英语语法经典例题800例.docx

1、英语语法经典例题800例英语语法经典例题800例：非谓语动词(例题1)【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。1. Every one in our class was work ing hard and doing what wecould a good college.A. en ter B. to en terC. en teri ng D. en tered【陷阱】容易误选A。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词 could 就断定此处应填动词原形 enter。【分析】其实正确答案应是

2、 B。此句为省略句，即在 could 后省略了动词 do，若把句子补完整应为 Every one in our class was work ing hard and doing what we could do to en ter a good college 。即句中的不定式短语(to enter a good college) 是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could) 一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句： They did what they could to comfort her. 他们尽量安慰她。(2) They did everythi ng they could to sav

3、e her life. 他们尽一切力量拯救她的性命。(3) He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates.他拼命学习以便赶上他的同学。值得指出的是，这也并不是说今后只要遇到类似结构的题就一定选带 to不定式。请看以下试题：(4) He ran as fast as he could to catch the early bus.A. to hope B. hopeC. hop ing D. hopedearly bus 用作伴随状语。(5) He spe nt every minute he could spoke

4、 n En glish.A. practise B. to practiseC. practis ing D. practised此题答案选C ,这与前面动词spent的搭配有关，即 spend(in)doi ng sth 。若将此句补充完整，即为 He spent every mi nute he couldspe nd in practis ing spoke n En glish.(6) Before going abroad he devoted all he could D his oral En glish.A. improve B. to improveC. improvi ng

5、 D. to improvi ng此题答案选D,注意两点：一是 devoteto是固定搭配，意为“把贡献给”;二是其中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要用动名词。2. He knows nothing about it, so he cant helpany of your work.A. doing B. to doC. being doing D. to be done【陷阱】容易误选B,根据can t help doing sth 这一结构推出。【分析】其实答案应选A。比较以下结构:can t help to do sth =不能帮助做某事can t help doing s

6、th =禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事又如下面一题，答案也是She can t help the house because she s busy making a cake.A clea ning B. to clea nC. clea ned D. being clea ned再请看以下试题：While shopping, people sometimes can t help into buying something they don t really need.A. to persuade B. persuadi ngC. being persuaded D. be persuade

7、d此题应选C,句中的can t help 意为禁不住”(注意根据句意用被动形式)。3. All her time experime nts, she has no time for films.A. devoted to do B. devoted to doingC. devot ing to doing D. is devoted to doing【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】此题最佳答案为B。现分析如下：devote 意为致力于，献身于”，主要用 devoteto或be devoted to ，其中的to是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。(2) 选A错

8、误：若将do改为doing 则可以。(3) 选 B 正确：all her time devoted to doing experiments 为独立主格结构，用作状语。(4) 选C错误：因为all her time 与devote 为被动关系，故应将 devoting 改为 devoted 。(5) 选 D错误：若单独看 All her time is devoted to doing exper式，所以从整体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的句首加上 and或so,则可选D,或将D将中的is改为being 也可选它。英语语法经典例题800例：虚拟语气（例题）【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂

9、难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所 帮助。更多内容尽在。1.1 forget where I read the article, or I it to you now.A. will show B. would showC. am going to show D. am show ing【陷阱】 几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】 正确答案选B。根据上文的语境可知句中的 or隐含有一个虚拟的条件，即 or=if I didn t forget where I read the article（ 要是我没忘记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话一一但事实上忘

10、了 ）。2. “ It looks as if he were drunk. ” “ So it does. . ”A. He d better give up drinkingB. He shouldn t have drunk so muchC. Health is more importa nt tha n drinkD. I won der why he is always doing so【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是受句中 drunk 词的影响。【分析】 最佳答案为D。关键信息是It looks as if he were drunk中的虚拟语气，句子既然用了虚拟语气， 也

11、就是说，“他喝醉了”不是事实,只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此题的最佳答案是 Dt3. “ Mary looks hot and dry ” “ So you if you had so high a fever.A. do B. areC. will D. would【陷阱】 容易误选A或C。选A者，认为前后两句的动词性质应一致 ；选C者，认为其后带有if条件状语从句，从语气上看，主句应用将来时态。【分析】此题最佳答案为D。分析如下：(1) “ so +助动词+主语”是一个很有用的结构，它表示“也一 样”时。如：He likes to watch TV, and so do I. 他喜欢看电视

12、，我也一样。When ani mals and pla nts disappear, so will man. 当动植物消失的时候，人类也会随之消失。(2) 由于空格后的if 条件状语从句的谓语用的是虚拟语气 (这是很重要的信息)，所以主句要用 would而不用will ，即答案应选Do英语语法经典例题800例：强调句(例题)【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时 难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所 帮助。更多内容尽在。1. that caused him to serve dinner an hour later tha n usual

13、.A. It was we being late B. It was our being lateC. It was we were too late D. It was because we were late【陷阱】 此题容易误选 D,认为强调的是原因状语从句 because we were late 。【分析】 但实际上，此题的答案为 B,强调的是句子主语 our bei ng l ate，此题若还原成非强调句，即为:Our being late caused him to serve dinner an hour later tha n usual.注意，强调句的一个显著特点是， 若去

14、掉强调结构it is was that，句子仍然成立；换句话说，该结构中的 that不能充当句子成分。2. “ How was they discovered the entrance to the un derground palace? ” “Totally by chanee. ”A. it that B. he thatC. it when D. he which【陷阱】几个干扰项均可能误选。【分析】 答案选A为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式为：It was totally by cha nee that they discovered the entrance tothe

15、 un dergr ound palace.比较以下各题，它们也属强调句的特殊疑问句形式： Who was it saved the drow ning girl?A. since B. as C. that D. he答案选C,被强调成分为 who，该句实为类似It was Tom that saved the drowning girl. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式 （即对其中的Tom提问而得）。（2） What is it his daughter n eeds most?A. what B. which C. that D. if答案选C,被强调成分为 what，该句实为类似It is

16、 a bike that his daughter needs most. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式 （即对其中的a bike提冋而得）。3. was very that little Jim wrote the letter.A. It, careful B. It, carefullyC. He, careful D. He, carefully【陷阱】 几个干扰项均有可能误选，但最有可能误选的可能是 A,认为这是一个普通的系表结构，即认为第二空要填形容词作表语。【分析】 其实，此题是一个强调句，其非强调形式为 Little Jim wrote the letter very caref

17、ully. 若用it is that 的强调句式强调其中的状语very carefully 即为上面一题的题干，所以答案应选 B。请看下面几例，也属强调结构： It was whe n she was about to go to bed the telephone rang.A. si nee B. as C. that D. the n答案选C,被强调成分为 when she was about to go to bed 这一时间状语从句。(2) It may have bee n at Christmas Joh n gave Mary a handbag.A. before B. wh

18、o C. that D. whe n答案选C,被强调成分为 at Christmas ，其中的动词be采用了 may have been这一较为复杂的形式。4. “ Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?” “ It was in the hall the stude ntsofte n have a meet ing. ”A. where B. whichC. that D. whe nin the【陷阱】很可能误选 C,认为这是一个强调句，强调地点状语 hall【分析】假若选 C,即有 It was i

19、n the hall that the students often have a meeti ng ，该句的意思是“学生们通常是在大厅开会”，单独看这一句，无论是其意思还是其语法均未错，但若将其与上文联系起来看，则不通，因为上文的意思是“你是在哪儿找到昨天作报告的那位教授的？” 假若将答句改为It was in the hallthat I fou nd the professor ，则完全可以。其实，此题的最佳答案是 A, where the students often have a meeting为定语从句，用以修饰其前的名词 the hall ，句意为“是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅

20、（找到教授的）”，这样语意就通顺了。5. It was what he meant rather tha n what he said annoyed me.A. which B. asC. what D. that【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】此题为一个强调句型，空格处应填 that （即选D），被强调成分为 what he meant rather than what he said 。句意为“让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思”。请再看两例： It was his n ervous ness in the in terview probably lost him the

21、job.A. which B. since C. that D. what答案选C,为强调句型，被强调成分为 his nervousness in the interview，句意为“很可能是面试时表现出紧张，使他失去了这份工作”。（2） It is the ability to do the job matters not whereyou come from or what you are.A. one B. that C. what D. it答案选B,为强调句型，被强调成分为 the ability to do the job ,句意为“重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你来自何地或你是从

22、事什么工作的”。英语语法大全经典例题800例：名词性从句（例题）【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。典型陷阱题分析1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us un derstood he said meant.A. that B. whatC. that that D. what what【陷阱】 可能误选B。许多同学一看选项首先就排除了 C和D,认为这样两个“引导词”叠用的情况不太可能。在 A和B两个选项中，选项 A肯

23、定不行，因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分，所以便选择了 Bo【分析】 正确答案选D。第一个what用作动词meant的宾语，第二个 what 用作动词 said 的宾语，即在 none of us understood what whathe said meant 中，none of us understood 为主句，what what he saidmeant为宾语从句，而在此宾语从句中又包括有 what he said 这样一个主语从句。2. After had happe ned he could not con ti nue to work t here.A. which B.

24、howC. what D. hav ing【陷阱】可能误选A。【分析】最佳答案选C。有的同学误选A,是因为认为介词后应接关系 代词which，但实际上，若填关系代词，其前没有先行词，这根据不是一个 定语从句。另外，由于 had happened 缺主语，所以B和D也不能选。请再做下面一题（答案选B）:He po in ted to looked like a tomb and said, “ Ghost. ”A. that B. whatC. which D. as3. “ Is you want to say? ” asked the teacher.A. this B. thatC. al

25、l that D. that all【陷阱】 根据中文字面意思误选 A或B。【分析】 最佳答案选D。假若选A或B,那么转换成陈述句即为： Thisis you want to say. / That is you want to say. 显然句中的两个谓语动词is 与want相冲突。选 D组成的句子是Is that all you want to say?其中的that 为句子主语，all 为表语，you want to say 为定语从句，用以修饰all。4. “ When leave for Japa n? ” “ Whe n leave for Japan is kept secret

26、. ”A. they will, will they B. will they, they willC. they will, they will D. will they, will they【陷阱】可能误选D,认为when后应用疑问句词序。【分析】 最佳答案选B。第一个when引出的是一个特殊疑问句，故用 疑问词序；第二个when引出的是主语从句，故其后用陈述句词序。请做以 下试题（答案选C）: None knows if that boy, but if him, her parents will be disappo in ted.A. she will marry, she will

27、 marry B. she marries, she marriesC. she will marry, she marries D. she marries, she will marry(2) “Where go to work? ” “Where go to work is not known. ”A. we shall, we shall B. shall we, shall weC. shall we, we shall D. we shall, shall we5. Some one is ringing the doorbell. Go and see A. who is he

28、B. who he isC. who is it D. who it is【陷阱】 几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】此题最佳答案为D。首先可以排除A和C,因为空格处实为一 个宾语从句，所以不能用疑问句词序。另一方面，但按英语习惯，当用于指 代身份不明的人时，要用代词 it，而不用he或she等。比较以下两句：Mr Smith is at the door. He wants to see you. 史密斯先生在门口，他想见你。Some one is at the door. It may be the postma n. 有个人在门口，可能是邮递员。第一句因前面指明了是 Mr Smith，所以

29、后面用代词 he;而第二句因前 面用的是不定代词 someo ne,说明此人身份尚不明确，故其后用了代词 it来指代。6. D on t you know, my dear friend, it is your money not you that she loves?A. who B. whichC. that D. what【陷阱】 此题容易误选 A或B:选A的同学认为这是指人的，故用 wh o；选B的同学认为这是非限制性定语从句， 两者都是误认为这是定语从句 （注 意没有先行词）。【分析】其实答案应选C。that引导的是一个宾语从句，用作动词 know的宾语，它只是被句中的插入语 my

30、dear friend 隔开罢了。请做以下试题（答案均为C）: Everyone kno ws, perhaps except you, your girl-friend is a cheat.A. who B. whichC. that D. what（2） I think, though I could be mistake n, she liked me.A. who B. whichC. that D. what（3） He told me the n ews, believe it or not, he had earned $1 000 in a si ngle day.A. th

31、at B. whichC. as D. because前面两题that引导宾语从句，后面一题that同位语从句（修饰the n ews）。英语语法让很多学生都头疼， 因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。 大家整理了英语语法大全，本章主要介绍英语语法中的句子成分，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。特殊同位语归纳当两个词或词组在一个句子中具有相同的语法地位而且描述相同的人 或事物时，我们称它们为同位语。基本形式的同位语大家一般不会出错，但 有几种同位语，或由于本身结构特殊，或由于它修饰的成分结构比较特殊， 往往会引起误解。现小结并举例说明如下，希望引起同学们的注意。1. 代词we, us, you 等后接同位语Are you two readi ng? 你们二人在看书吗 ？They three joined the school team. 他们