医学专业英语词根.docx

1、医学专业英语词根Suffix Meaning Example -acpertainingto属于，关于cardiac:pertainingtotheheart心脏（病）的-alpertainingtomedical:pertainingtomedicine-arpertainingtomolecular:pertainingtoamolecule分子的-arypertainingtobelongingtociliary:pertainingtothecilia睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的 -aseenzyme酶 amylase:anyenzymethatconvertsstarchtosugar淀粉

2、酶 -clesmallness小,少,贫乏,小气 follicle:asmallbodilycavityorsac小囊,(头发的)毛囊 -eaninstrument仪器 auriscope:aninstrumentforexaminingtheear(检查耳朵用的)耳镜 -ealpertainingtolaryngeal:pertainingtothelarynx喉的,喉音的 -iacondition;qualityphobia:abnormalfear恐惧，害怕 -icpertainingtotoxic:pertainingtotoxin有毒的；因中毒引起的-icsstudyof;nameo

3、fasciencepaediatrics:studyofchildren,theirdevelopmentanddiseases儿科学 -ine/insubstance物质 insulin：substance(hormone)producedbytheisletsofLangerhansinthepancreas 胰岛素-ismprocessorconditionalcoholism:excessivedrinkingofalcoholwhichbecomesaddictive酒精中毒 -istonewhospecializesin精通于的人pharmacologist:adoctorwhos

4、pecializesinthestudyofdrugs药理专家 -itisinflammationreferstoapartin部位的炎症rhinitis:inflammationofthenasalpassages鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎-(i)umrelationtoawhole;relatedto与相关endometrium:innerliningoftheuter子宫内膜 -ivecharacterizesbyantitussive:adrugthatsuppressescoughing止咳药-lettiny;smalldroplet:atinydrop小滴 -menttheresultorpr

5、oductofanactiondevelopment:thingwhichdevelopsorisbeingdeveloped;actionofbecomingmature-oidresembling;like像mucoid:resemblingmucus粘液样的-olelittle;smallcentriole:thesmalldensestructureinthemiddleofthecentrosome细胞中心粒；中心体-omatumor;swellingreferstoadoerdermatofibroma:fibroustumoroftheskin皮肤纤维瘤-or/-ereither

6、apersonorthingreceptor:asensorynerveendingthatrespondstovariousstimuli感受器，受体 -orycharacterizedby;pertainingtosuspensory:whichishangingdown悬吊式，悬带-osesugarfructose:fruitssugarfoundinhoneyandsomefruit果糖 -osisabnormalconditiononychocryptosis:abnormalconditionofahiddennail嵌甲 -ouspertainingtopoisonous:per

7、tainingtopoison;alsocontainingpoison有毒的，分泌毒素的 -somesbodiesribosome:thebodyofnucleicacid核糖体 -umstructure;thing;substance结构，物质magnesium:awhitemetallicchemicalsubstance镁（金属元素） -ycondition;act;processdystrophy:disordercausedbydefectivenutritionormetabolism营养不良 Thefollowingisalistofthemostcommonlyusedcom

8、poundsuffixes Suffix Meaning Example -algiapain;painful;conditionarthralgia:paininajoint关节痛 -aseenzymeprotease:digestiveenzyme蛋白酶 -blastembryo胚，胚胎，人类胚胎 hemocytoblast:blastcell血胚细胞，原始血细胞 -carcinomamalignanttumordevelopingfromconnectivetissue相关组织的恶性肿瘤 adenocarcinoma:malignanttumordevelopingfromglandul

9、artissue腺癌 -celeprotrusion;distention突出；膨胀，延伸 esophagocele:abnormaldistentionoftheesophagus食管突出 -centesissurgicalpuncture手术穿孔 paracentesis:surgicalpunctureofacavityfortheaspirationoffluid穿刺术 -capniacarbondioxide二氧化碳 acapnia:absenceofcarbondioxide血液二氧化碳缺乏 -cidekillgermicide:(substance)whichcankillger

10、ms杀菌剂-clastcellphagocyte:cell,especiallyawhitebloodcell,whichcansurroundanddestroyothercells噬菌细胞 -dyniapainglossodynia:paininthetongue舌痛 -ectasia/-ectasisexpansion;dilation(膨胀，扩张) atelectasis:incompleteexpansionofthelungsatbirth肺不张 -ectomysurgicalexcisionorremovalofgastrectomy:surgicalremovalofthest

11、omach胃切除术 -edemaexcessiveaccumulationofserousfluid水肿 myxoedema:conditioncausedwhenthethyroidglanddoesnotproduceenoughthyroidhormone粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿 -emiabloodconditionleukemia:anyofseveralmalignantdiseaseswhereanabnormalnumberofleucocytesformintheblood白血病 -emesisvomiting呕吐 hematemesis:thevomitingofblood咯血

12、；吐血 -gensomethingthatproducedorprouducespathogen:amicroorganismoragentcapableofproducingdisease病菌，病原体 -genesisproduction生产spermatogenesis:formationanddevelopmentofspermatozoainthetestes精子发生 -globinprotein蛋白质 hemoglobin:aniron-containingproteinproducedbyerythrocytes血红素 -gnosisknowledgediagnosis:thepr

13、ocessofidentifyingthenatureorpresenceofadiseasethroughknowledgeandexamination-gramimage;pictureelectrocardiogram:agraphicrecordoftheelectricalactivityofheartmuscleorheartbeatusedinthediagnosisofheartdisease.Abbr.ECGandEKG.Syn.cardiogram心电图-graph(y)processofrecording记录过程electocardiography:theprocesso

14、fmakingorrecordingelectrocardiograms.Syn.cardiography心电图记录 -iasiscondition;state情况，状况cholelithiasis:theformationofgallstones胆石症 -iatry/-iatricshealing,frequentlyreferstoabranchofmedicine康复，常指医学的一个分支 podiatry:treatmentoffootdisorders足部医疗-lithstonecholelith:agallstone;astoneformedinthegallbladder胆结石 -

15、logythestudyofcytology:thesciencestudyofcells细胞学 -logistonewhostudiesandtreatsurologist:aphysicianwhospecializesinthepracticeofurology泌尿科医生 -lysisbreakdown,destructionhemolysis:thedestructionorbreakdownofredbloodcellswithreleaseofhemoglobin溶血 -malaciasofteningosteomalacia:softeningofbone骨软化 -maniaex

16、tremecompulsionorpreoccupation强迫症 kleptomania:amorbid,uncontrollablecompulsiontosteal盗窃癖 -megalygiantacromegaly:aconditioninwhichthereisanenlargementofthefacialbonesaswellasthoseofthelungs肢端肥大症 -metry/-metermeasurementspirometry:measurementofthevolumeofairinhaledandexhaledortheaircapacityofthelungs肺

17、(活)量测定(法),呼吸量测定(法) -odyniapaincardiodynia:painintheheartregion心痛，胸痛 -onehormone荷尔蒙，激素 parathormone:whichregulatescalciumbalanceamongtheblood,bones,andteeth甲状旁腺激素 -opiaadefectintheeye眼睛的毛病 myopia:beingshort-sighted近视 -opsytoviewbiopsy:excisionoflivetissueformicroscopicdiagnosis活检 -osismorbidcondition

18、病态的 sclerosis:abnormalhardening硬化症 -osmiasmellanosmia:lossofthesenseofsmell嗅觉丧失 -ostomyprocessofmakinganopeningintooraconnectionbetween造瘘gastrostomy:surgicalconstructionofanopeningfromthesurfaceoftheabdomenintothestomach胃造口术 -oxialevelofoxygen氧水平 hypoxia:alowoxygenleveloralackofoxygeninbodytissues组织

19、缺氧 -pathydisease;diseasedconditionophthalmopathy:anyeyedisease眼病 -peniadeficiencyleukopenia:deficiencyofleukocytesintheblood.Syn.leukocytopenia白细胞减少症 -pepsiadigestioneupepsia:gooddigestion消化良好 -pexyafixingorsettingfirmlyinplacebysuturing缝合固定 hepatopexy:surgicalfixationofadisplaceliver肝固定术 -phagia/ph

20、agyeating;swallowing吃，吞咽 dysphagia:difficultyinswallowing吞咽困难 -philattraction吸引，具有吸引力的事物 basophil:typeofleucocyteorwhitebloodcellwhichcontainsgranules嗜碱性粒细胞 -phobiafearxenophobia:irrationalfearofstrangers对外国人的恐惧，憎恶 -plasiaformation;developmenthyperplasia:overdevelopmentorenlargementofanorganortissue

21、增生，数量型肥大 -phoniavoicedysphonia:difficultyinspeaking发声困难 -plasmformation;growthorsubstanceofformationcytoplasm:jellysubstanceinthecell细胞浆 -plastysurgicalrepairosteoplasty:surgicalrepairofthebone骨整形术，骨成形术 -plegiastroke;paralysis中风 thermoplegia:heatorsunsrtoke热射病 -pneabreathingeupnea:normalbreathing呼吸正

22、常，平静呼吸 -ptosisafalling,thedroppingorsaggingofanorgan器官下移 hepatoptosis:abnormallylowpositionoftheliver肝下垂 -ptysisspitting分散 melanoptysis:spittingofthespleen黑色痰液;咳黑痰 -poiesisproductionhemopoiesis:productionofbloodcells造血作用，生血作用 -rrhage/-rrhagiaburstingforthofblood出血 menorrhagia:veryheavybleedingduring

23、menstruation月经过多 -rrhaphysurgicalsewingorsuturingsplenorrhaphy:sutureofthespleen脾修补术 -rrheaoverflowhydrorrhea:waterydischarge液溢 -(o)rrhexissplittingorrupture撕裂，破裂，疝气 amniorrhexis:ruptureoftheamnioticac羊膜破裂-sarcomamalignanttumordevelopingfromconnectivetissueliposarcoma:malignanttumorcontainingfat脂肪肉瘤

24、-schesisaholdingback;suppressionofdischarge阻碍；抑制排放 uroschesis:suppressionofurine闭尿，尿潴留 -sclerosisahardeningdermatosclerosis:hardeningoftheskin硬皮病 -scopeinstrumentforviewingstethoscope:aninstrumentforperformingmedicateausculation听诊器 -scopyprocessofexaminingvisuallyhepatoscopy:examinationoftheliver肝检查

25、 -spasminvoluntarycontractionangiospasm:suddencontractionofthemusclesinabloodvessel血管痉挛 -stasissuppression;stoppage;control;arrest抑制，中止 hemostasis:thearrestofbleeding止血，止血法-stenosisabnormalnarrowingofaductorcanal管、道德异常狭窄 laryngostenosis:abnormalnarrowingofthelarynx喉狭窄 -stomysurgicalopeningtotheoutsi

26、deofthebody造口 colostomy:surgicaloperationtomakeanopeningfromthecolon结肠造口术 -tentionpressurehypertention:highbloodpressure高血压 -therapytreatmentphysiotherapy:treatmentofdiseasebyphysicalmeans物理疗法 -tionprocesshospitalization:theprocessofbeinghosipitalized住院 -tocialabor;birth生产 embryotocia:abortion流产 -to

27、metoolforincisionarthrotome:instrumentforcuttingajoint关节刀 -tomyprocessofcuttingintogastrotomy:incisionofthestomach胃切开术 -tropiaturning转弯，变向 esotropia:turninginwardoftheeye内斜视 -trophynourishmentordevelopmentofanorgan器官的营养、发育 dystrophy:disordercausedbydefectivenutritionormetabolism营养不良 -uriaaconditionoftheurine（小便） dysuria:difficultlyinpassingurine排尿困难 -versionturningeversion:aturningoutward外翻，翻转 Hereisatableofthemos