中的任何一个作为被动态句子的主语,而将另一个宾语作为“保留宾语”写入被动态的句中。但有一点要说明,那就是,如果你选直接宾语作“主语”,有时要在被动态句子的“保留宾语”前加上合适的介词。因为这些动词常有两种句式,即:我们可以说give sb. sth.,send sb. sth., buy sb. sth;我们也可以说give sth to sb; send sth to sb; buy sth for s

23、b.请看下面两种情况的对照: She sent me a novel on my birthday. I was sent a novel on my birthday. A novel was sent to me on my birthday.3)关于带有复合宾语的主动态变成被动态: 如果将带有复合宾语(既:宾语+宾语补足语)的主动语态的句子变成被动语态的句子,我们只能选择原来句子的宾语作被动语态句子的主语;而这时,原句里的宾语补足语现在就变成被动语态句子的“主语补足语”了。 The story made us laugh . (宾语补足语) We were made to laugh b

24、y the story. (主语补足语)4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。 Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5)当感官动词(see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等)后跟doing作宾补,变为被动时,doing不变。 I

25、saw him coming over. (变成被动语态)He was seen coming over. 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词 + 介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。 The meeting is to be put off till Friday.6)非谓语动词的被动语态。v.+ ing形式及不定式to do也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态)。 I dont like being laughed at in the public. There are two more trees to be pla

26、nted.7) It is said that+从句及其他类似句型:一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等可以用于句型“It + be + 过去分词 + that从句”或“主语 + be + 过去分词 + to do sth.”。It is said that据说 It is reported that据报道It is believed that大家相信 It is hoped that大家希望It is well known that众所周知 It is thought that大家认为It is suggested that据建议 It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. =The boy is said to have passed the national exam. 据说他通过了高考。(国家性考试)语法练习1. The mobile phone has influenced peoples life a lot since it _.A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 2

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